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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology
The Effects Of Mental Training On Acute Psychophysiological Stress Responses In Endurance Athletes, Shelanda Antonia Maria Kujala
The Effects Of Mental Training On Acute Psychophysiological Stress Responses In Endurance Athletes, Shelanda Antonia Maria Kujala
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: In sports, pre-competition stress responses can influence performance. Mental skills training is a strategy used to successfully mitigate stress responses and positively impact performance. Psychological (e.g., anxiety) and physiological (e.g., cortisol) stress responses are not often measured in a single study, providing an incomplete picture of athlete experiences. When researchers have measured these constructs together, studies have excluded endurance athletes and ways to effectively buffer stress responses. Purpose: The current study had two aims. 1. How will athlete’s perceptions of stress and physiological markers of stress be related to each other? 2. How will athlete’s perceptions of stress and …
Tibial Compression During Activities Of Daily Living In Young And Older Adults, Elijah Miles Walker
Tibial Compression During Activities Of Daily Living In Young And Older Adults, Elijah Miles Walker
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Stress fracture, particularly in the tibia, is a growing concern among older adults (greater than 65 years). Older adults may have inherent stress fracture risk from ageing-related changes to their musculoskeletal system. Specifically, older adults reduced ankle neuromuscular function may impair their ability to attenuate repetitive compressive forces experienced during daily locomotor tasks and increase the likelihood of suffering bone damage from decreased bone tissue elasticity. Yet, it is currently unknown if older adults exhibit greater tibial compression than their younger counterparts during locomotor tasks. Purpose: This study sought to quantify tibial compression for older and younger adults when …
Validation Of Non-Invasive Co2 Tolerance Field Test, Joshua T. Murphey
Validation Of Non-Invasive Co2 Tolerance Field Test, Joshua T. Murphey
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: Breathwork, or the specific act of controlling breathing to elicit a desired outcome, is not only a potential way to improve one’s mental well-being but also to alter adaptative responses through gas exchange at the capillary level. Increasing tolerance to carbon dioxide (CO2) has been positively correlated with improvement in athletic performance and reduction of stress and anxiety. However, there does not exist a validated non-invasive test to accurately measure one’s tolerance to CO2. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the only currently known CO2 tolerance (CO2T) field test …
Effects Of Aging On Patellofemoral Joint Stress During Stair Negotiation On Challenging Surfaces, Nicholas Lynn Hunt
Effects Of Aging On Patellofemoral Joint Stress During Stair Negotiation On Challenging Surfaces, Nicholas Lynn Hunt
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Patellofemoral pain is an incessant lower limb musculoskeletal disorder that may be underreported in older adults. During common locomotor activities, such as when negotiating stairs, older adults (over the age of 65 years) adopt knee biomechanics reported to increase patellofemoral pain. Negotiating stairs with a challenging surface, such as uneven or slick, may place greater demand on the knee and further exacerbate joint biomechanics related to PFJ stress. Yet, it is unknown if older adults exhibit increases in patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stress when negotiating stairs with challenging surfaces. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect …
Prolonged Load Carriage Impacts Magnitude And Velocity Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Gaervyn John Salverda
Prolonged Load Carriage Impacts Magnitude And Velocity Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Gaervyn John Salverda
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Adopting knee adduction biomechanics during prolonged load carriage, a common military occupational activity, may increase service members knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk. Although service members reportedly increase knee adduction motions and moments during prolonged load carriage, it is unknown if either body borne load or walk duration increases velocity of knee adduction biomechanics, and subsequent knee OA risk. Varus thrust and alignment are also related to greater knee OA risk, yet it is unknown whether varus thrust and/or alignment are related to magnitude and velocity of knee adduction biomechanics during prolonged load carriage. Purpose: To determine whether body borne load …
Movement Integration In Classrooms: Factors Associated With The Adoption And Implementation Of Physical Activity In Us Elementary Schools, R. Blake Densley
Movement Integration In Classrooms: Factors Associated With The Adoption And Implementation Of Physical Activity In Us Elementary Schools, R. Blake Densley
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The intentional integration of movement in elementary school classrooms—including both brief instructional breaks for physical activity, or the integration of physical activity with lessons—can benefit children’s physical health and education outcomes. Teachers are key implementation agents, but despite movement integration (MI) being considered an educational best practice, many classroom teachers do not regularly use it. The aim of this study was to obtain updated nationally-representative prevalence estimates in US public elementary schools, regarding four key outcomes pertaining to teachers’ implementation of physical activity: 1) school adoption of physically active lessons (PALs); 2) school adoption of physical activity breaks (PABs); 3) …
