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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Exercise Science
Postexercise Executive Function Benefits And Cerebral Blood Flow: In The Lab And At Home, Benjamin Tari
Postexercise Executive Function Benefits And Cerebral Blood Flow: In The Lab And At Home, Benjamin Tari
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
A single bout of aerobic exercise improves executive function; however, the mechanism, or mechanisms, supporting this improvement remain unclear. One candidate mechanism is an exercise-mediated increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) that enhances the efficiency of executive-related frontoparietal networks. To evaluate the link between exercise, CBF and executive function, three separate experiments were conducted. In the first study, separate 10-min sessions of moderate-to-heavy-intensity aerobic exercise, and a hypercapnic environment (i.e., 5% CO2) were implemented. The hypercapnic condition was included because it increases CBF independent of the metabolic demands of exercise. The second study investigated whether exercise intensity-specific changes …
Post-Activation Potentiation Induced By Concentric Contractions At Three Speeds In Humans, Alexander Zero
Post-Activation Potentiation Induced By Concentric Contractions At Three Speeds In Humans, Alexander Zero
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is the acute enhancement of contractile properties following a short duration (<10s) high intensity contraction. Compared with isometric contractions, little is known about the PAP response induced by concentric conditioning contractions (CCs) and the effect of contractile speeds. In the dorsiflexors of 10 participants, twitch responses were measured following 5s of maximal effort concentric CCs at each of 10, 20 and 50°/s. Concentric PAP responses were compared to a maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) matched for contraction time. Additionally, concentric CCs were compared to isometric CCs matched for mean torque, contraction area and time. The principal finding was that the PAP response following maximal concentric CCs was independent of contractile speed and, there was no difference in the PAP response between concentric CCs and an isometric MVC. Maximal contractions, regardless of contraction modality, likely produce sufficient Ca2+ to induce a full PAP response, and thus there was no difference between speeds or contraction type. Concentric CCs had significantly larger peak twitch torque than their isometric torque matches (49-58%), and faster maximal rates of torque development at the three speeds (62-77%). However, these responses are likely related to greater muscle activation (EMG), and not contraction modality per se. Thus, PAP responses following maximal concentric CCs are not affected by velocity and responses are not different from an isometric MVC. This indicates maximal …
Oculomotor Task-Switching Performance Improves And Persists Following A Single Bout Of Aerobic Exercise, Diksha Shukla
Oculomotor Task-Switching Performance Improves And Persists Following A Single Bout Of Aerobic Exercise, Diksha Shukla
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Executive function includes the core components of response inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Interestingly, an accumulating evidence has reported that inhibitory control and working memory improve following a single bout of exercise. It is, however, largely unclear whether cognitive flexibility elicits a similar post-exercise benefit. Accordingly, Chapter Two of my thesis examined whether 20-min of aerobic exercise provides an immediate post-exercise ‘boost’ to cognitive flexibility. Chapter Three examined for how long a putative post-exercise benefit persists. Cognitive flexibility was examined via an AABB task-switching paradigm wherein participants alternated between a well-practiced and a novel oculomotor task pre- and post-exercise. …
A Quantitative Emg Assessment Of Motor Unit Recruitment In Patients With Ulnar Neuropathy, Kayla N. Ryan
A Quantitative Emg Assessment Of Motor Unit Recruitment In Patients With Ulnar Neuropathy, Kayla N. Ryan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The aim of the current study was to assess the test – retest reliability of motor unit firing rates with the use of decomposition based quantitative electromyography, and to quantify motor unit firing rates in the first dorsal interosseous of patients with ulnar neuropathy. 8 healthy subjects (mean age 35 ± 10 years) and 8 patients (mean age 48 ± 10 years) with ulnar neuropathy participated in the study. Following the acquisition of a maximum M wave, needle and surface detected EMGs were collected simultaneously during 30-second contractions performed at threshold (1-2% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)) and 10% MVC- RMS …