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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) Life-Stage Risks From Foliar And Seed-Treatment Insecticides, Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Melanie E. Aust, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) Life-Stage Risks From Foliar And Seed-Treatment Insecticides, Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Melanie E. Aust, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works
Conservation of North America's eastern monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) population would require establishment of milkweed (Asclepias spp.) and nectar plants in the agricultural landscapes of the north central United States. A variety of seed-treatment and foliar insecticides are used to manage early- and late-season pests in these landscapes. Thus, there is a need to assess risks of these insecticides to monarch butterfly life stages to inform habitat conservation practices. Chronic and acute dietary toxicity studies were undertaken with larvae and adults, and acute topical bioassays were conducted with eggs, pupae, and adults using 6 representative insecticides: beta-cyfluthrin …
Assessing Field-Scale Risks Of Foliar Insecticide Applications To Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) Larvae, Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Keith G. Bidne, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Assessing Field-Scale Risks Of Foliar Insecticide Applications To Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) Larvae, Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Keith G. Bidne, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works
Establishment and maintenance of milkweed plants (Asclepias spp.) in agricultural landscapes of the north central United States are needed to reverse the decline of North America's eastern monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) population. Because of a lack of toxicity data, it is unclear how insecticide use may reduce monarch productivity when milkweed habitat is placed near maize and soybean fields. To assess the potential effects of foliar insecticides, acute cuticular and dietary toxicity of 5 representative active ingredients were determined: beta-cyfluthrin (pyrethroid), chlorantraniliprole (anthranilic diamide), chlorpyrifos (organophosphate), and imidacloprid and thiamethoxam (neonicotinoids). Cuticular median lethal dose values for …
Development Of A Hybrid Bayesian Network Model For Predicting Acute Fish Toxicity Using Multiple Lines Of Evidence, S. Jannicke Moe, Anders L. Madsen, Kristin A. Connors, Jane M. Rawlings, Scott E. Belanger, Wayne G. Landis, Raoul Wolf, Adam D. Lillicrap
Development Of A Hybrid Bayesian Network Model For Predicting Acute Fish Toxicity Using Multiple Lines Of Evidence, S. Jannicke Moe, Anders L. Madsen, Kristin A. Connors, Jane M. Rawlings, Scott E. Belanger, Wayne G. Landis, Raoul Wolf, Adam D. Lillicrap
IETC Publications
A hybrid Bayesian network (BN) was developed for predicting the acute toxicity of chemicals to fish, using data from fish embryo toxicity (FET) testing in combination with other information. This model can support the use of FET data in a Weight-of-Evidence (WOE) approach for replacing the use of juvenile fish. The BN predicted correct toxicity intervals for 69%–80% of the tested substances. The model was most sensitive to components quantified by toxicity data, and least sensitive to components quantified by expert knowledge. The model is publicly available through a web interface. Further development of this model should include additional lines …
A Review Of Human Factors And Food Safety In Ireland, Ciara Walsh, Maria Chiara Leva
A Review Of Human Factors And Food Safety In Ireland, Ciara Walsh, Maria Chiara Leva
Articles
Increased product shelf-life and globalisation have led to longer and vastly more complicated food chains; potentially presenting greater opportunity for contamination and microbial growth to occur. Modern food safety management systems risk assess hazards (based on current scientific data) and strive to control these, often extensive and convoluted, food production/supply chains through appropriate good hygiene practices (GHP) and HACCP. Contamination of food as a result of human error can undermine even the most carefully prepared and executed HACCP system – culminating in foodborne infection, outbreaks, reputable damage, and erosion of consumer trust. This paper provides a review on the effect …
Development And Application Of Aquatic Toxicology Studies For The Assessment Of Impacts Due To Chemical Stressors Using Non-Standard Indigenous Organisms, Abraham Jeffrey Smith
Development And Application Of Aquatic Toxicology Studies For The Assessment Of Impacts Due To Chemical Stressors Using Non-Standard Indigenous Organisms, Abraham Jeffrey Smith
