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Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health

United States Patent, Patent No: Us9897572, Mahsa Karbaschi, Marcus Cooke, Shekhar Bhansali, Pratikkumar Shah Feb 2018

United States Patent, Patent No: Us9897572, Mahsa Karbaschi, Marcus Cooke, Shekhar Bhansali, Pratikkumar Shah

Dr. Marcus S. Cooke PhD, FRCPath

Apparatuses and associated methods for manipulating an assembly of glass slides employed in cellular assay processes are provided. Each apparatus can accommodate at least one removable rack of slides to undergo electrophoresis in a comet assay. The slides can remain in the same apparatus while being subjected to a sequence of fluid staining and washing with temperature control, advantageously shortening the amount of time required for processing the slides by keeping them in the same work station for the entire duration of the assay.


Heat, Disparities, And Health Outcomes In San Diego County’S Diverse Climate Zones, Kirsten Guirguis, Rupa Basu, Wael K. Al-Delaimy, Tarik Benmarhnia, Rachel Es Clemesha, Isabel Corcos, Janin Guzman-Morales, Brittany Hailey, Ivory Small, Alexander Tardy, Devesh Vashishtha, Joshua Graff Zivin, Alexander Gershunov Dec 2017

Heat, Disparities, And Health Outcomes In San Diego County’S Diverse Climate Zones, Kirsten Guirguis, Rupa Basu, Wael K. Al-Delaimy, Tarik Benmarhnia, Rachel Es Clemesha, Isabel Corcos, Janin Guzman-Morales, Brittany Hailey, Ivory Small, Alexander Tardy, Devesh Vashishtha, Joshua Graff Zivin, Alexander Gershunov

Joshua Graff Zivin

Climate variability and change are issues of growing public health importance. Numerous studies have documented risks of extreme heat on human health in different locations around the world. Strategies to prevent heat-related morbidity and reduce disparities are possible but require improved knowledge of health outcomes during hot days at a small-scale level as important within-city variability in local weather conditions, socio-demographic composition, and access to air conditioning (AC) may exist. We analyzed hospitalization data for three unique climate regions of San Diego County alongside temperature data spanning 14 years to quantify the health impact of ambient air temperature at varying …


Assessing Public Health Burden Associated With Exposure To Ambient Black Carbon In The United States, Ying Li, Daven K. Henze, Darby Jack, Barron H. Henderson, Patrick L. Kinney Apr 2017

Assessing Public Health Burden Associated With Exposure To Ambient Black Carbon In The United States, Ying Li, Daven K. Henze, Darby Jack, Barron H. Henderson, Patrick L. Kinney

Ying Li

Black carbon (BC) is a significant component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution, which has been linked to a series of adverse health effects, in particular premature mortality. Recent scientific research indicates that BC also plays an important role in climate change. Therefore, controlling black carbon emissions provides an opportunity for a double dividend. This study quantifies the national burden of mortality and morbidity attributable to exposure to ambient BC in the United States (US). We use GEOS–Chem, a global 3-D model of atmospheric composition to estimate the 2010 annual average BC levels at 0.5 x 0.667° resolution, and …


Environmental Res. Bernard Singleton 2016 .Pdf, Joy Semien Dec 2016

Environmental Res. Bernard Singleton 2016 .Pdf, Joy Semien

Joy Semien

The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was the largest maritime oil spill in history
resulting in the accumulation of genotoxic substances in the air, soil, and water. This has potential far-
reaching health impacts on cleanup field workers and on the populations living in the contaminated
coastal areas. We have employed portable airborne particulate matter samplers (SKC Biosampler Im-
pinger) and a genetically engineered bacterial reporter system (umu-ChromoTest from EBPI) to de-
termine levels of genotoxicity of air samples collected from highly contaminated areas of coastal
Louisiana including Grand Isle, Port Fourchon, and Elmer's Island …


