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Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology
Effect Of Nitric Oxide Bioavailability On Cutaneous Microvascular Function In Healthy Young African Americans, Kiyoung Kim
Effect Of Nitric Oxide Bioavailability On Cutaneous Microvascular Function In Healthy Young African Americans, Kiyoung Kim
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
We have recently demonstrated impaired microcirculatory function in healthy young African Americans (AAs) as indexed by attenuated cutaneous vasodilation during local heating. The mechanisms resulting in this impairment are multifactorial; however, recent evidence suggests that decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a primary contributor. PURPOSE: To expand our previous findings and determine if this reduced microvascular vasodilatory response in AAs is related to a decrease in NO bioavailability. We hypothesized that NO dependent cutaneous vasodilation in response to local heating is lower in healthy young AAs relative to age / sex / body mass matched Caucasians (CA). METHOD: To date …
3-Nitrotyrosine And Soluble Vascular And Intracellular Adhesion Molecule Responses To High-Intensity Interval And Steady-State Moderate-Intensity Exercise, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Zacharias Papadakis, Annie A. Bane, J. Kyle Taylor, Li Qian, Flor Elisa Morales Marroquín, Peter W. Grandjean
3-Nitrotyrosine And Soluble Vascular And Intracellular Adhesion Molecule Responses To High-Intensity Interval And Steady-State Moderate-Intensity Exercise, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Zacharias Papadakis, Annie A. Bane, J. Kyle Taylor, Li Qian, Flor Elisa Morales Marroquín, Peter W. Grandjean
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Vascular endothelium may respond differently to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) when compared to moderate-intensity steady state exercise (SSE). We hypothesized that greater sympathetic stimulation of soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and greater oxidative and nitrative stress on the vascular endothelium may transiently result from HIIE. PURPOSE: Determine the influence of HIIE on sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker of nitric oxide-dependent reactive nitrogen species and nitrative stress, relative to a comparable amount of moderate-intensity SSE and a dose that is half that of SSE. METHODS: Seventeen male participants (age 27.8 + 6.4 yr; weight …
Changes In Arterial Stiffness And Blood Pressure During Various Vascular Reactivity Tests, Jisok Lim, Miriam Pearman, Mohammed Alkatan, Daniel Machin, Wonil Park, Hirofumi Tanaka
Changes In Arterial Stiffness And Blood Pressure During Various Vascular Reactivity Tests, Jisok Lim, Miriam Pearman, Mohammed Alkatan, Daniel Machin, Wonil Park, Hirofumi Tanaka
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Increased arterial stiffness is an independent prognosis marker of elevated cardiovascular risks. However, some investigators have questioned the utility of arterial stiffness above and beyond the traditional blood pressure (BP) measurement as the change in arterial stiffness is often accompanied by the corresponding change in BP. Although the associations between chronic levels of arterial stiffness and BP have been fairly well studied, it is not clear if and how much arterial stiffness is influenced by acute changes in BP. PURPOSE: We determined magnitudes of BP-dependence of arterial stiffness during acute BP perturbations. METHODS: Thirty apparently healthy subjects (46±4 …
Passive Hyperthermia Therapy Similarly Reduces Arterial Blood Pressure In Obese Type 2 Diabetic And Healthy Individuals, Eric Rivas
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Diabetes which is associated with impaired glycemic control, can damage macro and microvasculature, and impair vascular relaxation (i.e., endothelial dysfunction). The high thermal conductance of hot water will cause thermoregulatory adjustments that increase cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume while reducing central venous pressure. This project tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of hot water hyperthermia will reduce arterial blood pressure during and following the exposure, but the response will be attenuated in obese type 2 diabetics. Eleven obese type 2 diabetics (T2D) (50.1 ± 12 y, 45 ± 7.1% fat mass, 7.5 ± 1.8% HbA1C) and nine …
Influence Of Decompression Rate On Hemodynamic Compensation To Continuous Lower Body Negative Pressure, Edward J. St. John Jr., William H. Cooke
Influence Of Decompression Rate On Hemodynamic Compensation To Continuous Lower Body Negative Pressure, Edward J. St. John Jr., William H. Cooke
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
We applied lower body negative pressure (LBNP) continuously, at three decompression rates, in an attempt to simulate uncontrolled hemorrhage as might be experienced by victims of traumatic injury. The purpose of our study was to determine whether hemodynamic compensations to simulated hemorrhage depend more on the magnitude, or the rate of change in pressure applied. Forty five (45) young, healthy subjects participated. We recorded the electrocardiogram, beat-to-beat arterial pressure (finger photoplethysmography), and measured cardiac output (inert gas rebreathing to calculate stroke volume) during continuous LBNP applied at three different decompression rates (n = 15 subjects for each rate; slow = …