Effects Of A Mental Skills Training Program On Performance In Distance Runners, Neil Patrick Bangs
Effects Of A Mental Skills Training Program On Performance In Distance Runners, Neil Patrick Bangs
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Anxiety affects nearly 20% of the United States population and can have a significant impact on athletic performance. However, athletes can mitigate the effects of performance anxiety through the use of mental skills and mindfulness training. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if a mental training and mindfulness intervention could reduce anxiety and enhance performance in distance runners. Hypothesis: The hypothesis of the study was that athletes would experience less anxiety, increased levels of mindfulness, and improved performance following a four-workshop intervention. Methods: Distance runners engaged in a mental skills and mindfulness training program where we …
Effects Of Prolonged Load Carriage Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Micah Daniel Drew
Effects Of Prolonged Load Carriage Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Micah Daniel Drew
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in service members is twice that of the general population. Yet, it is currently unknown how body borne load and duration of walking with body borne load impact knee adduction, biomechanics linked to progression and severity of OA. Purpose: This study sought to examine magnitude and variability of knee adduction joint angle and moment throughout a prolonged walking task with body borne load. Methods: Eighteen participants had knee biomechanics quantified every five minutes while they walked at 1.3 m/s during a 60-minute over-ground walking task with three body-borne loads (unloaded, 15 kg and 30 …
Sagittal And Frontal Plane Knee Angular Jerk Effects During Prolonged Load Carriage, Samantha M. Krammer
Sagittal And Frontal Plane Knee Angular Jerk Effects During Prolonged Load Carriage, Samantha M. Krammer
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are a costly military problem that routinely occur during training. Quantifying smoothness of knee motion, or angular knee jerk, may be an effective measure to monitor injury risk during training, but to date, the effects of body borne load and prolonged locomotion on angular knee jerk are unknown. Purpose: This study sought to quantify angular knee jerk for frontal and sagittal plane motion during prolonged load carriage. Methods: Eighteen participants had peak and cost of angular jerk for frontal and sagittal plane knee motion quantified while they walked (1.3 m/s) 60-minutes with three body borne loads (0, …
Analyzing Change-Of-Direction And The Laterally Resisted Split Squat: Incorporating A Lateral Vector Into The Single Leg Squat, Derek Maddy
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Improving change of direction (COD) with the use of strength training has led to mixed results. To date, the modified single leg squat (MSLS) and the bilateral squat (BS) have been successfully used to improve COD, with equal improvement. COD is primarily performed at a 45-75° frontal plane angle; however, the MSLS and BS are performed at a 90° frontal plane angle. Based on the force vector theory, it is proposed that a more mechanically similar strength training exercise, the Laterally Resisted Split Squat (LRSS), be used. The purpose of this study is to compare COD with the LRSS, MSLS, …
Early Changes In Memory, Motor Coordination And Strength In The Transgenic Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tgf344-Ad, Mark Andrew Winslow
Early Changes In Memory, Motor Coordination And Strength In The Transgenic Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tgf344-Ad, Mark Andrew Winslow
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and an estimated 5.7 million American’s are currently suffering from this disease resulting in $277 billion in health care costs as of 2018. As the number of cases and cost are expected to double by 2050, new approaches are needed to properly identify at-risk individuals prior to irreversible changes to the brain caused by this disease. Purpose: Through the use of a novel rodent model, this study assessed early changes in muscular coordination and strength relative to cognitive decline due to AD, as well as providing insight into the …
Validity Of The Polar M430 Among Females Of Varying Fitness Levels, Body Fat Percentage, And Reported Physical Activity, Kevin Earl Miller
Validity Of The Polar M430 Among Females Of Varying Fitness Levels, Body Fat Percentage, And Reported Physical Activity, Kevin Earl Miller
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: The Polar M430 is a heart rate monitor that uses a non-exercise prediction method to predict one’s V̇O2max. Research has revealed that this method will overestimate predicted V̇O2max among females. Studies have investigated the validity of this method, however, these studies have not taken into account how physical activity (PA) levels, body fat percentage, or measured V̇O2max could affect the prediction value. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the Polar M430 in predicting V̇O2max amongst females of varying PA levels, body fat percentages, and fitness levels. Methods: Forty-eight …
