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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (3)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (2)
- Allee effect; positive density dependence; inverse density dependence; depensation; functional maturity; queen conch (1)
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- Allee effects; positive density dependence; inverse density dependence; depensation (1)
- Chesapeake Bay; Crassostrea Virginica; Restoration (1)
- Community Structure; Subtropical Gyre; Cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus; Leucine Incorporation (1)
- Crassostrea Virginica; Eastern Oyster; Recruitment; Survey Methods; Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Crassostrea; virginica; oysters; aquaculture; epifauna; floats (1)
- ESL Publications (1)
- Eastern Oyster; Crassostrea Virginica; Settlement; Recruitment; Climate Change; Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Inbreeding; mating system; outbreeding; reproductive assurance; seed production (1)
- Phylogeny; diagnostics; numerical model (1)
- Reference concentration; suspension; sediment; Shields parameter; Rouse number (1)
- Venerupis (Tapes) Philippinarum; Juvenile Clam Infection; Perkilisus Sp; Dna Probe; In Situ Hybridization (1)
- Zooplankton; Trichodesmium; chromophoric dissolved organic matter; CDOM; excretion; Sargasso Sea; North Atlantic (1)
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Marine Biology
Parasitism In Species Of Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia : Mytilidae) Mussels From Deep-Sea Seep And Hydrothermal Vents, Me Ward, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cl Van Dover
Parasitism In Species Of Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia : Mytilidae) Mussels From Deep-Sea Seep And Hydrothermal Vents, Me Ward, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cl Van Dover
VIMS Articles
Bivalve species, especially mussels, are biomass dominants in many deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems. As in shallow-water environments, parasites are likely to be important factors in the population dynamics of bivalve communities in chemosynthetic ecosystems, but there has been little study of parasitism in deep-sea seep or vent molluscs. In this study, Parasite types, diversity, prevalence, infection density and non-infectious indicators of stress or disease as related to host age, reproductive condition, and endosymbiont density were assessed in mussels (Bathmodiolus heckerae) from 2 seep sites and mussels (B. puteoserpentis) from 2 vent sites. We identified 10 microbial or parasitic agents in histological …
Dinitrogen Fixation And Release Of Ammonium And Dissolved Organic Nitrogen By Trichodesmium Ims101, Mr Mulholland, Da Bronk, Dg Capone
Dinitrogen Fixation And Release Of Ammonium And Dissolved Organic Nitrogen By Trichodesmium Ims101, Mr Mulholland, Da Bronk, Dg Capone
VIMS Articles
Two methods used to measure dinitrogen (N-2) fixation (acetylene reduction and N-15(2) uptake) often result in different N-2 fixation rates. Part of the discrepancy may arise from the observation that Trichodesmium can release a fraction of their recently fixed N-2 as dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and/or ammonium (NH4+). To resolve outstanding issues regarding N-2 fixation and the production of dissolved combined nitrogen (N) by Trichodesmium, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of N-2 fixation and the production of DON and NH4+ in cultures of Trichodesmium IMS101. We performed N-15(2) uptake experiments in parallel with acetylene (C2H2) reduction assays, and measured production …
Light Dependence Of [H-3]Leucine Incorporation In The Oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean, Mj Church, Hw Ducklow, Da Karl
Light Dependence Of [H-3]Leucine Incorporation In The Oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean, Mj Church, Hw Ducklow, Da Karl
VIMS Articles
The influence of irradiance on bacterial incorporation of [H-3] leucine was evaluated at Station ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific subtropical gyre. Six experiments were conducted on three cruises to Station ALOHA to examine how [H-3]leucine incorporation varied as a function of irradiance. Two experiments were also conducted to assess the photoautotrophic response to irradiance (based on photosynthetic uptake of [C-14] bicarbonate) in both the upper and lower photic zones. Rates of [H-3]leucine incorporation responded to irradiance in a photosynthesis-like manner, increasing sharply at low light and then saturating and sometimes declining with increasing light intensity. The influence of irradiance …
A New Pathogenic Virus In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Panulirus Argus From The Florida Keys, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dc Behringer
A New Pathogenic Virus In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Panulirus Argus From The Florida Keys, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dc Behringer
VIMS Articles
A pathogenic virus was diagnosed from juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the Florida Keys. Moribund lobsters had characteristically milky hemolymph that did not clot. Altered hyalinocytes and semigranulocytes, but not granulocytes, were observed with light microscopy. Infected hemocytes had emarginated, condensed chromatin, hypertrophied nuclei and faint eosinophilic Cowdry-type-A inclusions. In some cases, infected cells were observed in soft connective tissues. With electron microscopy, unenveloped, nonoccluded, icosahedral virions (182 +/- 9 nm SD) were diffusely spread around the inner periphery of the nuclear envelope. Virions also occurred in loose aggregates in the cytoplasm or were free in the hemolymph. …
Particle-Associated Flagellates: Swimming Patterns, Colonization Rates, And Grazing On Attached Bacteria, T Kiorboe, Hp Grossart, H Ploug, K Tang, B Auer
