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Articles 1 - 30 of 32
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Peak Aerobic Capacity And Dietary Composition Are Associated With The Bioenergetic Profile Of Platelets In Children, Duncan C. Troup
Peak Aerobic Capacity And Dietary Composition Are Associated With The Bioenergetic Profile Of Platelets In Children, Duncan C. Troup
Scholars Day Conference
Atherosclerosis is a disease of the cardiovascular system that is characterized by the buildup of plaque inside arteries over several decades. These plaques have the potential to rupture, causing a clot to form in the vessel. This results in an acute cardiovascular event such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Atherosclerosis remains a significant public health challenge in developed countries, being the foundational cause of roughly 50% of deaths in westernized societies and a major contributor to health costs [13,14]. Understanding this devastating disease and developing preventative measures is a highly important area of research. While the impact of cardiovascular disease …
Stress Hormone And Heart Rate Responses To Various Exercise Training Methods, Tomas Gomez Jr., Rebekah Schlatter, Megan Zamora, Marco Arriago, Sue Anne Chew, Murat Karabulut
Stress Hormone And Heart Rate Responses To Various Exercise Training Methods, Tomas Gomez Jr., Rebekah Schlatter, Megan Zamora, Marco Arriago, Sue Anne Chew, Murat Karabulut
Research Symposium
Background: Blood Flow Resistance (BFR) training has garnered attention for its ability to induce positive physiological adaptations with low-load resistance exercise. The present study aimed to examine the responses of catabolic hormones and heart rates (HR) to various BFR training protocols. This investigation seeks to provide insights into the stress levels induced by different protocols and identification behind the most effective protocol for optimal positive exercise-related adaptations.
Methods: Study population involved 10 healthy adult males (height: 175.0±5.0 cm, weight: 96.67±26.6 kg, age: 21.3±2.67 yr.) in a five-session investigation. Informed consent paperwork, pre-testing and anthropometric measurements served as session 1; sessions …
Impaired Hydrogen Sulfide Protein Expression In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Dong Gun Jin, Kollyn B. Jallen, Liz Pekas, Song-Young Park
Impaired Hydrogen Sulfide Protein Expression In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Dong Gun Jin, Kollyn B. Jallen, Liz Pekas, Song-Young Park
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
INTRODUCTION: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule that serves various roles in the vasculature, such as upregulating angiogenesis, vascular smooth muscle relaxation, protecting endothelial function, and regulating redox balance. Despite H2S’s positive impacts on vascular homeostasis, it is important to note that its actions depend on its concentrations. At high concentrations, H2S has been reported to increase oxidative stress damage, such as oxidation of cysteine residues and lipid peroxidation. This may indicate that H2S may act as a ‘double-edged sword’ in the field of vascular physiology. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) …
Comparison Of Training Load Between Ncaa Diii Tennis Resistance Training, Practices, And Competitions, Lauren Pascadlo
Comparison Of Training Load Between Ncaa Diii Tennis Resistance Training, Practices, And Competitions, Lauren Pascadlo
Student Scholar Showcase
Background: There are 7553 NCAA Division III tennis players, who play with less training coordination than elite players. Division III tennis load research is highly underdeveloped with most tennis research focusing on elite players. Additionally, practice training loads must be similar to match training loads so athletes are physically and mentally prepared for competition.
Purpose: To describe the training load in Division III tennis players during strength and conditioning, practices, and competition.