The Relationship Between Perfectionism And Self-Determined Motivation In Collegiate Division I Athletes, Christian Sengfelder
The Relationship Between Perfectionism And Self-Determined Motivation In Collegiate Division I Athletes, Christian Sengfelder
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: An athlete’s performance is dependent on both psychological and physical factors. Perfectionism and motivation are two psychological factors that can influence performance of athletes in a positive or negative manner. The relationship between perfectionism and motivation has been studied previously, but the relationship has not been studied with sport specific measurements and the collegiate athlete population has largely been ignored. Purpose: To investigate the levels of perfectionism and motivation in collegiate Division I student-athletes and determine how the forms of perfectionism (adaptive versus maladaptive) are related to the different levels of motivation (controlled vs autonomous forms) in this …
Transitioning Out Of Sport: Perspectives Of Student-Athlete Support Or Development Services, Alison Ohashi
Transitioning Out Of Sport: Perspectives Of Student-Athlete Support Or Development Services, Alison Ohashi
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Despite the substantial amount of literature on career transitions in sport, there is insufficient research examining the social support system within college athletics as it is an important resource for student-athletes, especially for their success later in life. Likewise, there are currently no studies exploring athletic retirement from the perspective of student-athlete support or development services, a section of athletic departments that provides programming for the success of their student-athletes. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the implications of athletic retirement from the perspective of directors and/or associate directors of student-athlete support or development services of …
Acute Effects Of The Training Mask On Short-Term Recovery During Rowing Intervals, Hayden W. Hess
Acute Effects Of The Training Mask On Short-Term Recovery During Rowing Intervals, Hayden W. Hess
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of the Training Mask 2.0 (TM) on performance (m), blood lactate, heart rate recovery (HRR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q̇), heart rate variability (HRV), and breath rate recovery (BRR) when used during short-term recovery. Methods: Seven trained males completed two interval training conditions (TM and Sham TM). Each condition consisted of five, 1-min, max effort rows with 3-min recoveries. The TM (or Sham TM) was worn during each 3-min recovery. A repeated measures 2x5 (condition x interval) ANOVA was used to determine significant main effects for condition or …
Improving Power Output In Older Adults Utilizing Plyometrics In An Alterg Treadmill, Tyler Dobbs
Improving Power Output In Older Adults Utilizing Plyometrics In An Alterg Treadmill, Tyler Dobbs
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to compare functional strength and power output in older adults who completed plyometric training in an AlterG treadmill compared to older adults who completed traditional resistance training. Methods: Twenty-three older adults were randomized to a strength (SG), plyometric (PG), or control group (CG). SG and PG exercised 3x/week for 8 weeks while CG performed no exercise. Measures of a timed sit-to-stand, stair climb, estimated maximal muscular strength, and isokinetic power were taken at pre and post testing. A repeated measures 2x3 (time x group) ANOVA was used to determine if there was a significant …
Effects Of Attentional Focus On An Underhand Tossing Task Among Young Children, Amanda B. Seneri
Effects Of Attentional Focus On An Underhand Tossing Task Among Young Children, Amanda B. Seneri
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Research has shown that externally focused instruction and feedback has positive effects on skill acquisition and performance outcomes among adults (Wulf, 2007, 2013). However, in children, there are mixed findings as to whether an external or internal focus of attention is most effective (Chiviacowsky, Wulf, & Ávila, 2013; Emanuel, Jarus, & Bart, 2008; Perreault, 2013; Thorn, 2006; Wulf, Chiviacowsky, Schiller, & Ávila, 2010). Currently, there is a gap in the attentional focus literature and a need to research young children, under the age of eight, whose cognitive development is not as matured as older children or adults (Gallagher & Thomas, …
Physiologic Responses Of Firefighting Training Officers In The Structured Live-Fire Firefighting Training, Takahisa Koide
Physiologic Responses Of Firefighting Training Officers In The Structured Live-Fire Firefighting Training, Takahisa Koide
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Firefighting is one of the most strenuous and dangerous occupations in the community. Training Officers are senior firefighters who take on the preparation and education of their fellow firefighters. One of the Training Officers’ tasks is structured live-fire training. During live-fire training, they are exposed to the stress of fire and high heat multiple times per day. In spite of this issue, there is no research focusing on Training Officers during the live-fire training evolution. Purpose: The present study was a pilot study to measure the stress experienced in the live-fire training and possibly reduce this stress by managing …
The Effect Of Attentional Focus Instructions On Golf Swing Performance In Recreational Golfers, Jeffrey D. Eggleston