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Research in the multidisciplinary science of ecotoxicology is crucial to assess injuries to ecosystem resources from chemical spills or other stressors used to support environmental decision-making. Established guidelines recommend the use of non-standard native species in toxicity investigations. This work focused on the use of native species for aquatic toxicity assessment to make more relevant conclusions on the potential for adverse biological effects to occur as a result to single chemical exposures or exposures to a complex mixture like oil. We apply these studies to investigate petroleum product impacts from the Deepwater Horizon incident and concerns for metal toxicity in …
Development Of A Risk Assessment Framework To Predict Invasive Species Establishment For Multiple Taxonomic Groups And Vectors Of Introduction, Alisha D. Davidson, Abigail J. Fusaro, Rochelle A. Sturtevant, Edward S. Rutherford, Donna R. Kashian
Development Of A Risk Assessment Framework To Predict Invasive Species Establishment For Multiple Taxonomic Groups And Vectors Of Introduction, Alisha D. Davidson, Abigail J. Fusaro, Rochelle A. Sturtevant, Edward S. Rutherford, Donna R. Kashian
Biological Sciences Faculty Research Publications
A thorough assessment of aquatic nonindigenous species’ risk facilitates successful monitoring and prevention activities. However, species- and vector-specific information is often limited and difficult to synthesize across a single risk framework. To address this need, we developed an assessment framework capable of estimating the potential for introduction, establishment, and impact by aquatic nonindigenous species from diverse spatial origins and taxonomic classification, in novel environments. Our model builds on previous approaches, while taking on a new perspective for evaluation across species, vectors and stages to overcome the limitations imposed by single species and single vector assessments. We applied this globally-relevant framework …
Potential Effects Of Chemical Contamination On South Florida Bonefish Albula Vulpes, Christine P. Beck
Potential Effects Of Chemical Contamination On South Florida Bonefish Albula Vulpes, Christine P. Beck
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An ecological risk assessment was conducted on the risk to fish of chemical contaminants detected in the habitat of Albula vulpes in South Florida, to evaluate whether contaminants may be a driver of declines in the recreational bonefish fishery. All available contaminant detection data from Biscayne Bay, Florida Bay, and the Florida Keys were compared to federal and state guidelines for aquatic health to identify Contaminants of Potential Ecological Concern (COPECS). For these COPECs, species sensitivity distributions were constructed and compared with recent detections at the 90th centile of exposure. Copper in Biscayne Bay was identified as the highest …
Derivation Of Screening Benchmarks For Dietary Methylmercury Exposure For The Common Loon (Gavia Immer): Rationale For Use In Ecological Risk Assessment, David C. Depew, Niladri Basu, Neil M. Burgess, Linda M. Campbell
Derivation Of Screening Benchmarks For Dietary Methylmercury Exposure For The Common Loon (Gavia Immer): Rationale For Use In Ecological Risk Assessment, David C. Depew, Niladri Basu, Neil M. Burgess, Linda M. Campbell
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
The current understanding of methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity to avian species has improved considerably in recent years and indicates that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of MeHg through the diet can adversely affect various aspects of avian health, reproduction, and survival. Because fish-eating birds are at particular risk for elevated MeHg exposure, the authors surveyed the available primary and secondary literature to summarize the effects of dietary MeHg on the common loon (Gavia immer) and to derive ecologically relevant toxic thresholds for dietary exposure to MeHg in fish prey. After considering the available data, the authors propose three screening benchmarks of …
Derivation Of Screening Benchmarks For Dietary Methylmercury Exposure For The Common Loon (Gavia Immer): Rationale For Use In Ecological Risk Assessment, David C. Depew, Niladri Basu, Neil M. Burgess, Linda M. Campbell
Derivation Of Screening Benchmarks For Dietary Methylmercury Exposure For The Common Loon (Gavia Immer): Rationale For Use In Ecological Risk Assessment, David C. Depew, Niladri Basu, Neil M. Burgess, Linda M. Campbell
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
The current understanding of methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity to avian species has improved considerably in recent years and indicates that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of MeHg through the diet can adversely affect various aspects of avian health, reproduction, and survival. Because fish-eating birds are at particular risk for elevated MeHg exposure, the authors surveyed the available primary and secondary literature to summarize the effects of dietary MeHg on the common loon (Gavia immer) and to derive ecologically relevant toxic thresholds for dietary exposure to MeHg in fish prey. After considering the available data, the authors propose three screening benchmarks of …
Does Bisphenol A Induce Superfeminization In Marisa Cornuarietis? Part I: Intra- And Inter-Laboratory Variability In Test Endpoints, Valery E. Forbes, Henriette Selck, Annemette Palmqvist, John Aufderheide, Ryan Warbritton, Nadine Pounds, Roy Thompson, Norbert Caspers