Methods: 7 Male and female division II tennis players attended 2 regularly scheduled practice, competition, and resistance training sessions. Training load was measured as external (GPS data consisting …
Carbonyl Iron Vs Ferrous Sulfate On Blood Iron Markers In Male Division Iii Cross-Country Athletes, Sam Gunter
Carbonyl Iron Vs Ferrous Sulfate On Blood Iron Markers In Male Division Iii Cross-Country Athletes, Sam Gunter
Student Scholar Showcase
Competitive distance runners are often predisposed to developing iron deficiency. This study aimed to determine if carbonyl iron was more effective at maintaining blood iron markers and minimizing overall fatigue and GI stress than ferrous sulfate. In this randomized, independent groups study, 7 male, division III cross-country athletes were supplemented with either carbonyl iron or ferrous sulfate for 6 weeks. Blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, subjective GI distress, subjective fatigue, and relative exertion of recent training were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks. Results will be analyzed via a detailed analysis of variance to determine significant differences in outcome measures. Statistical …
Age-Related Reduction In High-Velocity Power And Myofiber Morphology And Composition, Ben Dalton
Age-Related Reduction In High-Velocity Power And Myofiber Morphology And Composition, Ben Dalton
Symposium of Student Scholars
Power is diminished more dramatically at higher contraction velocities in older adults. It has been suggested that this may reflect age-related changes in single myofiber morphology or composition. PURPOSE: To examine power, muscle activation, and single myofiber morphology and composition between young (YM) and older (OM) males. METHODS: Power, or torque × velocity, was recorded during isokinetic knee extensions at 60°·s-1 and 180°·s-1 in healthy, untrained YM (n=15; 20.7±2.2 yrs) and OM (n=15; 71.6±3.9 yrs). The relative increase in power from 60°·s-1 to 180°·s-1 was recorded for each participant. Electromyography amplitude of the vastus lateralis (VL) …
The Effect Of Sprint Interval Training And Intermittent Fasting On Cognitive Function, Dana Taghaddos
The Effect Of Sprint Interval Training And Intermittent Fasting On Cognitive Function, Dana Taghaddos
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
This study will explore how a combination of a time-restricted eating (TRE) strategy and a sprint interval training (SIT) exercise program will affect cognitive function. Both TRE and SIT are easily implemented lifestyle habits that have been shown to present significant brain challenges. Participants will be randomized into 3 groups: either SIT + TRE (Group 1), SIT alone (Group 2), or TRE alone (Group 3). We will assess acute effects (single day of TRE, followed by a single session of SIT the next day), and the effects over a 6 week period. The SIT protocol consists of four 30 second …
Effect Of High Intensity Interval Training Vs Low Intensity Training On Fat Loss In Patients With Obesity, Jonathan Aaron Deck, Adarsh Gupta
Effect Of High Intensity Interval Training Vs Low Intensity Training On Fat Loss In Patients With Obesity, Jonathan Aaron Deck, Adarsh Gupta
Rowan-Virtua Research Day
Nowadays, there are several exercise modalities to lose weight, retain, and or build lean body mass. A widely known training philosophy that has gained increased popularity is high intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT is based on exercising at submaximal or maximal intensity for a brief period then reducing work to minimal intensity for a longer duration in a series of repeated bouts. The benefit of HIIT is to increase fat loss through the scientific principle of EPOC (excess post exercise oxygen consumption). Low intensity training (LIT) also has its benefits in that it is more sustainable but with the caveat …
Domestic Violence In The World Of Athletics, Abbigayle L. Gesler
Domestic Violence In The World Of Athletics, Abbigayle L. Gesler
ONU Student Research Colloquium
There is an ongoing debate whether athletics is linked to domestic violence in professional athletes or individuals who were athletes for a long period of time. The purpose of this research is to see if being an athlete leads to domestic violence, and if so, to find ways to decrease the numbers. Professional athletes with a history of domestic violence will be researched and this could help determine if there is a link between the two. To get an idea on aggression levels in athletes, the Buss & Perry Survey was sent out via email to all Ohio Northern students, …
The Effects Of 3-Weeks Of Aerobic Exercise In Heat On Fitness And Pgc1a In Females, Mark Mcglynn, Robert L. Shute, Brent Ruby, Walter Hailes, Dustin Slivka
The Effects Of 3-Weeks Of Aerobic Exercise In Heat On Fitness And Pgc1a In Females, Mark Mcglynn, Robert L. Shute, Brent Ruby, Walter Hailes, Dustin Slivka
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
The effects of exercise training in the heat are well documented in men. However, the effects of exercise training in the heat in women have not received as much attention. We have previously reported a blunted rise in PGC1α in men after acute aerobic exercise in the heat. Purpose: To determine the impact of three weeks of aerobic exercise training in the heat compared to training in room temperature on thermoregulation, PGC1α mRNA response, and aerobic capacity in women. Methods: Twenty-three untrained college aged females (24±4 yoa, 168±5 cm, and 67.3±11.2 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 weeks of aerobic …
A Note From The Editor, Kristina Bross
A Note From The Editor, Kristina Bross
Ideas: Exhibit Catalog for the Honors College Visiting Scholars Series
This letter introduces issue five of volume one, Ideas magazine, featuring the work of Dr. Lindsay Bottoms, fencer and sports physiologist.