‘Wannabe Toxic-Free?’ From Precautionary Consumption To Corporeal Citizenship, Dayna Scott, Jennie Haw, Robyn Lee Nov 2016

‘Wannabe Toxic-Free?’ From Precautionary Consumption To Corporeal Citizenship, Dayna Scott, Jennie Haw, Robyn Lee

Dayna N. Scott

Ecological citizens are increasingly encouraged to adopt ‘precautionary consumption’ – a set of practices aimed at shielding them from the potential health harms of exposures to everyday toxics. The utility and the effects of precautionary consumption in relation to common chemical exposures are investigated. Precautionary consumption is not only of questionable utility, but is fundamentally misguided as an approach for inspiring antitoxics organizing. The failure of this approach is in part due to its assumption of a naturally bounded, autonomous individual who is able to maintain an impermeable boundary between herself and the environment. Drawing on the work of material …


Β-Thujaplicin: A Soil Antifungal, Dennis J. Baumgardner Feb 2016

Β-Thujaplicin: A Soil Antifungal, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Dennis J. Baumgardner, MD

Background: β-thujaplicin (β-Th), also known as hinokitiol, naturally occurs in cedar mulch, is found in personal care products and has in vitro antitumor activities. It is antibacterial and antifungal, but has not been tested on soil. Scedosporium apiospermum (Sce) is an emerging “extremophile” fungal pathogen found in built outdoor environments. Purpose: Pilot β-Th as “natural” soil antimicrobial or for isolation of extremophiles, and to explore β-Th resistance as selective advantage to Sce in mulched landscape. Methods: A variety of outdoor and indoor environments were used for 2 sets of 24 paired soil samples. Soil/H20 slurry (0.1 ml) was spread on …


The Shellfish Corner -- Water Quality And Culture Of Shellfish In Prohibited Waters, Michael A. Rice Jan 2016

The Shellfish Corner -- Water Quality And Culture Of Shellfish In Prohibited Waters, Michael A. Rice

Michael A Rice

In the United States, water quality standards for shellfishing and shellfish aquaculture waters have been governed since 1925 by the National Shellfish Sanitation Program (NSSP) first administered by the United States Public Health Service. With the greater popularity of aquacultured shellfish in the United States and the growth of market demand, seed availability is cited as one of the most pressing issues for the industry. The early recognition by ISSC of shellfish seed under certain conditions as being exempt from NSSP water quality classification requirements has already removed one of the largest regulatory barriers to expansion of seed production in …


Tables On Black Alone Population In The Us States _ Geography States _ 2000 To 2020, Michael A. Rodriguez Ph.D., Joy Semien Jun 2015

Tables On Black Alone Population In The Us States _ Geography States _ 2000 To 2020, Michael A. Rodriguez Ph.D., Joy Semien

Joy Semien

Information demonstrates black alone population based on 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2020 predictions.


Mohammed Madai: Significance Of The Earth Day, Ubuntu Institute Students Apr 2015

Mohammed Madai: Significance Of The Earth Day, Ubuntu Institute Students

Ubuntu Institute Students

One may ask himself: What is the significance of Earth Day? Mohammed Madai explores the significance of this day to our daily lives


Study On The Demolition Waste Management In Malaysia Construction Industry, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Gunalaan Vasudevan Mar 2015

Study On The Demolition Waste Management In Malaysia Construction Industry, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Gunalaan Vasudevan

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

The Malaysia construction industry generates a large quantity of construction and demolition waste nowadays. In the handbook for demolition work only comprised small portion of demolition waste management. It is important to study and determine the ways to provide a practical guide for the professional in the building industry about handling the demolition waste. In general, demolition defined as tearing down or wrecking of structural work or architectural work of the building and other infrastructures work such as road, bridge and etc. It’s a common misconception that demolition is nothing more than taking down a structure and carrying the debris …


Use Of Geographical Information Systems To Identify Counties In Georgia With High Risk For Childhood Lead Poisoning, R. Christopher Rustin, Christy Kuriatnyk, Byron Lobsinger, Simone Charles Dec 2014

