Kinesiology Commons^™

A Multicentre Year-Long Randomised Controlled Trial Of Exercise Training Targeting Physical Functioning In Men With Prostate Cancer Previously Treated With Androgen Suppression And Radiation From Trog 03.04 Radar, Daniel Galvao, Nigel Spry, James Denham, Dennis Taaffe, Prue Cormie, David Joseph, David Lamb, Suzanne Chambers, Robert Newton

Prue Cormie

Background: Long-term prostate cancer (PCa) survivors are at increased risk for comorbidities and physical deconditioning. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a year-long randomised controlled trial of exercise training in PCa survivors >5 yr postdiagnosis on physical functioning. Design, setting, and participants: Between 2010 and 2011, 100 long-term PCa survivors from Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group 03.04 Randomised Androgen Deprivation and Radiotherapy previously treated with androgen-deprivation therapy and radiation therapy were randomly assigned to 6 mo of supervised exercise followed by 6 mo of a home-based maintenance programme (n = 50) or printed educational material about physical activity (n = 50) …

Exercise Maintains Sexual Activity In Men Undergoing Androgen Suppression For Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Prue Cormie, Robert Newton, Dennis Taaffe, Nigel Spry, David Joseph, M Akhlil Hamid, Daniel Galvao

Prue Cormie

Background:Previous research has shown exercise to be an effective method to mitigate many adverse treatment-related effects of androgen suppression therapy (AST) but the potential impact of exercise on sexual activity remains unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to report the effect of a 12-week exercise program on sexual activity in prostate cancer patients undergoing AST.Methods:Fifty-seven prostate cancer patients undergoing AST were randomly assigned to an exercise program (resistance and aerobic modes; n=29) or usual care control (n=28). Sexual activity was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer prostate cancer-specific quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-PR25).Results:QLQ-PR25 data …

Knee Angle-Specific Emg Normalization: The Use Of Polynomial Based Emg-Angle Relationships, J Earp, R Newton, Prue Cormie, A Blazevich

Prue Cormie

The normalization of EMG signals to those recorded during a maximal voluntary contraction provides a valid construct for comparisons of relative muscle activity. However, the length dependence of muscle activation and purported, substantial, muscle translocation and changes in muscle architecture during dynamic movements presents a need for joint angle-dependent normalization processes. The purposes of the present study were to: (1) quantify variations in muscle activity across a large ROM, (2) determine the accuracy with which fitted EMG-joint angle curves accurately characterized these variations, and (3) compare peak (EMG-P) and average (EMG-A) EMG amplitudes obtained during a countermovement leg extension when …

Practical Applications Of Biomechanical Principles In Resistance Training: Neuromuscular Factors And Relationships, Jason Lake, Paul A. Swinton, Justin Keogh

Justin Keogh

This paper is the second in our three part series examining how a variety of biomechanical principles and concepts have direct relevance to the prescription of resistance training for the general and athletic populations as well as for musculoskeletal injury rehabilitation. In this paper, we considered different neuromuscular characteristics of resistance exercise. We started by defining the causes of motion, discussing force and Newton’s second law of linear motion. This led to discussion of impulse, and how its relationship with momentum can be used to study force-time curves recorded from different ground-based resistance exercises. This enables the sports biomechanist to …

The Effects Of Functional Fatigue On Ground Reaction Forces Of A Jump, Land, And Cut Task, Mikaela Boham, Mark Debeliso, Chad Harris, Ronald Pfeiffer, John Mcchesney, Joseph M. Berning

John W. McChesney Ph.,D.

Rapid acceleration, deceleration, landing and change of direction have been implicated as mechanisms of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. PURPOSE: To examine the ground reaction forces occurring to the knee during non-fatigued and fatigued jump, land and cut maneuvers in three unplanned cutting directions. METHODS: Eleven healthy, adult female collegiate soccer athletes participated in this study (age= 20.3±0.9 years; height= 167.4±4.8 cm; mass= 63.7±7.7 kg). Each subject was instructed to perform 9 jump, land, and cut maneuvers in a pre-fatigued state and fatigued state. The protocols were randomly assigned to include 3 cuts in each of the three directions. …

Developing A Statewide Childhood Body Mass Index Surveillance Program, Yong Gao, Laura Petranek, Jane Shimon

Jane Shimon

Background

Several states have implemented childhood obesity surveillance programs supported by legislation. Representatives from Idaho wished to develop a model for childhood obesity surveillance without the support of state legislation, and subsequently report predictors of overweight and obesity in the state.