An Examination Of The Validity Of An Ios-Based Heart Rate And Pulse Oximetry App During And After Moderate Intensity Exercise, Nathan Grizenko, Rachel Shipman, Ian Cree, Mitchell Colvin
An Examination Of The Validity Of An Ios-Based Heart Rate And Pulse Oximetry App During And After Moderate Intensity Exercise, Nathan Grizenko, Rachel Shipman, Ian Cree, Mitchell Colvin
ONU Student Research Colloquium
Fitness tracking apps are popular. There is little data validating their use during and after exercise. PURPOSE: Validate an iOS-based pulse oximeter against a fingertip pulse oximeter and a Polar® heart rate monitor during moderate intensity exercise and recovery. METHODS: Age Estimated Maximal Heart Rate (AEMHR) was calculated for fifteen college-aged students. Participants completed a 30-minute running trial divided into three 10-minute segments intended to elicit heart rate responses of 60, 70, and 80% of AEMHR. Heart rate and oxygen saturation data were collected at five and nine minutes of each segment. RESULTS: At 60% the digiDoc® app exhibited a …
The Effects Of Caffeine Ingestion On The Hemostatic Response To Simulated Firefighting Activities, Sierra Wassell
The Effects Of Caffeine Ingestion On The Hemostatic Response To Simulated Firefighting Activities, Sierra Wassell
Showcase of Graduate Student Scholarship and Creative Activities
The leading cause of death among firefighters is sudden cardiac event, and it is acknowledged that most ischemic events are due to an occlusive thrombus formation. In addition, due to the demanding job requirements and shift work, firefighters are commonly known to overuse caffeine as an ergogenic aid. The purposes of this study were to examine the potential effects of caffeine on the hemostatic response to simulated firefighting activity.
The Effect Of Oral Contraceptives On Caffeine Metabolism And Cycling Performance, Annette M. Lemanski
The Effect Of Oral Contraceptives On Caffeine Metabolism And Cycling Performance, Annette M. Lemanski
Showcase of Graduate Student Scholarship and Creative Activities
This project objectives were to determine the effects of oral contraceptives and menstrual cycle on the benefits of caffeine supplementation for cycling performance. Seventeen recreationally trained female cyclists completed four trials consisting of 3 kilometer time trials. Subjects ingested either caffeine or a placebo one hour prior to each trial. The magnitude of the ergogenic aid of caffeine was compared between oral contraceptive users and eumenorreheic females. In addition, the effect of caffeine was compared across different phases of the menstrual cycle, specifically the follicular and luteal phases.