Use Of Geographical Information Systems To Identify Counties In Georgia With High Risk For Childhood Lead Poisoning, R. Christopher Rustin, Christy Kuriatnyk, Byron Lobsinger, Simone Charles

R. Christopher Rustin

Background: For children in Georgia, lead poisoning is a substantial public health problem. Primary risk factors include low socioeconomic status and poor-quality housing built prior to 1978. The Environmental Health Team of the Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) utilized geographical information system (GIS) technology and census housing data to identify counties in which children have high risk for lead poisoning. The purpose of this research was to update and refine previous maps developed with older technology and on a different geographic scale so that targeted public health interventions can be developed.

Methods: Data related to stratified and …


An Evaluation Of The Us High Production Volume (Hpv) Chemical-Testing Programme: A Study In (Ir)Relevance, Redundancy And Retro Thinking, Andrew Nicholson, Jessica Sandler, Troy Seidle Dec 2014

An Evaluation Of The Us High Production Volume (Hpv) Chemical-Testing Programme: A Study In (Ir)Relevance, Redundancy And Retro Thinking, Andrew Nicholson, Jessica Sandler, Troy Seidle

Troy Seidle, PhD

Under the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Programme, chemical companies have volunteered to conduct screening-level toxicity tests on approximately 2800 widely-used industrial chemicals. Participating companies are committed to providing available toxicity information to the EPA and presenting testing proposals for review by the EPA and posting on the EPA Web site as public information. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and a coalition of animal protection organisations have reviewed all the test plans submitted by the participating chemical companies for compliance with the original HPV framework, as well as with animal welfare guidelines …


Engaging Communities To Identify And Address Environmental Health Literacy Gaps, Anna G. Hoover Nov 2014

Engaging Communities To Identify And Address Environmental Health Literacy Gaps, Anna G. Hoover

Anna G. Hoover

Frequently, decisions about the informational components and delivery mechanisms required to promote effective environmental health literacy are made by such technical experts as toxicologists, chemists, and communication scientists. However, because sensemaking processes are both retrospective and collective, context must be a central component for understanding the particular information needs of communities and stakeholder groups. Individual assessments of and tolerance for environmental health risks are rooted in past and present experiences that are understood, refined, and reinforced through dialogue with others who have shared similar experiences. Thus, the promotion of environmental health literacy requires formative engagement with communities and stakeholders to …


Lead Exposure From Aluminum Cookware In Cameroon, Jeffrey D. Weidenhamer, Peter A. Lobunski, Gilbert Kuepouo, Rebecca W. Corbin, Perry Gottesfeld Oct 2014

Lead Exposure From Aluminum Cookware In Cameroon, Jeffrey D. Weidenhamer, Peter A. Lobunski, Gilbert Kuepouo, Rebecca W. Corbin, Perry Gottesfeld

Jeffrey D. Weidenhamer

Blood lead levels have decreased following the removal of lead from gasoline in most of the world. However, numerous recent studies provide evidence that elevated blood lead levels persist in many low and middle-income countries around the world at much higher prevalence than in the more developed countries. One potential source of lead exposure that has not been widely investigated is the leaching of lead from artisanal aluminum cookware, which is commonly used in the developing world. Twenty-nine samples of aluminum cookware and utensils manufactured by local artisans in Cameroon were collected and analyzed for their potential to release lead …


Wind Power And Air Quality: Reducing Air Pollution And Carbon Emissions In Michigan, Erik Edward Nordman, Jon Vandermolen Mar 2014

Wind Power And Air Quality: Reducing Air Pollution And Carbon Emissions In Michigan, Erik Edward Nordman, Jon Vandermolen

Erik Edward Nordman

No abstract provided.


