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University of Nebraska - Lincoln

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2003

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Articles 1 - 30 of 43

Full-Text Articles in Immunology and Infectious Disease

Presidential Address: Flavor Buds And Other Delights, Robin M. Overstreet Dec 2003

Presidential Address: Flavor Buds And Other Delights, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Presidential address at the 78th Annual Meeting, American Society of Parasitologists, August 2, 2003, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, by Robin M. Overtsreet.


A New Species Of Mathevotaenia (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) And Other Tapeworms From Marsupials In Argentina, Scott Lyell Gardner, Mariel L. Campbell, Graciela T. Navone Dec 2003

A New Species Of Mathevotaenia (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) And Other Tapeworms From Marsupials In Argentina, Scott Lyell Gardner, Mariel L. Campbell, Graciela T. Navone

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Cestodes are reported from Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840 and Micoureus cinereus Temminck, 1824 (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) in Argentina. These include a new species of Mathevotaenia Akhumyan, 1946 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalata) as well as M. bivittata (Janicki, 1904) and an unknown hymenolepidid cestode. Mathevotaenia argentinensis n. sp. is characterized by a relatively narrow strobila, 18–37 mm in total length and 1.0–1.5 mm in maximum width, 135–163 craspedote proglottids, 19–27 testes, and a muscular genital atrium. This species differs from M. didelphidis (Rudolphi, 1819) in the disposition of the genital ducts between the excretory canals and in the entrance of the vagina into the …


Molecular Phylogeny Of Haematoloechus Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae), With Emphasis On North American Species, Daniel R. Brooks, Virginia León-Règagnon Dec 2003

Molecular Phylogeny Of Haematoloechus Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae), With Emphasis On North American Species, Daniel R. Brooks, Virginia León-Règagnon

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Phylogenetic hypothesis of 23 populations corresponding to 18 species of the digenean Haematoloechus from America, Europe, and Africa, based on ribosomal DNA 28S partial sequences (~890 bp), is presented. Genetic divergence between the in-group and the out-groups ranged from 9.7 to 14.5% and within the in-group, from 0.9 to 12.2%. Eight most parsimonious trees 569 steps long were obtained, with a consistency index of 72%. Groups in the tree are not congruent with those in previous classification schemes of species in the genus, based on a small number of morphological characters. For this subset of Haematoloechus,/i> species, plesiomorphic hosts are …


Acceptance Of The Clark P. Read Mentor Award: The Teague Self Lessons, John J. Janovy Jr. Dec 2003

Acceptance Of The Clark P. Read Mentor Award: The Teague Self Lessons, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

The transcript of John J. Janovy Jr.'s speech upon acceptance of the American Society of Parasitologists' Clark P. Read Mentor Award, 2003.


Lessons From A Quiet Classic, Daniel R. Brooks Oct 2003

Lessons From A Quiet Classic, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Parasitology has a rich tradition of studies linking taxonomy, ecology, and life cycles and development. This tradition has produced an enormous amount of empirical evidence demonstrating that parasites form highly integrated reproductive-developmental-ecological systems that are highly persistent through space and time. As well, phylogenetic studies of parasites, especially of parasitic platyhelminths, represent 1 of the most progressive areas of systematic biology. Consequently, parasitologists should be at the forefront of research in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) and integrative biology, and parasite systems should be model systems of choice for those research programs. Species of the digenean, Alloglossidium, provide a superb …


First Report Of A Species Of Folliculovarium Gu & Shen, 1983 (Bucephalidae: Prosorhynchinae) From European Marine Waters, With The Description Of F. Mediterraneum N. Sp., Pierre Bartoli, Robin M. Overstreet, David I. Gibson Oct 2003

First Report Of A Species Of Folliculovarium Gu & Shen, 1983 (Bucephalidae: Prosorhynchinae) From European Marine Waters, With The Description Of F. Mediterraneum N. Sp., Pierre Bartoli, Robin M. Overstreet, David I. Gibson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Folliculovarium mediterraneum n. sp. is described and figured in detail from the intestine of the Mediterranean moray eel Muraena helena (Muraenidae) in the Scandola Nature Reserve, off Corsica in the western Mediterranean. This new species closely resembles F. gymnothoracis Gu & Shen, 1983 and F. xishaense Gu & Shen, 1983 from marine fishes off China, but it may differ from both in not having specialized circum-rynchal spines. It differs from the former by having slightly larger eggs and a longer esophagus, and from F. xishaense by having tegumental spines, a longer esophagus, and a nonrelated host (an eel rather than …


American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 3, Autumn 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner Oct 2003

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 3, Autumn 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.