Particle-Associated Flagellates: Swimming Patterns, Colonization Rates, And Grazing On Attached Bacteria, T Kiorboe, Hp Grossart, H Ploug, K Tang, B Auer
VIMS Articles
Some pelagic flagellates colonize particles, such as marine snow, where they graze on bacteria and thus impact the dynamics of the attached microbial communities. Particle colonization is governed by motility. Swimming patterns of 2 particle-associated flagellates, Bodo designis and Spumella sp., are very different, the former swimming slowly in an erratic, random pattern, and the latter faster and along smooth helixes of variable amplitude and frequency. At spatial scales exceeding ca. 50 mum, the motility of B. designis can be described as a random walk and modeled as diffusion. Spumella sp. shows directional persistence of the helical axes up to …
Seed Production From The Mixed Mating System Of Chesapeake Bay (Usa) Eelgrass (Zostera Marina; Zosteraceae), Jm Rhode, Je Duffy
Seed Production From The Mixed Mating System Of Chesapeake Bay (Usa) Eelgrass (Zostera Marina; Zosteraceae), Jm Rhode, Je Duffy
VIMS Articles
In monoecious plants, gametes can be exchanged in three ways: among unrelated genets (outbreeding), with close relatives (inbreeding), or within individuals (geitonogamous selling). These different mating systems may have consequences for population demography and fitness. The experiment presented herein used artificial crosses to examine the mating system of Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, USA eelgrass (Zostera marina L; Zosteraceae), a bisexual submerged aquatic plant that can outbreed, inbreed, and self. Genetic data indicate severe heterozygosity deficiencies and patchy genotype distribution in these beds, suggesting that plants therein reproduce primarily by vegetative propagation, autogamy, or geitonogamy. To clarify eelgrass reproductive strategies, flowers from …
Organisms Associated With Oysters Cultured In Floating Systems In Virginia, Usa, Fx O'Beirn, Paige G. Ross, Mark Luckenbach
Organisms Associated With Oysters Cultured In Floating Systems In Virginia, Usa, Fx O'Beirn, Paige G. Ross, Mark Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
The number and abundance of macro-faunal taxa was estimated from six floating structures (floats) used to culture the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) near Chincoteague Island. Virginia, USA. After a 10-mo grow-out period, all organisms found among and attached to the cultured oysters were counted. The final mean size of oysters was 80.5 (14.7 SD) mm. Overall, 45 species of macrofauna were recorded with the number of species in the floats ranging from 24 to 36. There was no relationship between the number of taxa and the density of oysters in the floats. Total abundances of associated organisms were estimated at …
Conserving Populations At Low Abundance: Delayed Functional Maturity And Allee Effects In Reproductive Behaviour Of The Queen Conch Strombus Gigas, J Gascoigne, Rom Lipcius
Conserving Populations At Low Abundance: Delayed Functional Maturity And Allee Effects In Reproductive Behaviour Of The Queen Conch Strombus Gigas, J Gascoigne, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Effectiveness of conservation measures for diminished populations depends on the mechanism producing low abundance. In queen conch, which is heavily exploited, reproductive activity is depressed where conch density is low, which may be due to the Allee effect, poor habitat quality, or delayed functional maturity. To determine the mechanism underlying impaired reproduction in shallow seagrass beds, mature conch were translocated from 'source' sites with high and low, ambient conch density (similar to1000 and similar to20 conch ha(-1), respectively), and kept at high density in enclosures within high- and low-density 'host' sites. We monitored reproductive activity, and modelled conch population dynamics …
Allee Effects In Marine Systems, J Gascoigne, Rom Lipcius
Allee Effects In Marine Systems, J Gascoigne, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
The fitness or population growth rate of populations with Allee effects increases with increasing population size or density up to a certain threshold. Allee effects are possible in marine populations, as they are less open than has been assumed and may have a metapopulation structure. We modelled the population consequences of Allee effects and show that increases in mortality interact with critical Allee thresholds, such that an Allee effect with no population consequences at low mortality can drive a population to extinction when mortality is increased. In heavily fished species, populations with strong Allee effects go extinct at lower levels …
Production Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (Cdom) In The Open Ocean By Zooplankton And The Colonial Cyanobacterium Trichodesmium Spp., Deborah K. Steinberg, Nb Nelson, Ca Carlson, Ac Prusak
Production Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (Cdom) In The Open Ocean By Zooplankton And The Colonial Cyanobacterium Trichodesmium Spp., Deborah K. Steinberg, Nb Nelson, Ca Carlson, Ac Prusak
VIMS Articles
Chromophoric (or colored) dissolved organic matter (CDOM) has been identified as a major determinant of the optical properties of oligotrophic oceans. The factors controlling distribution of CDOM far from the direct influence of land are not well known, as CDOM abundance and distribution does not directly correlate with phytoplankton productivity or biomass, or with dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration. As part of a larger study of the dynamics of CDOM in the open ocean, we investigated direct release from plankton as a factor contributing to distribution patterns of CDOM. We measured the production of CDOM by zooplankton (copepods, euphausiids, amphipods, …
Decadal Scale Changes In Seasonal Patterns Of Oyster Recruitment In The Virginia Sub Estuaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