Methods

A coalition comprised of the Idaho State Department of Education and 4 universities identified a randomized cluster sample of schools. After obtaining school administrator consent, measurement teams traveled to each school to measure height and weight of students. Sex and race/ethnicity data were also collected.

Results

The collaboration between the universities resulted in a sample of 6735 students …

African Elephants Change Gaits When Walking Downhill, Robert H.I. Dale, Robert Warren, Brock Ward, Eric Noble

Robert H. I. Dale

Abstract from the International Elephant and Rhino Conservation and Research Symposium, Rotterdam, NL, October 10-14, 2011.

Ampk Activation: A Therapeutic Target For Type 2 Diabetes?, Kimberly A. Coughlan, Rudy Valentine, Neil B. Ruderman, Asish K. Saha

Rudy Valentine

The Locomotor Kinematics Of Asian And African Elephants: Changes With Speed And Size, John R. Hutchinson, Delf Schwerda, Daniel J. Famini, Robert H.I. Dale, Martin S. Fischer, Rodger Kram

Robert H. I. Dale

For centuries, elephant locomotion has been a contentious and confusing challenge for locomotion scientists to understand, not only because of technical difficulties but also because elephant locomotion is in some ways atypical of more familiar quadrupedal gaits. We analyzed the locomotor kinematics of over 2400 strides from 14 African and 48 Asian elephant individuals (body mass 116-4632 kg) freely moving over ground at a 17-fold range of speeds, from slow walking at 0.40 m s-1 to the fastest reliably recorded speed for elephants, 6.8 m s-1. These data reveal that African and Asian elephants have some subtle differences in how …

Impact Shock Frequency Components And Attenuation In Rearfoot And Forefoot Running, Allison H. Gruber, Katherine A. Boyer, Timothy R. Derrick, Joseph Hamill

Katherine A. Boyer

Background The forefoot running footfall pattern has been suggested to reduce the risk of developing running related overuse injuries due to a reduction of impact related variables compared with the rearfoot running footfall pattern. However, only time-domain impact variables have been compared between footfall patterns. The frequency content of the impact shock and the degree to which it is attenuated may be of greater importance for injury risk and prevention than time-domain variables. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the differences in head and tibial acceleration signal power and shock attenuation between rearfoot and forefoot running. Methods …

Effects Of Foot Position During Squatting On The Quadriceps Femoris: An Electromyographic Study, Nicholas Murray, Daniel Cipriani, Denise O'Rand, Rebecca Reed-Jones

Daniel Cipriani

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(2) : 114-125, 2013. Weightlifters have commonly believed that changing joint position can alter specific muscle activation. The magnitude of force produced by a muscle is highly dependent upon the length of the muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of foot positioning on muscle activation of the superficial quadriceps as measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) during a functional squatting movement in healthy adults. Twenty physically active asymptomatic adults (7 females and 13 males) were included in the study while four different foot positions (Neutral, Internally Rotated, Externally Rotated, and Staggered) …

The Influence Of Body Mass On Calculation Of Power During Lower-Body Resistance Exercises, Prue Cormie, J.M Mcbride, G.O. Mccaulley

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Validation Of Power Measurement Techniques In Dynamic Lower Body Resistance Exercises, Prue Cormie, J.M Mcbride, G.O Mccaulley

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Power-Time, Force-Time, And Velocity-Time Curve Analysis Of The Countermovement Jump: Impact Of Training, Prue Cormie, Jeffrey Mcbride, Grant Mccaulley

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Power In Resistance Exercise, James Nuzzo, Prue Cormie, Jeffrey Mcbride

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Body Mass On Calculation Of Power During Lower Body Resistance Exercises, Prue Cormie, Jm Mcbride, Go Mccaulley

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Muscle Deoxygenation During Repeated Sprint Running: Effect Of Active Vs. Passive Recovery , M Buchheit, Prue Cormie, Christopher Abbiss, S Ahmaidi, Kazunori (Ken) Nosaka, Paul Laursen

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Does An Optimal Load Exist For Power Training? , Prue Cormie, Sean P Flanagan

Prue Cormie

No abstract provided.

Factor Structure Of The Chinese Service Quality Assessment Scale, Siu-Yin Cheung, Eddie Lam, Jia-Wen Shao, Jennifer Mak

Jennifer Y Mak

The quality of service has been the major subject of interest for business and academia. The aims of this study were to investigate the service quality of fitness clubs in Hong Kong and Guangzhou and to examine the underlying factor structure of the Service Quality Assessment Scale (SQAS; Lam, Zhang, & Jensen, 2005) in the Chinese context.