Acute Flavanol Supplementation Improves The Attenuated Cerebral Vasodilatory Capacity In Young African Americans, Jordan C. Patik, Chansol Hurr, Michelle L. Harrison, R. Matthew Brothers
Acute Flavanol Supplementation Improves The Attenuated Cerebral Vasodilatory Capacity In Young African Americans, Jordan C. Patik, Chansol Hurr, Michelle L. Harrison, R. Matthew Brothers
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
African Americans (AA) have increased risk for cerebral vascular disease including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, or dementia relative to Caucasian Americans (CA). Our recent study found that AA have attenuated cerebral vasodilatory response to rebreathing-induced hypercapnia when compared with CA. Thus, we hypothesized that acute flavanol intake restores blunted cerebral responses in AA. Fourteen healthy college-aged AA and 14 age- and sex-matched CA participants were studied. A four-parameter logistic regression was used for curve fitting the responses of cerebral vascular conductance (%CVCi) relative to changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration. In AA, there were significant improvements in total range of changes …
Attenuated Cerebral Vasodilatory Capacity In Response To Hypercapnia In Young Obese Individuals, Janée D. Terwoord, Chansol Hurr, R. Matthew Brothers
Attenuated Cerebral Vasodilatory Capacity In Response To Hypercapnia In Young Obese Individuals, Janée D. Terwoord, Chansol Hurr, R. Matthew Brothers
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Obese individuals are at a greater risk for the development of a variety of cardio and cerebral vascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and stroke. Furthermore, obesity is associated with cognitive impairment and is a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The exact mechanisms of this elevated risk are not fully characterized; however, impaired microvascular function is believed to be a contributor. This study tested the hypothesis that the cerebral vasodilatory capacity in response to hypercapnia is reduced in obese individuals relative to age and sex matched lean counterparts. Cerebral blood velocity (CBFV) was measured using transcranial …
A Comparison Of Cardiovascular Adaptations Between High And Low Altitudes, Arthur J. Babcock, Jim Newberry
A Comparison Of Cardiovascular Adaptations Between High And Low Altitudes, Arthur J. Babcock, Jim Newberry
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
As you ascend to a higher elevation, atmospheric pressure decreases. This is, followed by a decrease in the supply of oxygen. If someone has not acclimated at altitude, then they can suffer some symptoms of acute mountain sickness, HAPE (High Altitude Pulmonary Edema), and HACE (High Altitude Cerebral Edema). Acclimating at altitude is important for the body to physiologically adapt to the surrounding environment and to help with an increase in oxygen saturation, a lower heart rate, and lower blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to determine if living at high or low altitude would affect oxygen saturation. …
Influence Of Tetrahydrobiopterin Supplementation On Rate Pressure Product, Upender Cheeti, Matthew Barlow Dr, David Proctor Dr
Influence Of Tetrahydrobiopterin Supplementation On Rate Pressure Product, Upender Cheeti, Matthew Barlow Dr, David Proctor Dr
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Augmentation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) could potentially improve eNOS uncoupling by increasing Nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability to improve endothelial health in cardiovascular diseases. With age, the bioactivity of eNOS decreases resulting in a decrease in concentration and bioavailability of NO. Elevated levels of eNOS cofactor BH4 helps in synthesizing NO, whereas limited concentrations of BH4 production potentiallyleads to uncoupling of eNOS and the production of superoxides. A study conducted by Pierce et al., 2012 on young and old men showed that limited BH4 bioavailability contributed to impaired arterial compliance, elasticity and other hemodynamics of vascular tissue. …
Consumption Of A High-Fat Meal Increased Monocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression And Oxldl Phagocytosis: Implications For Cardiovascular Disease Risk?, Andrea L. Henning, Jill N. Sampson, Adam S. Venable, Eric A. Prado, David W. Hill, Jakob L. Vingren, Brian K. Mcfarlin
Consumption Of A High-Fat Meal Increased Monocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression And Oxldl Phagocytosis: Implications For Cardiovascular Disease Risk?, Andrea L. Henning, Jill N. Sampson, Adam S. Venable, Eric A. Prado, David W. Hill, Jakob L. Vingren, Brian K. Mcfarlin
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Macrophage-derived foam cells are the predominant component of arterial plaques in the early stages of atherosclerosis. The deposition of arterial plaques is effected by several factors that are influenced by a person’s daily nutritional habits. One factor that poses a major risk for plaque development is high levels of plasma LDL resulting from the consumption of a high-fat meal. In order to understand how an individuals’ diet effects arterial plaque deposition via the process of foam cell formation, we measured the acute response in circulating monocyte activity after consuming a high-fat meal. Samples were acquired on a FlowSight (EMD Millipore) …