The Effect Of Attentional Focus Instructions On Golf Swing Performance In Recreational Golfers, Jeffrey D. Eggleston
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has addressed the effectiveness of attentional focus instructions in improving golf performance with a single training session. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of external (EF) attentional focus instructions on recreational golfers’ performance over a distributed training period and extended retention interval. Performance was measured by club head velocity (CHV) and X-factor as both have been correlated with greater performance. The current study extends the work of An, Wulf, and Kim (2013), by increasing the training period and retention interval. It was hypothesized EF group would have greater CHV and X-factor measurements during …
Effect Of Weight Loss Training Protocol Using Two Different Treadmills For Obese Individuals, Kristi Lynn Bercier
Effect Of Weight Loss Training Protocol Using Two Different Treadmills For Obese Individuals, Kristi Lynn Bercier
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The AlterG Anti-Gravity Treadmill allows individuals to walk at reduced body weight by using lower body positive pressure (LBPP). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to discern if the AlterG Anti-Gravity Treadmill was an effective tool to use in a weight loss walking program with obese individuals when compared to walking on a traditional treadmill. METHODS: Fifteen male (n = 3) and female (n = 12) obese participants, aged 18-55 years old with an average body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2), were randomly assigned to the AlterG treadmill (AlterG; n = 6) and traditional treadmill (TT; …
Strategies To Decrease Movement Variability In The Ankle Joint In Cyclists, Claudia Guadalupe Chavez
Strategies To Decrease Movement Variability In The Ankle Joint In Cyclists, Claudia Guadalupe Chavez
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Coordination variability is thought to be indicative of a cyclist’s skill level as novices have higher levels of variability than experts (Sides & Wilson, 2012). It was hypothesized that the externally focused instructions with visual feedback group would decrease coordination variability in the ankle joint to a greater extent than those in the internally focused instructions with visual feedback group. Six cyclists (30-40 years) completed a four day acquisition period and a retention test. During this time participants cycled for 10-15 minutes at a power output equal to 2.0-2.5W/kg of body mass. Participants were provided with internally or externally focused …
An Examination Of Finish Time Variation For Collegiate Cross Country National Championships By Gender, Kevin Riley Peters
An Examination Of Finish Time Variation For Collegiate Cross Country National Championships By Gender, Kevin Riley Peters
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
In cross country, women compete over shorter distances than men with little justification for these differences. The purpose of this study was to assess gender differences for the spread of finishing times and examine the appropriateness of shorter competition distances for females. Forty-six cross country national championship data sets (nmales = 10,788; nfemales = 10,884) from the NCAA (1999-2011) and NAIA (2005-2011) were utilized for analyses. Several measures of variation were computed to assess spread of finishing times data (i.e., Coefficient of Variation [CV]; Interpercentile Ranges [IR], and Rates of Separation [RS; IR divided by the distance …
Kinematics And Muscle Activation Patterns During Simulated Uphill Pedaling On An Indoor Cycle Ergometer, Benjamin Thomas Stein
Kinematics And Muscle Activation Patterns During Simulated Uphill Pedaling On An Indoor Cycle Ergometer, Benjamin Thomas Stein
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: An indoor cycle ergometer allows for competitive and recreational mountain bike cyclists to simulate uphill conditions with precisely controlled and monitored pedaling. While simulating an uphill condition indoors, with or without a climbing block, the cyclist body may not be in the same position as while pedaling outdoors. This possible difference in body position may have training implications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there are differences in kinematics and/or muscle activation patterns while pedaling on a level surface compared to an inclined surface while pedaling on a mountain bike on an indoor cycle …
Differences In The Mechanics Between The Dominant And Non-Dominant Plant Limb During Instep Soccer Kicking, Cassidy M. Berlin
Differences In The Mechanics Between The Dominant And Non-Dominant Plant Limb During Instep Soccer Kicking, Cassidy M. Berlin
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: Over the past 15 years, participation in women’s soccer has increased drastically and with that comes increased exposure to injury. When athletes perform deceleration tasks, such as planting the limb during a kick, there is an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Low knee flexion angles at contact, high posterior ground reaction force (GRF), increased lateral trunk lean, high knee abduction angle, and high knee external rotation of the knee have all been identified as potential mechanisms of ACL injury during deceleration tasks. At higher levels of competition, a soccer player becomes more valuable if they are …
Walk-Run Transition Speed And The Relevance Of Loading, Muscular Fatigue, And Human Kinematics: A Comparison Of Human Gait Patterns, Callie Elizabeth Gunderson
