Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Ammonium perchlorate (1)
- Biometry (1)
- Drugs (1)
- Epithelial cells--Effect of metals on (1)
- Intracellular pathogens--United States (1)
-
- Lungs--Effect of chemicals on (1)
- Lungs--Wounds and injuries (1)
- Nanoparticles--Toxicology (1)
- Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Pharmacology (1)
- Poisons (1)
- Poisons--Testing (1)
- Primers (Coating) (1)
- Skin absorption (1)
- Solid propellants--Environmental aspects (1)
- Strontium compounds (1)
- Toxicity testing--In vitro (1)
- Toxicity testing--Mathematical models (1)
- Toxicological chemistry (1)
Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
In Vitro Toxicity Of Silver Nanoparticles In Human Lung Epithelial Cells, Christina R. Kearns
In Vitro Toxicity Of Silver Nanoparticles In Human Lung Epithelial Cells, Christina R. Kearns
Theses and Dissertations
Nanotechnology is quickly becoming incorporated into everyday products and uses. Silver nanoparticles, specifically, are being used in commercial products, to include aerosols. The purpose of this research was to determine whether silver nanoparticles are toxic to human lung epithelial cells. Different types (coated vs. uncoated), concentrations (10, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) and sizes (coated 5 and 80nm, uncoated 10 and 80nm) of silver nanoparticles were used during this study. Toxicity measurements were completed through in vitro techniques. Another study was also completed on toxicity mechanisms by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated. Results showed that silver nanoparticles induce …
Deterministic Intracellular Modeling, Jacqueline B. Young
Deterministic Intracellular Modeling, Jacqueline B. Young
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Air Force is interested in the potential side effects at the cellular level from exposure to mission-essential chemicals. Presently, Air Force toxicology studies are conducted to help shed light in identifying potential hazards to workers. However, it takes a considerable amount of money, resources, and time to obtain and analyze experimental results from toxicology studies. The necessity for innovative methods that enable researchers to more effectively generate and analyze data is apparent.
Stochastic Intra-Cellular Modeling, Thomas E. Hopkins
Stochastic Intra-Cellular Modeling, Thomas E. Hopkins
Theses and Dissertations
Air Force personnel may sometimes come into contact with potentially harmful chemicals while performing their duties. Of course the Air Force desires to keep any potential health risks to its members to a minimum. To this end the Air Force would like to identify which chemicals are toxic, their level of toxicity, and the processes by which these chemicals disrupt normal biological activities at the cellular level. The development of mathematical models can be of great benefit to toxicity studies. Because real world systems involve randomness, that is noise, and the desire is to create mathematical models to represent those …
Chromate Dissociation From Primer Paint In Simulated Lung Fluid, Tiffany J. R. Morgan
Chromate Dissociation From Primer Paint In Simulated Lung Fluid, Tiffany J. R. Morgan
Theses and Dissertations
OSHA has proposed a new strontium chromate exposure standard that would potentially cause Air Force paint facilities to be in violation of the proposed standard if adopted. This proposed reduction make the continued use of chromate containing primer paints very difficult. There is currently no acceptable replacements for chromate containing primer paints on AF aircraft. This study suggests that paint particles with chromate bound in primer paint may be unavailable for bodily absorption if inhaled and a reduced standard for painting applications may be unnecessary. Primer paint overspray was collected into simulated lung fluid (SLF) and allowed 6 hr, 24 …
Modeling Chemical Absorption Through Membranes, Jeffrey M. Hemmes
Modeling Chemical Absorption Through Membranes, Jeffrey M. Hemmes
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the processes involved in dermal penetration of chemicals and drugs is important to both toxicologists and pharmacologists. Researchers developing new drugs are interested in enhancing the penetration of chemicals through the skin, while environmental professionals are interested in limiting such penetration. For both types of applications, predictive biologically-based mathematical models can be very useful in understanding the processes involved, particularly when such models are based on physiological and biochemical parameters which can be measured experimentally. In this thesis we study two existing physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models that predict concentrations of neat and aqueous dibromomethane (DBM) absorbed into and through …
Effects Of Ammonium Perchlorate On The Thyroid Hormone Levels Of The Sprague-Dawley Rat, James H. King Jr.
Effects Of Ammonium Perchlorate On The Thyroid Hormone Levels Of The Sprague-Dawley Rat, James H. King Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to determine the threshold dose for ammonium perchlorate (AP) in the Sprague-Dawley rat. No dose response data exist for AP and the EPA has studied literature on the subject of perchlorates to determine a provisional reference dose. The Perchiorate Group, a consortium of DoD and industry representatives, believes this provisional reference dose is too conservative. This experiment was executed to provide dose response data on which to base a more accurate reference dose. The study consisted of eight groups of 12 Sprague-Dawley rats, six male and six female, which were exposed to incremental doses …
Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of Skin Absorption Using Dermal Subcompartments, Richard L. Bookout Jr.
Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of Skin Absorption Using Dermal Subcompartments, Richard L. Bookout Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Dermal penetration of chemicals and drugs is important to both toxicologists and pharmacologists. Drug developers try to enhance and environmental professionals try to limit penetration of chemicals through the skin. Both can use predictive biologically-based mathematical models to assist in understanding the processes involved. When these models are based on physiological and biochemical parameters which can be measured in the laboratory, they can be extremely useful. Appropriately validated models based on first principles can be predictive of human exposures when the processes involved are adequately understood. In this thesis we develop four new physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict blood …