Does Bisphenol A Induce Superfeminization In Marisa Cornuarietis? Part I: Intra- And Inter-Laboratory Variability In Test Endpoints, Valery E. Forbes, Henriette Selck, Annemette Palmqvist, John Aufderheide, Ryan Warbritton, Nadine Pounds, Roy Thompson, Norbert Caspers
Valery Forbes Publications
It has been claimed that bisphenol A (BPA) induces superfeminization in the freshwater gastropod, Marisa cornuarietis. To explore the reproducibility of prior work, here we present results from a three-laboratory study, the objectives of which were to determine the mean and variability in test endpoints (i.e., adult fecundity, egg hatchability, and juvenile growth) under baseline conditions and to identify the sources of variability. A major source of variability for all of the measured endpoints was due to differences within and among individuals. With few exceptions, variability among laboratories and among replicate tanks within laboratories contributed little to the observed variability …
Does Bisphenol A Induce Superfeminization In Marisa Cornuarietis? Part Ii: Toxicity Test Results And Requirements For Statistical Power Analyses, Valery E. Forbes, John Aufderheide, Ryan Warbritton, Nelly Van Der Hoeven, Norbert Caspers
Does Bisphenol A Induce Superfeminization In Marisa Cornuarietis? Part Ii: Toxicity Test Results And Requirements For Statistical Power Analyses, Valery E. Forbes, John Aufderheide, Ryan Warbritton, Nelly Van Der Hoeven, Norbert Caspers
Valery Forbes Publications
This study presents results of the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on adult egg production, egg hatchability, egg development rates and juvenile growth rates in the freshwater gastropod, Marisa cornuarietis. We observed no adult mortality, substantial inter-snail variability in reproductive output, and no effects of BPA on reproduction during 12 weeks of exposure to 0, 0.1, 1.0, 16, 160 or 640 μg/L BPA. We observed no effects of BPA on egg hatchability or timing of egg hatching. Juveniles showed good growth in the control and all treatments, and there were no significant effects of BPA on this endpoint. Our …
Ecology In A Cost-Benefit Society: The Issues, Valery E. Forbes, Peter Calow
Ecology In A Cost-Benefit Society: The Issues, Valery E. Forbes, Peter Calow
Valery Forbes Publications
Is there a role for ecology in a cost-benefit society? As a prelude to a collection of papers arising from a conference on this theme held at Roskilde University in June 2004, this paper summarizes divergent approaches to public policy decision making. Whether based on strict cost-benefit analysis or wide-ranging discussion, we make the point that decisions need to be informed by an understanding of the causes behind environmental problems and their consequences, through impaired ecosystem services, on the economy. Taking this forward will require forums that bring ecologists, economists, and regulators into active and constructive dialogue.
The Speciation Of Metals In Mammals Influences Their Toxicokinetics And Toxicodynamics And Therefore Human Health Risk Assessment, Robert A. Yokel, Stephen M. Lasley, David C. Dorman
The Speciation Of Metals In Mammals Influences Their Toxicokinetics And Toxicodynamics And Therefore Human Health Risk Assessment, Robert A. Yokel, Stephen M. Lasley, David C. Dorman
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
Chemical form (i.e., species) can influence metal toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics and should be considered to improve human health risk assessment. Factors that influence metal speciation (and examples) include: (1) carrier-mediated processes for specific metal species (arsenic, chromium, lead and manganese), (2) valence state (arsenic, chromium, manganese and mercury), (3) particle size (lead and manganese), (4) the nature of metal binding ligands (aluminum, arsenic, chromium, lead, and manganese), (5) whether the metal is an organic versus inorganic species (arsenic, lead, and mercury), and (6) biotransformation of metal species (aluminum, arsenic, chromium, lead, manganese and mercury). The influence of speciation on metal …
Uncertainties In Sediment Quality Weight-Of-Evidence (Woe) Assessments, Graeme E. Batley, G. Allen Burton, Peter M. Chapman, Valery E. Forbes
Uncertainties In Sediment Quality Weight-Of-Evidence (Woe) Assessments, Graeme E. Batley, G. Allen Burton, Peter M. Chapman, Valery E. Forbes
Valery Forbes Publications
Uncertainties in sediment quality assessments are discussed in five categories: (1) sediment sampling, transport and storage; (2) sediment chemistry; (3) ecotoxicology; (4) benthic community structure; and (5) data uncertainties and QA/QC. Three major exposure routes are considered: whole sediments, and waters in sediment pores and at the sediment-water interface. If these uncertainties are not recognized and addressed in the assessment process, then erroneous conclusions may result. Recommendations are provided for addressing the identified uncertainties in each of the key areas. The purpose of this paper is to improve the reporting of sediment quality assessments.