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Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition
Preliminary Evidence That Lectins In Infant Soy Formula Apparently Bind Bovine Milk Exosomes And Prevent Their Absorption In Healthy Adults, Ezra Mutai, Alice Kah Hui Ngu, Janos Zempleni
Preliminary Evidence That Lectins In Infant Soy Formula Apparently Bind Bovine Milk Exosomes And Prevent Their Absorption In Healthy Adults, Ezra Mutai, Alice Kah Hui Ngu, Janos Zempleni
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
Background: Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse effects of formula feeding may be compounded by using soy formulas due to exosome binding by abundant lectins in that matrix. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of milk exosomes and their miR cargos added to soy formula in adults, as well as the potential role of soy lectins in exosome …
Transport And Distribution Of Bovine Milk Exosomes And Mir-34a Cargo In Murine Cerebral Cortex Endothelial Bend.3 Cells And Bv2 Microglia, Pearl Ebea
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses an obstacle in the delivery of drugs to the brain. Bovine milk exosomes (BME) are explored for delivering antisense oligonucleotides to tumors, because BME are bioavailable and protect RNA cargos against degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. This study had the following objectives: 1) assess the transport kinetics of BME and their RNA cargos and secretion of RNA across the apical membrane in murine cerebral cortex endothelial bEnd.3 cells and 2) determine whether murine brain BV2 microglia have the potential to accumulate and, therefore, eliminate BME that crossed the BBB. The uptake of BME labeled with …
Micrornas In Bovine Milk Exosomes Are Bioavailable In Humans But Do Not Elicit A Robust Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Response, Ezra Mutai, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Janos Zempleni
Micrornas In Bovine Milk Exosomes Are Bioavailable In Humans But Do Not Elicit A Robust Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Response, Ezra Mutai, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Janos Zempleni
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
Background: Bovine milk exosomes are studied for their roles as bioactive food compounds and as vehicles for drug delivery. Both lines of investigation converge on immune function, e.g., immune regulation by absorption of microRNAs encapsulated in milk exosomes across species boundaries, and the possibility of exosomes and their cargos triggering an immune response if used in drug delivery. This study assessed the bioavailability of immune-related microRNAs from bovine milk and changes in plasma cytokine concentrations after milk consumption in humans, and the secretion of cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured with milk exosomes transfected with immune-relevant microRNAs. …
Milk-Derived Exosomes And Metabolic Regulation, Janos Zempleni, Sonal Sukreet, Fang Zhou, Di Wu, Ezra Mutai
Milk-Derived Exosomes And Metabolic Regulation, Janos Zempleni, Sonal Sukreet, Fang Zhou, Di Wu, Ezra Mutai
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
Exosomes are natural nanoparticles that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Communication is achieved through the transfer of cargos, such as microRNAs, from donor to recipient cells and binding of exosomes to cell surface receptors. Exosomes and their cargos are also obtained from dietary sources, such as milk. Exosome and cell glycoproteins are crucial for intestinal uptake. A large fraction of milk exosomes accumulates in the brain, whereas the tissue distribution of microRNA cargos varies among distinct species of microRNA. The fraction of milk exosomes that escapes absorption elicits changes in microbial communities in the gut. Dietary depletion of …
Biology Of Exosomes And Their Microrna Cargos In Human And Bovine Milk, Amy Lynn Leiferman
Biology Of Exosomes And Their Microrna Cargos In Human And Bovine Milk, Amy Lynn Leiferman
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Exosomes are small, cargo-containing vesicles secreted by cells to facilitate intercellular communication. Of exosome cargos, microRNAs are especially interesting because of their involvement in gene regulation. Recently, our lab has shown that exosomes and their microRNA cargo are absorbed through the diet and elicit effects exogenously. Human and animal milk contain exosomes, which may have implications in infant and adult nutrition. There is evidence that bovine milk exosomes enhance growth of murine C2C12 myotube cell cultures, but whether this translates to muscle in vivo is unknown. The USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is lacking up-to-date information about human …
Milk Exosomes: Beyond Dietary Micrornas, Janos Zempleni
Milk Exosomes: Beyond Dietary Micrornas, Janos Zempleni
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
Extracellular vesicles deliver a variety of cargos to recipient cells, including the delivery of cargos in dietary vesicles from bovine milk to non-bovine species. The rate of discovery in this important line of research is slowed by a controversy whether the delivery and bioactivity of a single class of vesicle cargos, microRNAs, are real or not. This opinion paper argues that the evidence in support of the bioavailability of microRNAs encapsulated in dietary exosomes outweighs the evidence produced by scholars doubting that phenomenon is real. Importantly, this paper posits that the time is ripe to look beyond microRNA cargos and …