Effects Of Environmental Temperature On Aerobic Training Adaptations, Katherine Marshall
Effects Of Environmental Temperature On Aerobic Training Adaptations, Katherine Marshall
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
BACKGROUND: Previously we have demonstrated acute effects of endurance exercise in different environmental temperatures. However, training within these temperatures has not been examined. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of exercise training in different environmental temperatures on aerobic capacity, body composition, heart rate, sweat rate, core, and skin temperature. METHODS: Thirty-six recreationally trained males made 18 visits to the lab and performed a 3-week cycling training protocol in either a 7°C, 20°C, or 33°C environment. Aerobic capacity, body composition, heart rate, sweat rate, core, and skin temperature were measured before and after the acclimation period. During …
Physiological Response To Exercise With Naturally-Occurring Carbon Dioxide Exposure, Megan Johnson
Physiological Response To Exercise With Naturally-Occurring Carbon Dioxide Exposure, Megan Johnson
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a normal part in gas exchange and acid-base equilibrium in the human body. With added stress or exposure, CO2 levels can accumulate in the blood and tissues, causing hypercapnia. Research has shown that exposure to CO2 at 4% or 40,000 ppm will cause cardio-respiratory changes, both at rest and during exercise. Lower levels may still cause changes under conditions of added stress, but this has not been elucidated. Preliminary data from our laboratory chamber suggests physiological changes at levels of CO2 reaching 0.08% or 8,000 ppm during experiments with exercising …
The Effects Of Swimming Training On Arterial Stiffness, Muscular Strength And Cardiorespiratory Endurance In Postmenopausal Women With Stage 2 Hypertension, Steven Scott
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Objective:
Aging is associated with progressive decreases in arterial health and function as well as overall fitness. It is crucial to prevent or reduce the negative effects of aging on vasculature and fitness components by implementing appropriate lifestyle interventions, such as exercise training. We examined the effects of a swimming (SWM) regimen on arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV), blood pressure (BP), wave reflection (AIx), muscle strength and aerobic capacity in postmenopausal women with stage 2 hypertension.
Methods:
Using a parallel experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to either a SWM (n=52) or non-exercising control group (n=48) for 20 weeks. …
Effect Of Local Cold Application During Exercise On Mitochondrial Gene Expression, Ben Meister
Effect Of Local Cold Application During Exercise On Mitochondrial Gene Expression, Ben Meister
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
BACKGROUND: Different modes of exercise and temperatures can elicit different responses in mitochondrial gene expression. Stresses including exercise and cold exposure act to trigger the transcription of genes associated with mitochondrial growth (biogenesis). Traditional endurance exercise is known to have a potent effect on mitochondrial growth biogenesis. However, limited knowledge exists on the effect of local cold application during endurance exercise. Additionally, it is currently unknown how cold exposure impacts mitochondrial breakdown (mitophagy). PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of local muscle cooling during endurance exercise on human skeletal muscle gene expression related to …
Effects Of 7°C Environmental Temperature During A 3-Week Training Period, Robert J. Shute
Effects Of 7°C Environmental Temperature During A 3-Week Training Period, Robert J. Shute
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Approximately three weeks is required for cold temperature acclimation to occur. However, the effects of cold temperature acclimation on fitness and performance remain unknown. Purpose: To determine the impact of cold environmental temperature on training adaptations, fitness measurements, and aerobic performance. Methods: Two groups of twelve inactive male subjects completed 1-hour of cycling in fourteen temperature acclimation trials of either a cold (7°C) or room temperature (20°C) environmental temperature. A performance trial and tolerance trial occurred pre- and post-acclimation. The performance trials assessed VO2peak and body composition. Skin and core temperature were recorded during the 1-hour tolerance trials. Tympanic …
Skeletal Muscle Mitophagy In Response To Cold Exposure During Exercise, Megan Vande Hei
Skeletal Muscle Mitophagy In Response To Cold Exposure During Exercise, Megan Vande Hei
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
