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Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition Commons™
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Articles 1 - 3 of 3
Full-Text Articles in Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition
Influences Of High-Fat Diet And Antrodia Camphorata In Early Life On Intestinal Tumorigensis Later In Life, Ting-Chun Lin
Influences Of High-Fat Diet And Antrodia Camphorata In Early Life On Intestinal Tumorigensis Later In Life, Ting-Chun Lin
Doctoral Dissertations
Young-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) is a growing public health concern globally due to the increasing prevalence of westernized lifestyles during childhood and adolescence. Meanwhile, there have been reports of health-promoting effects, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, associated with Antrodia camphorata (AC), a unique fungus native to Taiwan. This study aimed to investigate the impact of early-life high-fat diet (HF) and AC supplementation on intestinal tumorigenesis in young adulthood, using APC1638N mice. Additionally, the study aimed to determine the role of Turicibacter, a probiotic negatively associated with diet-induced obesity, in colorectal tumorigenesis, and to explore the anti-cancer mechanism …
Retinoic Acid, Insulin, And Cycloheximide Alter Glycogen Homeostasis In Differentiating L6 Myoblasts, Aaron Armstrong
Retinoic Acid, Insulin, And Cycloheximide Alter Glycogen Homeostasis In Differentiating L6 Myoblasts, Aaron Armstrong
Doctoral Dissertations
Glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle (SM) is responsible for the majority of post-prandial glucose disposal in healthy individuals. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compromised skeletal muscle glycogen synthesis contributes to hyperglycemia. L6 rat SM cells can develop insulin resistance with prolonged insulin stimulation and provide an in vitro model for mechanistic dysfunction in glycogen homeostasis. SM glycogen is synthesized by glycogen synthase (GS) in response to insulin stimulation. Canonically, insulin signaling increases GS activity through inhibition of its Ser641 regulator glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) by protein kinase B (AKT). Proximal insulin signaling activates AKT via Ser473 phosphorylation which proceeds …
Bifidobacterial Metabolism Of Fucosylated Human Milk Oligosaccharides Influences Structure And Function Of The Infant Gut Microbiome, Liv R. Dedon
Doctoral Dissertations
Human milk contains human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) that are indigestible and pass intact through the infant gastrointestinal tract where they are available for microbial metabolism. HMOs incorporate the same monosaccharide building blocks but vary structurally in primary sequence of monomeric components. Primary sequences are further diversified by degree of polymerization, branching, and secondary modifications such as fucosylation. Fucosylated HMOs (fHMOs) are highly abundant and can account for over 30% of total HMOs. Infant-colonizing Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) possesses a specialized gene cluster conveying the ability to metabolize fHMOs. This study presents an in-depth analysis of B. …