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- Early life adversity (1)
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Articles 1 - 3 of 3
Full-Text Articles in Developmental Neuroscience
Ethanol Exposure During Synaptogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Acute And Long-Term Effects On Gene Expression And Behaviour, Morgan L. Kleiber
Ethanol Exposure During Synaptogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Acute And Long-Term Effects On Gene Expression And Behaviour, Morgan L. Kleiber
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Alcohol is a neuroactive molecule that is able to exert variable and often detrimental effects on the developing brain, resulting in a broad range of physiological, behavioural, and cognitive phenotypes that characterize ‘fetal alcohol spectrum disorders’ (FASD). Factors affecting the manifestation of these phenotypes include alcohol dosage, timing of exposure, and pattern of maternal alcohol consumption; however, the biological processes that are vulnerable to ethanol at any given neurodevelopmental stage are unclear, as is how their disruption results in the emergence of specific pathological phenotypes later in life.
The research included in this thesis utilizes a C57BL/6J (B6) mouse model …
Neural And Behavioural Responses To Rewards And Losses In Early Development: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study, Niki Hosseini-Kamkar
Neural And Behavioural Responses To Rewards And Losses In Early Development: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study, Niki Hosseini-Kamkar
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the neural and behavioural correlates of learning from rewards and losses in children. Greater blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) responses in the ventral striatum (VS) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) were found when participants received rewards compared to when they missed out on an opportunity to receive rewards. In contrast, greater BOLD responses in the anterior insula (AI) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were found when participants received losses compared to when they avoided losing. The BOLD response to rewards in the VS and VMPFC correlated positively with the tendency to …
Abnormal Hippocampal Activation In Freely Behaving Mice Deficient For The Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter, Shahin Moallem
Abnormal Hippocampal Activation In Freely Behaving Mice Deficient For The Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter, Shahin Moallem
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Acetylcholine (Ach) has a fundamental role in cortical activation. The activation of the hippocampus, a cortex implicated in cognitive and sensorimotor functions, is characterized by an increase in power and frequency of oscillations in the theta (4-10 Hz) and gamma (30-100 Hz) frequency range. We studied hippocampal activation in two mutant mouse lines with deficiency in cholinergic functionality: VAChT KDHET (HET), and VAChTNkx2.1-Cre-flox/flox (KO). We hypothesized that the mutant mice, relative to wild-type (WT) mice, will manifest abnormal theta and gamma oscillations during different behaviors, and in response to muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine hydrochloride and to the NMDA …