BACKGROUND: The signaling pathways generated during exercise elicit mitochondrial adaptation, which includes both biogenesis and removal of damaged mitochondria (also known as mitophagy). It has been established that training followed by cold exposure alters the transcription of genes associated with mitochondrial growth and division. However, it is currently unknown whether temperature intervention during exercise influences the mRNA expression of genes associated with mitophagy, which is essential to maintaining the quality of this organelle. PURPOSE: To determine the expression of PINK1, PARK2, BNIP3, and BNIP3L mRNA following exercise in a cold environmental temperature with recovery at room temperature compared to exercise …
Mechanism Of Nitric Oxide Induced Sympatholysis In Rat Soleus Feed Arteries, Madelyn Whitaker, Jeffrey Jasperse, Tanner Heckle
Mechanism Of Nitric Oxide Induced Sympatholysis In Rat Soleus Feed Arteries, Madelyn Whitaker, Jeffrey Jasperse, Tanner Heckle
Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium
During exercise, the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) binds to arterial adrenergic receptors to cause vasoconstriction, yet arteries and arterioles constrict less to sympathetic stimulation in contracting compared to resting skeletal muscle (sympatholysis). Previous evidence indicates that nitric oxide (NO) can be sympatholytic, but the mechanism is unknown. We hypothesized that NO causes sympatholysis in rat soleus muscle feed arteries, that NO is released from vascular endothelial cells by increased shear stress, and that NO acts through a guanylyl cyclase intracellular signaling pathway. Soleus feed arteries (n = 12 per group) were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats and cannulated on two glass …
Crae Training Reduces Insulin Resistance And Central Adiposity In Obese Adolescent Females, Rebecca Cuthbert
Crae Training Reduces Insulin Resistance And Central Adiposity In Obese Adolescent Females, Rebecca Cuthbert
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
CRAE Training Reduces Insulin Resistance and Central Adiposity in Obese Adolescent Females
Rebecca Cuthbert, Leena P Bharath, William W Choi, Jae-min Cho, Alexus A Skobodzinski, Alexei Wong, Ty E Sweeney, Dustin Slivka, Song-Young Park University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
Exercise training is recommended for maintaining health and reducing the risks of developing metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies. Combined resistance and aerobic exercise (CRAE) training has been utilized to decrease metabolic risk factors in obese adults. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of CRAE on obese adolescent females with hyperinsulinemia. METHODS: Forty obese adolescent females aged 14.7 ± 1 years (BMI …
Effects Of Hypobaric And Normobaric Hypoxia On Heart Rate And Blood Oxygen Saturation, Madison Brooks Coleman
Effects Of Hypobaric And Normobaric Hypoxia On Heart Rate And Blood Oxygen Saturation, Madison Brooks Coleman
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
There has been recent debate on the difference in physiological response between exposure to normobaric hypoxia (oxygen fraction altered) and hypobaric hypoxia (barometric pressure altered). Purpose: To determine the effects of normobaric normoxia (NN), hypobaric hypoxia (HH), and normobaric hypoxia (NH) on heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) after exercise. Methods: Fifteen recreationally active participants (eight males and seven females) completed three separate 1 h cycling bouts at 70% of their peak aerobic capacity. Following each trial, participants recovered in the supine position for 4 h in NN (975 m), HH (4420 m), or NH (4420 m). …
Oxygen Transport In Normobaric Versus Hypobaric Hypoxia, Christina N. Angeli
Oxygen Transport In Normobaric Versus Hypobaric Hypoxia, Christina N. Angeli
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
BACKGROUND: Various physiological changes occur in the human body when ascending to altitude. Exposure to hypoxia increases heart rate and decreases arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), with both changes being expedited during exercise. Incremental exercise in ambient conditions decreases muscle oxygenation, specifically with increasing intensity. Previous research has examined heart rate and SaO2 in response to normobaric versus hypobaric hypoxia. However, there is lack of research examining muscle oxygenation in response to these conditions. Therefore, additional research investigating acute responses to normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia during exercise is warranted. PURPOSE: To examine acute responses in arterial and muscle …
Human Stress Protein Response To Exercise And The Environment, Rebecca Cuthbert
Human Stress Protein Response To Exercise And The Environment, Rebecca Cuthbert
