Nutrition Commons^™

A Theacrine-Based Supplement Increases Cellular Nad+ Levels And Affects Biomarkers Related To Sirtuin Activity In C2c12 Muscle Cells In Vitro, Petey W. Mumford, Shelby C. Osburn, Carlton D. Fox, Joshua S. Godwin, Michael D. Roberts

Faculty Scholarship

There is evidence in rodents to suggest that theacrine-based supplements modulate tissue sirtuin activity as well as other biological processes associated with aging. Herein, we examined if a theacrine-based supplement (termed NAD3) altered sirtuin activity in vitro while also affecting markers of mitochondrial biogenesis. The murine C2C12 myoblast cell line was used for experimentation. Following 7 days of differentiation, myotubes were treated with 0.45 mg/mL of NAD3 (containing ~2 mM theacrine) for 3 and 24 h (n = 6 treatment wells per time point). Relative to control (CTL)-treated cells, NAD3 treatments increased (p < 0.05) Sirt1 mRNA levels at 3 h, as well as global sirtuin activity at 3 and 24 h. Follow-up experiments comparing 24 h NAD3 or CTL treatments indicated that NAD3 increased nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and SIRT1 protein levels (p < 0.05). Cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels were also elevated nearly two-fold after 24 h of NAD3 versus CTL treatments (p < 0.001). Markers of mitochondrial biogenesis were minimally affected. Although these data are limited to select biomarkers in vitro, these preliminary findings suggest that a theacrine-based supplement can modulate select biomarkers related to NAD+ biogenesis and sirtuin activity. However, these changes did not drive increases in mitochondrial biogenesis. While promising, these data are limited to a rodent cell line and human muscle biopsy studies are needed to validate and elucidate the significance of these findings.

Effects Of Daily 24-Gram Doses Of Rice Or Whey Protein On Resistance Training Adaptations In Trained Males, Jessica M. Moon, Kayla M. Ratliff, Julia C. Blumkaitis, Patrick S. Harty, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Richard A. Stecker, Brad S. Currier, Andrew R. Jagim, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Large (48-g), isonitrogenous doses of rice and whey protein have previously been shown to stimulate similar adaptations to resistance training, but the impact of consuming smaller doses has yet to be compared. We evaluated the ability of 24-g doses of rice or whey protein concentrate to augment adaptations following 8 weeks of resistance training.

Caffeine Timing Improves Lower-Body Muscular Performance: A Randomized Trial, Patrick S. Harty, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Richard A. Stecker, Brad S. Currier, Grant M. Tinsley, Kazimierz Surowiec, Andrew R. Jagim, Scott R. Richmond, Chad Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

To determine the optimal pre-exercise time interval to consume caffeine to improve lower-body muscular performance. A secondary aim was to identify the presence of any sex differences in responses to timed caffeine administration.

Bacillus Coagulans Gbi‑30, 6086 Improves Amino Acid Absorption From Milk Protein, Richard A. Stecker, Jessica M. Moon, Travis J. Russo, Kayla M. Ratliff, Petey W. Mumford, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Probiotic Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 (BC30) has been shown to increase protein digestion in an in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine. Once active in the small intestine after germination, BC30 aids the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. The extent to which BC30 administration may impact protein digestion and amino acid appearance in humans after protein ingestion is currently unknown. This study examined the impact of adding BC30 to a 25-g dose of milk protein concentrate on post-prandial changes in blood amino acids concentrations.

Adverse Events Reported To The United States Food And Drug Administration Related To Caffeine-Containing Products, Andrew R. Jagim, Patrick S. Harty, Karen M. Fischer, Chad M. Kerksick, Jacob L. Erickson

Faculty Scholarship

To examine differences in the frequency and severity of federally reported adverse events between caffeine-containing and non–caffeine-containing products while also identifying the category of caffeine-containing products associated with the highest frequency and severity of adverse events.