20 Things You Can Do To Conserve Energy In 2015, Lissa Coffey Feb 2014

20 Things You Can Do To Conserve Energy In 2015, Lissa Coffey

LissaCoffey

Energy is lost when air conditioners and hot-air furnaces have to work harder to draw air through dirty filters. Cleaning/replacing a dirty air conditioner filter can save 5 percent of the energy used. That could save 175 pounds of CO2.air filters can save your company up to 30% of your total HVAC energy spend and last twice as long as traditional air filters. Also your company will benefit from significantly reduced installation labor costs and waste disposal costs. In the average commercial building, 50% of the energy bill is for the HVAC system and 30% of that is directly related …


Transmission Of Ranavirus Between Ectothermic Vertebrate Hosts, R Brenes, Matt J. Gray, T B. Waltzek, Rebecca P. Wilkes, Debra L. Miller Jan 2014

Transmission Of Ranavirus Between Ectothermic Vertebrate Hosts, R Brenes, Matt J. Gray, T B. Waltzek, Rebecca P. Wilkes, Debra L. Miller

Debra L Miller

Transmission is an essential process that contributes to the survival of pathogens. Ranaviruses are known to infect different classes of lower vertebrates including amphibians, fishes and reptiles. Differences in the likelihood of infection among ectothermic vertebrate hosts could explain the successful yearlong persistence of ranaviruses in aquatic environments. The goal of this study was to determine if transmission of a Frog Virus 3 (FV3)-like ranavirus was possible among three species from different ectothermic vertebrate classes: Cope's gray treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis) larvae, mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis), and red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans). We housed individuals previously exposed to the FV3-like ranavirus …


Microbes In Pool Filter Backwash As Evidence Of The Need For Improved Swimmer Hygiene — Metro-Atlanta, Georgia, 2012, Christopher Hutcheson, Ryan Cira, Stanley L. Gaines, Kevin R. Jones, Walter Howard, David Hornsby, Maurice Redmond, R. Christopher Rustin, Michele C. Hlavsa, Jennifer L. Murphy, Jothikumar Narayanan, Candace D. Miller, Brittany Cantrell, Vincent R. Hill, Michael J. Beach May 2013

Microbes In Pool Filter Backwash As Evidence Of The Need For Improved Swimmer Hygiene — Metro-Atlanta, Georgia, 2012, Christopher Hutcheson, Ryan Cira, Stanley L. Gaines, Kevin R. Jones, Walter Howard, David Hornsby, Maurice Redmond, R. Christopher Rustin, Michele C. Hlavsa, Jennifer L. Murphy, Jothikumar Narayanan, Candace D. Miller, Brittany Cantrell, Vincent R. Hill, Michael J. Beach

R. Christopher Rustin

Abstract not available.


National Poll- Carbon Footprints? Environmentally Conscious Americans Not Measuring Up, Enda Mcgovern Jan 2013

National Poll- Carbon Footprints? Environmentally Conscious Americans Not Measuring Up, Enda Mcgovern

Enda McGovern

According to Dr. McGovern, “In order to take the corrective action necessary to reduce the effects of global warming, the public needs to accept their role in regard to the lifestyle choices they make on a daily basis. This survey provides evidence that this is clearly occurring.”


Could You Repeat That Please? Forty-Five Years Of Testing Pesticides On People, Barbara R. Leiterman Esq. Jan 2013

Could You Repeat That Please? Forty-Five Years Of Testing Pesticides On People, Barbara R. Leiterman Esq.

Barbara R. Leiterman Esq.

Little has been published in the literature about pesticide experiments conducted on human subjects. Yet there were at least twenty-two tests between 1967 and 2011 in which people were intentionally exposed to specific doses of pesticides. Almost all of these experiments violated scientific ethics and human rights. This article aims to describe those tests and their shortcomings, and explore the laws and regulations that incentivize such human experimentation. Ironically, as the public desire for pesticide safety increases, so does the industry’s motivation to test pesticides on people. Bringing these pesticide experiments to light, expanding the public discourse on the subject …


An Assessment Of The Effects Of Desertification In Yobe State, Nigeria, Jibril Musa Phd Dec 2012