Taxonomic Revision Of Rhinebothroides (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae), Parasites Of Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays (Rajiformes: Myliobatoidei: Potamotrygonidae), Fernando P.L. Marques, Daniel R. Brooks Oct 2003

Taxonomic Revision Of Rhinebothroides (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae), Parasites Of Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays (Rajiformes: Myliobatoidei: Potamotrygonidae), Fernando P.L. Marques, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Extensive new collections of specimens of Rhinebothroides spp. from a wide range of Neotropical freshwater potamotrygonid stingrays in numerous localities permitted critical evaluation of the validity of the 7 nominal species in the genus. Some qualitative characters previously used in the taxonomy of this group are highly variable within and among populations, and most morphometric and meristic characters thought to have taxonomic value for this group overlapped among several previously defined nominal species. Characters that were consistent throughout populations and that clearly define morphotypes supported recognition of four species: R. freitasi (syn. R. circularisi and R. venezuelensis), R. glandularis …


A New Species Of Syncuaria Gilbert, 1927 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea: Acuariidae) In The Wood Stork, Mycteria Americana L. (Aves: Ciconiiformes: Ciconiidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Luping Zhang, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey Oct 2003

A New Species Of Syncuaria Gilbert, 1927 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea: Acuariidae) In The Wood Stork, Mycteria Americana L. (Aves: Ciconiiformes: Ciconiidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Luping Zhang, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Syncuaria mycteriae n. sp. (Nematoda: Acuarioidea) was collected under the lining of the gizzard of a wood stork, Mycteria americana L., from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. The new species can be distinguished from all known species of Syncuaria by having irregular dotted ornamentations on the caudal alae of males, a complex distal end of the left spicule comprising three protuberances, and a spicule ratio of 1:9.3. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of 11 Syncuaria spp. based on 9 morphological characters produced two equally parsimonious cladograms with a consistency index of 85%, differing only in the placement of S. hargilae …


Two Species Of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea: Acuariidae) In Passerine Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Luping Zhang, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey Oct 2003

Two Species Of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea: Acuariidae) In Passerine Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Luping Zhang, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Two species of Acuaria were collected from passerine birds from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Acuaria mayori Lent, Freitas and Proenca, 1945, was collected from Myiarchus nuttingi. Specimens from Costa Rica differ from the original description by having a spicule ratio of 1:1.5-1.7 versus 1:1.43-1.47, as well as shorter spicules and female tails. Acuaria wangi n. sp. in Hylophylax naevioides and Gymnopithys leucaspis resembles A. alii, A. crami, A. cyanocitta, A. minuta, A. pattoni, and A. cissae by having cordons extending posteriorly to the anterior portion of the glandular esophagus. The …


Aspidoderid Nematodes From Bolivian Armadillos, With The Description Of A New Species Of Lauroia (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), Scott Lyell Gardner, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz Sep 2003

Aspidoderid Nematodes From Bolivian Armadillos, With The Description Of A New Species Of Lauroia (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), Scott Lyell Gardner, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

One nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) and 1 yellow armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) were necropsied in the field during an expedition to collect parasites of mammals in Bolivia. A total of 205 Aspidodera binansata Railliet and Henry, 1913 (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), and 40 specimens of Lauroia bolivari n. sp. (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) were recovered from the cecum and large intestines of D. novemcinctus and E. sexcinctus. Aspidodera esperanzae Fujita et al., 1995, is proposed as a junior synonym of A. binansata based on the structure of the cordons on the hood. Lauroia bolivari n. sp. has an undercut cephalic …


Review Of The Earth's Biosphere: Evolution, Dynamics, And Change By Vaclav Smil (Mit Press, 2002), Daniel R. Brooks Sep 2003

Review Of The Earth's Biosphere: Evolution, Dynamics, And Change By Vaclav Smil (Mit Press, 2002), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Review of The Earth's Biosphere: Evolution, Dynamics, and Change by Vaclav Smil (MIT Press, 2002).