Impact Of Varying Dosages Of Fish Oil On Recovery And Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Kurt A. Escobar, Kelly E. Johnson, Matthew T. Statton, Terrence Moriarty, Chad M. Kerksick, Gerald T. Mangine, Alyssa J. Holmes, Matthew Lee, Marvin R. Endito, Christine M. Mermier

Faculty Scholarship

Fish oils (FOs) are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have been purported to enhance recovery of muscular performance and reduce soreness post-exercise. However, the most effective FO dose for optimizing recovery remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of FO supplementation dosing on the recovery of measures of muscular performance, perceived soreness, and markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of eccentric exercise. Thirty-two college-aged resistance-trained males (~23.6 years, 71.6 kg, 172.1 cm) were supplemented with 2, 4, 6 g/day (G) FO or placebo (PL) for ~7.5 weeks. Following 7 weeks …

The Athletic Gut Microbiota, Alex E. Mohr, Ralf Jäger, Katie C. Carpenter, Chad M. Kerksick, Martin Purpura, Jeremy R. Townsend, Nicholas P. West, Katherine Black, Michael Gleeson, David B. Pyne, Shawn D. Wells, Shawn M. Arent, Richard B. Kreider, Bill I. Campbell, Laurent Bannock, Jonathan Scheiman, Craig J. Wissent, Marco Pane, Douglas S. Kalman, Jamie N. Pugh, Carmen P. Ortega-Santos, Jessica A. Ter Haar, Paul J. Arciero, Jose Antonio

Faculty Scholarship

The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract play a significant role in nutrient uptake, vitamin synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune response, collectively contributing to human health. Important factors such as age, birth method, antibiotic use, and diet have been established as formative factors that shape the gut microbiota. Yet, less described is the role that exercise plays, particularly how associated factors and stressors, such as sport/exercise-specific diet, environment, and their interactions, may influence the gut microbiota. In particular, high-level athletes offer remarkable physiology and metabolism (including muscular strength/power, aerobic capacity, energy expenditure, and heat production) compared to sedentary …

Higher Doses Of A Green Tea-Based Supplement Increase Post-Exercise Blood Flow Following An Acute Resistance Exercise Bout In Recreationally Resistance-Trained College-Aged Men, Carlton D. Fox, Christian T. Garner, Petey W. Mumford, Darren T. Beck, Michael D. Roberts

Faculty Scholarship

Background: There are animal data suggesting green tea can enhance blood flow. However, human data are lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of low and high doses of a green tea-based supplement (GBS) on brachial artery blood flow before and following a resistance exercise bout.

Methods: In this, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial, college-aged males (n = 18) who self-reported recreationally resistance training for the previous 6 ± 3 years were assigned to one of two studies including a low (300 mg serving) (n = 9) or high dose (600 mg serving) (n …

Yeast Beta-Glucan Supplementation Down Regulates Markers Of Systemic Inflammation After Heated Treadmill Exercise, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Julia C. Blumkaitis, Jessica M. Moon, Bradley S. Currier, Riley Stefan, Kayla Ratliff, Patrick S. Harty, Richard A. Stecker, Karolina Rudnicka, Ralf Jäger, Michael D. Roberts, Kaelin Young, Andrew R. Jagin, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Aerobic exercise and thermal stress instigate robust challenges to the immune system. Various attempts to modify or supplement the diet have been proposed to bolster the immune system responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of yeast beta-glucan (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation. Healthy, active men (29.6 ± 6.7 years, 178.1 ± 7.2 cm, 83.2 ± 11.2 kg, 49.6 ± 5.1 mL/kg/min, n = 16) and women (30.1 ± 8.9 years, 165.6 ± 4.1 cm, 66.7 ± 10.0 kg, 38.7 ± 5.8 mL/kg/min, n = 15) were randomly assigned in a double-blind …

Differential Impact Of Calcium And Vitamin D On Body Composition Changes In Post-Menopausal Women Following A Restricted Energy Diet And Exercise Program, Chad M. Kerksick, Michael D. Roberts, Bill I. Campbell, Melyn M. Galbreath, Lemuel W. Taylor, Colin D. Wilborn, Ashli Lee, Jaqueline Dove, Jennifer W. Bunn, Christopher J. Rasmussen, Richard B. Kreider

Faculty Scholarship

Vitamin D and calcium supplementation have been posited to improve body composition and different formulations of calcium may impact bioavailability. However, data are lacking regarding the combinatorial effects of exercise, diet, and calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation on body composition changes in post-menopausal women. Herein, 128 post-menopausal women (51.3 ± 4.5 years, 36.4 ± 5.7 kg/m², 46.2 ± 4.5% fat) were assigned to diet and supplement groups while participating in a supervised circuit-style resistance-training program (3 d/week) over a 14-week period. Diet groups included: (1) normal diet (CTL), (2) a low-calorie, higher protein diet (LCHP; 1600 kcal/day, 15% …