Walk-Run Transition Speed And The Relevance Of Loading, Muscular Fatigue, And Human Kinematics: A Comparison Of Human Gait Patterns, Callie Elizabeth Gunderson
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: The walk-to-run transition (WRT) typically occurs at a preferred transition speed (PTS) of 1.9-2.1ms-1. Previous research has focused on potential triggers for this transition such as leg length, muscular fatigue, loading rates (LR), and vertical ground reaction forces (VGRFs). Rather than focus on mechanisms responsible for the transition, the purpose of the current study was to determine if basic anthropometrics or gait characteristics are predictive of the WRT. METHODS: Thirty participants were recruited for the current study (n = 13 male, 17 female; n = 11 normal weight, n = 10 overweight, n = …
Differences In Muscle Activation In The Lower Extremities While Performing Traditional Squats And Non-Traditional Squats, Christopher M. Scotten
Differences In Muscle Activation In The Lower Extremities While Performing Traditional Squats And Non-Traditional Squats, Christopher M. Scotten
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: To determine if muscle activation in the lower back and lower extremities differ when performing traditional squats compared to non-traditional (forward center of pressure on foot) squats. The erector spinae, hamstrings, quadriceps, adductor longus, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus muscles were monitored for differences in this study. There are several variations of the back squat and each variation may possibly target muscles differently. Determining if non-traditional squats leads to larger erector spinae muscle activation, which in turn may lead to more lower back fatigue and possible lower back injury is a major aim of this study. Participants: Thirteen healthy males …
A Case Study On The Use Of Athletic Performance Strategies In An Elite Athlete’S Management Of Pancreatic Cancer, Brooke Elisabeth Harris
A Case Study On The Use Of Athletic Performance Strategies In An Elite Athlete’S Management Of Pancreatic Cancer, Brooke Elisabeth Harris
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
In 2007, 11.7 million people in the United States were living with a cancer diagnosis. Specifically, 12 in every 100,000 Americans are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer each year. The five year survival rate of pancreatic cancer in the United States is only 5.6% (National Cancer Institute, 2007). In addition to traditional pharmacological treatments, physical activity has been increasingly used to help individuals successfully cope with cancer. One area that has not been studied extensively is the use of sport psychology techniques to help athletes cope with cancer. It is possible that these techniques, learned by elite athletes during their careers, …
An Examination Of Strength Training Practices In A Sample Of Varsity High School Athletic Programs In Idaho, Monica Lynn Reynolds
An Examination Of Strength Training Practices In A Sample Of Varsity High School Athletic Programs In Idaho, Monica Lynn Reynolds
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The use of strength training, or resistance training to improve athletic performance, is growing among athletes of all ages. Currently, Idaho possesses no rules, regulations, and/or guidance for varsity high school athletics and strength training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to explore the current practices for varsity level high school athletes and strength training. Specifically, examined were: who designs and implements strength training programs for varsity high school athletes, what kinds of training activities they do for their programs, and whether the responsible party or emphasis of strength training changes depending on the gender of the athletes. METHODS: …
Hip Power Asymmetry In Older Adult Fallers And Non-Fallers, Lauren Grace Mcdonald
Hip Power Asymmetry In Older Adult Fallers And Non-Fallers, Lauren Grace Mcdonald
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine if a difference exists in hip power asymmetry between community-dwelling older adult fallers and non-fallers. Hypothesis: fallers would be more asymmetrical than non-fallers. Participants: 21 non-fallers (10 females, 11 males) and 18 fallers (14 females, 4 males) over the age of 65 (76.5 ± 6.9yrs). Method: Isokinetic peak torque during flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction at four velocities was recorded as measures of leg power. Asymmetry equaled the percent of power difference between each leg. Data analysis: Differences in age, physical activity, height, weight, and BMI were assessed …
An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of An 8-Week Bikram Yoga Program On Mindfulness, Perceived Stress, And Physical Fitness, Zoe Louise Hewett
An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of An 8-Week Bikram Yoga Program On Mindfulness, Perceived Stress, And Physical Fitness, Zoe Louise Hewett
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has examined the effects of yoga on levels of mindfulness. The physical and psychological outcomes of participation in a Bikram yoga program have not been thoroughly researched, yet this type of yoga may be significant with regards to stress management and inactivity due to its unique method of practice. The purpose of this study was to observe the changes in the levels of mindfulness, perceived stress and physical fitness due to participation in an 8-week Bikram yoga program. It was hypothesized that participants would show improvements in mindfulness, perceived stress and physical fitness. Fifty-one males and females between …