Decadal Scale Changes In Seasonal Patterns Of Oyster Recruitment In The Virginia Sub Estuaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Reproductive periodicity of sessile estuarine invertebrates reflects local seasonality of environmental (temperature, salinity) and biologic (food) parameters. Estuaries are ephemeral features in geologic time but considered somewhat constant in the course of recent human history (decadal time scales). Analyses of long-term trends in eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) settlement periodicity since 1960 in three major Chesapeake Bay rivers (James, Piankatank and Great Wicomico Rivers) of the Chesapeake Bay show marked changes within the 4-decade time frame. The 50th percentile of cumulative recruitment occurs between day 194 and 250 of the year depending on year and location. Significant coherence in interannual variation …
Site Selection For Oyster Habitat Rehabilitation In The Virginia Portion Of The Chesapeake Bay: A Commentary, Roger L. Mann, Da Evans
Site Selection For Oyster Habitat Rehabilitation In The Virginia Portion Of The Chesapeake Bay: A Commentary, Roger L. Mann, Da Evans
VIMS Articles
A significant body of knowledge has been generated during the past decade on disease tolerance of the native oyster Crassostrea virginica. A major opportunity to move into a large-scale field application phase of that knowledge has been presented by a 10-y commitment by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) to a partnership in Virginia focused on widespread restoration of oyster resources for ecological purposes. The partnership involves ACOE, the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), the Virginia Marine Resources Commission (VMRC), and the Chesapeake Bay Foundation (CBF). This collaboration will effect a sequenced restoration effort involving site selection, site …
A Review Of Recent Information On The Haplosporidia, With Special Reference To Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx Disease), E M. Burreson, S E. Ford
A Review Of Recent Information On The Haplosporidia, With Special Reference To Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx Disease), E M. Burreson, S E. Ford
VIMS Articles
The current status of the Haplosporidia is reviewed as well as recent information on Haplosporidium nelsoni, the causative agent of MSX disease in oysters. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses with greatly increased taxon sampling support monophyly of the Haplosporidia and hypothesize placement of the group as sister taxon to the phylum Cercozoa. Oyster pathogens in the genus Bonamia should be considered haplosporidians based on molecular sequence data. Thus, the group contains 4 genera: Uropsoridium, Haplosporidium, Bonamia and Minchinia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support monophyly of Urosporidium, Bonamia and Minchinia, but Haplosporidium forms a paraphyletic clade. Reports of haplosporidia worldwide are reviewed. Molecular …
A Comparison Of Dredge And Patent Tongs For Estimation Of Oyster Populations, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth, Jm Harding, J Wesson
A Comparison Of Dredge And Patent Tongs For Estimation Of Oyster Populations, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth, Jm Harding, J Wesson
VIMS Articles
Exploited oyster stocks on public grounds in Virginia waters are subject to regular surveys effected using a traditional oyster dredge and, more recently, patent tongs. Dredges provide semiquantitative data, have been used with consistency over extended periods (decades), and provide data on population trends. Surveys with patent tongs provide absolute quantification (number of individuals per unit area) of oyster stocks but are more labor intensive. Absolute quantification of dredge data is difficult in that dredges accumulate organisms as they move over the bottom, may not sample with constancy throughout a single dredge haul, and may fill before completion of the …
Perkiasus Sp Infection Risk For Manila Clams, Venerupis Philippinarum (A. Adams And Reeve, 1850) On The Pacific Coast Of North And Central America, Ra Elston, Cf Dungan, Tr Meyers, Kimberly S. Reece
Perkiasus Sp Infection Risk For Manila Clams, Venerupis Philippinarum (A. Adams And Reeve, 1850) On The Pacific Coast Of North And Central America, Ra Elston, Cf Dungan, Tr Meyers, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Manila clams (Venerupis philippinarum, A. Adams and Reeve 1850) are an important aquaculture species on the west coast of North America and are also cultured in Europe, Asia, and other locations. Clams cultured on the west coast of North America are free of Perkinsus sp. infections, while clams from certain Asian and European sources are infected. Infection in Korean Manila clams is reportedly associated with high morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the health status of readily accessible Manila clam juveniles from Korea that were proposed for importation into Mexican waters where they would increase in size, and then be shipped …
Examination Of Reference Concentration Under Waves And Currents On The Inner Shelf, Guan-Hong Lee, W. Brian Dade, Carl T. Friedrichs, Chris E. Vincent
Examination Of Reference Concentration Under Waves And Currents On The Inner Shelf, Guan-Hong Lee, W. Brian Dade, Carl T. Friedrichs, Chris E. Vincent
VIMS Articles
[ 1] We examine reference concentration using three different data sets of near-bed suspended sediment concentration observed under combined waves and currents. The data include observations made at 15 and 20 m depth off Dounreay, Scotland, UK, and observations obtained at 13 m depth off Duck, North Carolina, USA. These data accommodate different dynamic conditions ( from wave-dominated conditions at Dounreay to wind-driven, current-dominated conditions at Duck) and sediment properties ( median size of bed sediment ranging from 120 to 350 mm). Near-bed concentration profiles to elevations of about 80 cm were obtained using acoustic backscatter sensors with 1 cm …