An Assessment Of The Effects Of Desertification In Yobe State, Nigeria, Jibril Musa Phd

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

Desertification is one of the most serious environmental and socio-economic problems of our time. Desertification describes circumstances of land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions resulting from the climatic variation and human activities. The fundamental goal of this thesis was to assess the effects of desertification in Yobe State, Nigeria. The present threat of desertification in the sahel has reached an alarming stage where crops cultivation and animal rearing/grazing are no more productive, soil has lost its nutrient/fertility, various infrastructure had given way because of windstorm from the neighbouring Niger Republic and sand dunes had taken over. The …


Using Remote Sensing Data To Improve Rice Production In Kutigi, Niger State, Nigeria, Jibril Musa Phd, M B. Yunusa Dec 2012

Using Remote Sensing Data To Improve Rice Production In Kutigi, Niger State, Nigeria, Jibril Musa Phd, M B. Yunusa

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

This research work looked in the used of Remote Sensing to improve Agricultural production in Kutigi, Niger State. The aim of the study is to use remote sensing to improve rice farming activities in Kutigi, Niger State. It is very important to identify such methods to improve Agricultural production because experts are always interested in new researches and findings to better the standard of living in any environment. In view of this, Remotely-sensed data could be used or employed to elevate most of these agricultural problems in Kutigi through the following objectives: Using Landsat imagery to assess the present landuse …


Environews #1, Richard B. Philp Nov 2012

Environews #1, Richard B. Philp

Richard B. Philp

Environews #1 is, hopefuly, the first of a series dealing with current issues of environmental concern. This issue discusses the possible role of climate change in the massive floods that followed hurricane sandy, depletion of the world's fish stocks, the possible role, bothe positive and negative, of aquaculture, and the trend to seek oil in increasingly environmentally dangerous venues.


Variations In Climatic Parameters And Food Crop Yields: Implications On Food Security In Benue State, Nigeria., Emmanuel Adamgbe, Fanan Ujoh Oct 2012

Variations In Climatic Parameters And Food Crop Yields: Implications On Food Security In Benue State, Nigeria., Emmanuel Adamgbe, Fanan Ujoh

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

Agricultural production in Nigeria like in other developing countries is highly vulnerable to variations in climatic parameters which may have inverse or direct effect on the performance of food crops. This paper examines the patterns and trends of the variations in the climatic parameters and the implications of such variations on efficient yield rates of some food crops in Benue State using data on climatic variables (rainfall, temperature, sunshine) and the yield of some crops per hectare for 25 years (1986-2010). Data on the climatic variables were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, AirForce Base, Makurdi while the data on …


Experimental Validation Of The Multiple-Zone System Ventilation Efficiency Equation Of Ansi/Ashrae Standard 62.1 (1276-Rp), David P. Yuill, Grenville K. Yuill, Andrew H. Coward May 2012

Experimental Validation Of The Multiple-Zone System Ventilation Efficiency Equation Of Ansi/Ashrae Standard 62.1 (1276-Rp), David P. Yuill, Grenville K. Yuill, Andrew H. Coward

David Yuill

This article describes an experiment that was carried out on an existing building to test the validity of the system ventilation efficiency equation for multiple-zone recirculating systems of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1. The system ventilation efficiency equation (SVEE) can be applied to buildings that use a recirculating air distribution system. It accounts for the fact that the return air carries some “unused” outdoor air, so that the amount of new outdoor air introduced at the air handler can be reduced. The SVEE is based on a mass balance but infiltration and interzonal mixing are not included in the formulation. Since infiltration …


Dynamics Of Land Use/Land Cover Changes And Its Implication On Food Security In Anyigba, North Central, Nigeria, Tokula E. Arome, Sunday P. Ejaro (Phd) May 2012

Dynamics Of Land Use/Land Cover Changes And Its Implication On Food Security In Anyigba, North Central, Nigeria, Tokula E. Arome, Sunday P. Ejaro (Phd)