Whallwachsia Illuminata N. Gen., N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Plagiorchiformes: Prosthogonimidae) In The Steely-Vented Hummingbird Amazilia Saucerrottei (Aves: Apodiformes: Trochilidae) And The Yellow-Olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias Sulphurescens (Aves: Passeriformes: Tyraninidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey Aug 2003

Whallwachsia Illuminata N. Gen., N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Plagiorchiformes: Prosthogonimidae) In The Steely-Vented Hummingbird Amazilia Saucerrottei (Aves: Apodiformes: Trochilidae) And The Yellow-Olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias Sulphurescens (Aves: Passeriformes: Tyraninidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

A new species of digenean found in the intestines of the steely-vented hummingbird Amazilia saucerrottei and the yellow-olive flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, resembles members of the Prosthogonimidae in having a highly lobate ovary; an elongate cirrus sac containing the cirrus, pars prostatica, and internal seminal vesicle; no external seminal vesicle; two fields of extracecal vitelline follicles restricted to the area between the intestinal bifurcation and testes; and uterine loops occupying all available space in the hind body. The new species differs from all other members of the family in having genital pores …


Bakkeius Moragai N. Gen. Et N. Sp. And Pojmanskia Riosae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Brachylaimoidea) In Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey Aug 2003

Bakkeius Moragai N. Gen. Et N. Sp. And Pojmanskia Riosae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Brachylaimoidea) In Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

We describe two new species of leucochloridiid-like brachylaimoid digeneans parasitizing a variety of birds in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, each of which we assign to a new genus. According to Pojmanska's (Pojmanska, T. 2002a. Superfamily Brachylaimoidea Joyeux & Foley, 1930. In Keys to the Trematoda, D. I. Gibson, A. Jones, and R. A. Bray [eds.]. CAB International and The Natural History Museum, London, U.K., p. 31-36.) key for the Brachylaimoidea, we are unable to place either species in any family. One species most closely resembles members of Leucochloridium by having well-developed suckers, lacking an esophagus, and …


Tinamutrema Canoae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Strigeiformes: Brachylaimidae) In Crypturellus Cinnamomeus (Aves: Passeriformes: Tinamidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey Aug 2003

Tinamutrema Canoae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Strigeiformes: Brachylaimidae) In Crypturellus Cinnamomeus (Aves: Passeriformes: Tinamidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

We propose Tinamutrema as a new genus for Brachylaima centrodes (Braun, 1901) Dollfus, 1935 and for T. canoae, as a new species inhabiting tinamus in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Specimens from Costa Rica resemble B. centrodes in having an elongate body, pretesticular genital pore and terminal genitalia, intercecal uterine loops occupying all available space between the anterior testis and the intestinal bifurcation, an oral sucker width:pharynx width ratio of approximately 1:0.55, an oral sucker:ventral sucker width ratio of approximately 1:1, and vitelline follicles extending into the forebody closer to the pharynx than to the anterior margin …


Neohaematotrephus Arayae N. Sp. (Digenea: Echinostomiformes: Cyclocoelidae) In Jacana Spinosa (Aves: Charadriiformes: Jacanidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey, Beatriz Rodriguez Aug 2003

Neohaematotrephus Arayae N. Sp. (Digenea: Echinostomiformes: Cyclocoelidae) In Jacana Spinosa (Aves: Charadriiformes: Jacanidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey, Beatriz Rodriguez

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Specimens of a species of cyclocoelid digenean inhabiting Jacana spinosa from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, most closely resemble ,i>Haematotrephus facioi (Brenes and Arroyo, 1962) Yamaguti, 1971, in the same host from Aranjuez, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica, in having confluent vitelline follicles posteriorly, diagnostic of Neohaematotrophus, and in pharynx length, ovary width, and cirrus sac on the sinistral side. The new species is also highly similar in appearance to H. gendrei Dubois, 1959, also inhabiting a jacanid (from West Africa), which has vitelline follicles confluent posteriorly, and extending anteriorly to the intestinal bifurcation and genital pore …


American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 2, June 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner Jul 2003

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 2, June 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.