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Stress proteins are molecular chaperones that protect cells from the damaging effects that can be caused by exercise and environmental changes. Cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) and RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) protect cells from mild hypothermia and hypoxia. They allow cells to rapidly respond to environmental stresses by regulating gene expression. Heat shock proteins 27, 70, and 90 protect skeletal tissue from exercise and heat stress. They accelerate cellular repair and prevent misfolding of proteins. These proteins, especially CIRP and RBM3, have been studied in cell cultures and animal models, but limited data exist in humans. Purpose: To …
Responses Of Appetite And Appetite Regulating Hormones To Acute Altitude Exposure, Morgan Busboom
Responses Of Appetite And Appetite Regulating Hormones To Acute Altitude Exposure, Morgan Busboom
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
PURPOSE: To determine the acute response of appetite and appetite regulating hormones after exposure to simulated altitude in resting conditions. METHODS: Seven male and six female recreationally active subjects (height 178±8.1cm, weight: 77.3±24.8kg, body fat: 18.4±5.7%) participated in two, three-hour trials in an environmental chamber with one trial simulating 5000 m altitude (hypoxic) and the other simulating 350 m altitude (control). Blood samples from the antecubital vein were collected prior to entering the environmental chamber and immediately following the three hours of seated rest. Blood samples were analyzed for serum leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin concentrations via enzyme-linked immunosorbent …
Effects Of Normobaric And Hypobaric Hypoxia On Mitochondrial Related Gene Expression, Robert J. Shute
Effects Of Normobaric And Hypobaric Hypoxia On Mitochondrial Related Gene Expression, Robert J. Shute
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Environmental stimuli such as temperature and hypoxia can influence cellular signaling in the skeletal muscle. Previously we have reported no changes in gene expression related to mitochondrial development with acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia. However, exposure to hypobaric hypoxia may elicit different physiological responses. Purpose: To determine the response of skeletal muscle mitochondrial related gene expression after 4 h of exposure to normobaric normoxia (NN), normobaric hypoxia (NH), and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) after exercise. Methods: Recreationally trained participants (8 male, 7 female) each completed three trials of 1-h cycling at 70% of Wmax. Following exercise, participants sat in …
Serum Comp And The Inflammatory Environment Of The Knee Before And After Exercise-Induced Load, Alyssa Evans, Robert D. Hyldahl, Sarah T. Ridge, Sunku Kwon, Ty J. Hopkins, Eric R. Robinson, Matthew K. Seeley
Serum Comp And The Inflammatory Environment Of The Knee Before And After Exercise-Induced Load, Alyssa Evans, Robert D. Hyldahl, Sarah T. Ridge, Sunku Kwon, Ty J. Hopkins, Eric R. Robinson, Matthew K. Seeley
Biomedical Engineering Western Regional Conference
The purpose of this study was to determine how accurately serum COMP represents inflammatory cytokine levels, within the knee, before and after exercise.
Cytokines included: GM-CSF, IFNa2, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-1ra, IL1b, IL1a, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-1b and IL-17.
Is There A Relationship Between Physical Inactivity And Visceral Fat Accumulation In Pregnant Women?, Ashlyn R. Showalter, Danielle Brown
Is There A Relationship Between Physical Inactivity And Visceral Fat Accumulation In Pregnant Women?, Ashlyn R. Showalter, Danielle Brown
Symposium of Student Scholars
Association of Physical Inactivity with Visceral Fat Accumulation in Pregnant Women
Ashlyn Showalter, Danielle Brown
Introduction: Abdominal obesity is associated with chronic diseases such as obesity and coronary artery disease (1). Abdominal (or visceral) fat is strongly correlated with an inactive and sedentary lifestyle. Recent research shows that pregnancy is associated with high levels of visceral fat beyond appropriate levels; however, no studies have linked them with physical inactivity. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between physical inactivity and high visceral fat accumulation in pregnancy.
Methods:
•We recruited eleven pregnant women who are currently in …
Chairing Transition: Leading A Department Through A Merger, David M. Keller
Chairing Transition: Leading A Department Through A Merger, David M. Keller
Academic Chairpersons Conference Proceedings
This session will focus discussion on the impact of merging pre-existing departments and/or colleges to form a new entity on Chair leadership strategies. Participants will discuss factors to be considered to ensure successful transition for the department and maximize growth in the new entity.