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

This study assessed land use/land cover changes and its effect on Agricultural land in Anyigba. The objectives were to identify and delineate different land use / land cover categories, assess the rate of change that occurred and examine the impact of land use/land cover change on food security using satellite remote sensing data collected at three different years (1987 Land sat TM, 2001 Land Sat TM and 2011 Land Sat ETM). The study utilized GIS software such as Idrisi Andes academic and ArcGIS 9.3. The study area covers approximately 31.8km2, and four major land use/cover classes were utilized (built up, …


Socio-Economic Effects Of Demolishing Squatter Settlements And Illegal Structures In Abuja Metropolis, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Ishaku Iy Mallo Phd, Victor G. Obasanya Jan 2012

Socio-Economic Effects Of Demolishing Squatter Settlements And Illegal Structures In Abuja Metropolis, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Ishaku Iy Mallo Phd, Victor G. Obasanya

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

Abuja the Federal Capital Territory and study area is located between latitudes 8o25’ and 9o25’ North of the Equator and longitudes 6o45’ and 7o45’ East of the Greenwich Meridian. The study was carried out in Abuja Phase 1, and it is aimed at highlighting various socioeconomic effects of demolition of illegal structures and informal or squatter settlements on the people within the study area. Data was collected through reconnaissance survey, personal interviews with respondents, and a well laid out questionnaire. The results indicate that the demolition exercise embarked upon by the authorities in the Federal Capital Territory was a response …


Rainfall Variability And Crop Zones Classification For The Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Shaibu M. Hassan Phd Jan 2012

Rainfall Variability And Crop Zones Classification For The Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Shaibu M. Hassan Phd

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

This study aims at analyzing agro-climatological parameters and establishing a link between some selected agro-climatological indices and sustainability of agricultural production in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Two sets of data, climatic and crop yield data were collected and subjected to various agro-climatological analyses. Agro-climatological analyses include the derivation of Onset, Cessation and Length of Rainy Season (LRS), Seasonality Index, Drought Index and Precipitation Periodicity Index. The statistical analyses include monthly and annual means, deviation from the mean, trend line. The result of moisture index in line with crops optimum moisture requirement was used to classify the Territory into agro-climatic …


History Of Pharmaceuticals And Endocrine Disruptors In The Food And Water Supply, Jody Vogelzang Dec 2011

History Of Pharmaceuticals And Endocrine Disruptors In The Food And Water Supply, Jody Vogelzang

Jody L Vogelzang PhD, RDN, FAND, CHES

Pure food and water have been legislated in the United Sates since 1906 with the passing of the Pure Food and Drug Act. In spite of regulations and enforcement, unintentional additives are still a part of our food and water supply. This paper addresses the issue of pharmaceutical residues and chemicals which act as endocrine disruptors found in the food and water supply in the US.


Assessment Of Organic And Inorganic Phosphorus In Soils Derived From Cretaceous Sediments And Basement Complex Soils Of Guinea Savannah Of Kogi State, North Central Nigeria, Sunday I. Amhakhian, H H. Isitekhale, Charles I. Oyewole Aug 2011

Assessment Of Organic And Inorganic Phosphorus In Soils Derived From Cretaceous Sediments And Basement Complex Soils Of Guinea Savannah Of Kogi State, North Central Nigeria, Sunday I. Amhakhian, H H. Isitekhale, Charles I. Oyewole

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

A pot experiment was carried out using 20 surface soils (0-15cm depth) in 2008 to assess soil organic phosphorus and some fraction of inorganic phosphorus in other to know their availability in the soils of the studied area and also work have not been done in this areas in respect to organic and in-organic phosphorus. The experiment was conducted using 20 soils 10 from each geological formation (Cretaceous sediments and Basement complex soils), respectively. The mean organic phosphorus of 63.51 mgkg 1 soil was obtained for Cretaceous sediment soils and 158.54 mgkg 1 soil for the basement complex soils respectively. …