One Step At A Time: A Journey Of Hope, Inspiration, And Determination, Melinda Hermanns, Barbara K. Haas

Melinda Hermanns

Ua Scholar Poster Final.Ppt, Mary Jo Maccracken

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken

Comprehensive Psychology-2014-Stadulis-07.13.Cp.3.12.Pdf, Robert E. Stadulis, Angela Neal-Barnett, Mary Jo Maccracken, Lisa Fender-Scarr

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken

Ankle Plantarflexion Strength In Rearfoot And Forefoot Runners: A Novel Clusteranalytic Approach, Dominik Liebl, Steffen Willwacher, Joseph Hamill, Gert-Peter Brüggemann

Joseph Hamill

The purpose of the present study was to test for differences in ankle plantarflexion strengths of habitually rearfoot and forefoot runners. In order to approach this issue, we revisit the problem of classifying different footfall patterns in human runners. A dataset of 119 subjects running shod and barefoot (speed 3.5 m/s) was analyzed. The footfall patterns were clustered by a novel statistical approach, which is motivated by advances in the statistical literature on functional data analysis. We explain the novel statistical approach in detail and compare it to the classically used strike index of Cavanagh and Lafortune (1980). The two …

Skeletal Muscle Myofilament Adaptations To Aging, Disease And Disuse And Their Effects On Whole Muscle Performance In Older Adult Humans, Mark S. Miller, Damien M. Callahan, Michael J. Toth

Mark S. Miller

Skeletal muscle contractile function declines with aging, disease, and disuse. In vivo muscle contractile function depends on a variety of factors, but force, contractile velocity and power generating capacity ultimately derive from the summed contribution of single muscle fibers. The contractile performance of these fibers are, in turn, dependent upon the isoform and function of myofilament proteins they express, with myosin protein expression and its mechanical and kinetic characteristics playing a predominant role. Alterations in myofilament protein biology, therefore, may contribute to the development of functional limitations and disability in these conditions. Recent studies suggest that these conditions are associated …

Elite Female Tae Kwon Do Athletes Have Faster Reaction Time And Longer Movement Time Than Males During A Striking Kick, Ulysses Fernandes Ervilha, Valmar Fernandes Da Silva, Rubens Correa Araújo, Luis Mochizuki, Joseph Hamill

Joseph Hamill

Background & Study Aim: An important aspect of ap bal ap dolio tchagui kick in tae kwon do is that it is usually performed in reaction to a signal or event. That is, given a specific stimulus (i.e. the movement of the opponent), the tae kwon do athlete must react as quickly and accurately as possible to the stimulus. Reacting to a stimulus requires preparation and it is essential to determine this preparation of an elite athlete to perform a task. Therefore, to investigate this movement a reaction time paradigm is appropriate wherein the athlete accomplishes the kick in response …

Acute Effect Of Different Minimalist Shoes On Foot Strike Pattern And Kinematics In Rearfoot Strikers During Running, Roberto Squadrone, Renato Rodano, Joseph Hamill, Ezio Preatoni

Joseph Hamill

Despite the growing interest in minimalist shoes, no studies have compared the efficacy of different types of minimalist shoe models in reproducing barefoot running patterns and in eliciting biomechanical changes that make them differ from standard cushioned running shoes. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of different footwear models, marketed as “minimalist” by their manufacturer, on running biomechanics. Six running shoes marketed as barefoot/minimalist models, a standard cushioned shoe and the barefoot condition were tested. Foot–/shoe–ground pressure and three-dimensional lower limb kinematics were measured in experienced rearfoot strike runners while they were running at 3.33 …

Validation Of A Previous Day Recall For Measuring The Location And Purpose Of Active And Sedentary Behaviors Compared To Direct Observation, Sarah Kozey Keadle, Kate Lyden, Amanda Hickey, Evan L. Ray, Jay H. Fowke, Patty S. Freedson, Charles E. Matthews

Patty S. Freedson

Purpose Gathering contextual information (i.e., location and purpose) about active and sedentary behaviors is an advantage of self-report tools such as previous day recalls (PDR). However, the validity of PDR’s for measuring context has not been empirically tested. The purpose of this paper was to compare PDR estimates of location and purpose to direct observation (DO). Methods Fifteen adult (18–75 y) and 15 adolescent (12–17 y) participants were directly observed during at least one segment of the day (i.e., morning, afternoon or evening). Participants completed their normal daily routine while trained observers recorded the location (i.e., home, community, work/school), purpose …