Observations On The Life History And Descriptions Of Coccidia (Apicomplexa) From The Western Chorus Frog, Pseudacris Triseriata Triseriata, From Eastern Nebraska, Matthew G. Bolek, John J. Janovy Jr., Armando R. Irizarry-Rovira Jun 2003

Observations On The Life History And Descriptions Of Coccidia (Apicomplexa) From The Western Chorus Frog, Pseudacris Triseriata Triseriata, From Eastern Nebraska, Matthew G. Bolek, John J. Janovy Jr., Armando R. Irizarry-Rovira

John Janovy Publications

Two hundred and twenty-four anurans of 6 species (47 adults and 16 tadpoles of Rana blairi, 35 R. catesbeiana, 31 Hyla chrysoscelis, 30 adults and 46 tadpoles of Pseudacris triseriata triseriata, 11 Bufo woodhousii, and 8 Acris crepitans) from Pawnee Lake, Lancaster County, Nebraska, were surveyed for coccidian parasites during March 2001 to May 2002. Of these, 23 of 30 (77%) adults and four of 46 (9%) tadpoles of P. t. triseriata shed oocysts of Isospora cogginsi n. sp. Oocysts of I. cogginsi were ovoid, 19.3 × 15.1 (18-23 × 11-20) μm, with a …


Survey For Coccidia And Haemosporidia In The Lesser Prairie Chicken (Typanuchus Pallidicinctus) From New Mexico With The Description Of A New Eimeria Species, B. H. Smith, Donald Duszynski, K. Johnson Apr 2003

Survey For Coccidia And Haemosporidia In The Lesser Prairie Chicken (Typanuchus Pallidicinctus) From New Mexico With The Description Of A New Eimeria Species, B. H. Smith, Donald Duszynski, K. Johnson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Blood films and fecal samples of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) were examined for parasites when we surveyed specimens captured during a radio-tracking study conducted in Chaves County, New Mexico (USA). All birds were captured on the Caprock Wildlife Habitat Management Area, administered by the Bureau of Land Management. Samples were collected in late March, April, and early May 1998-2000. Oocysts were detected in five of 64 (8%) birds sampled and, upon sporulation, were determined to be an Eimeria species. This is the first eimerian reported from the lesser prairie-chicken and is described here as a new species. …


The Nematode Fauna Of Long-Nosed Mice Oxymycterus Spp. From The Bolivian Yungas, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz, Scott Lyell Gardner Apr 2003

The Nematode Fauna Of Long-Nosed Mice Oxymycterus Spp. From The Bolivian Yungas, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

During a long-term survey of the parasites of mammals from all over Bolivia, 44 individuals of Oxymycterus inca and 6 of Oxymycterus paramensis were collected and examined for parasites from the foothills and Eastern Cordillera (Los Yungas) of the Andes of Bolivia. Three species of nematode were found including, from the cecum, a previously unknown genus and species of pinworm, Caroloxyuris boliviensis n. gen, n. sp., aspidoderids representing Nematomystes rodentophilus, and from the stomach, Protospirura numidica criceticola. These helminths occurred in prevalences of 25, 9, and 14%, respectively, in O. paramensis. Caroloxyuris boliviensis resembles species included in …


American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 1, Early Spring 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner Apr 2003

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 1, Early Spring 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.


Phyllodistomum Funduli N. Sp. (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae) From Fundulus Sciadicus Cope From Cedar Creek In Western Nebraska, Jaclyn Helt, John J. Janvoy Jr., John Ubelaker Apr 2003

Phyllodistomum Funduli N. Sp. (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae) From Fundulus Sciadicus Cope From Cedar Creek In Western Nebraska, Jaclyn Helt, John J. Janvoy Jr., John Ubelaker

John Janovy Publications

Phyllodistomum funduli n. sp. is described from the urinary bladder and ureters of the Plains topminnow, Fundulus sciadicus, from Cedar Creek in Keith County, Nebraska (41°11.18'N, 101°21.77'W). Phyllodistomum funduli differs from most other Phyllodistomum species reported in possessing an oral sucker that is larger than the acetabulum. Currently, 7 other species of Phyllodistomum have been reported to possess this trait. A comparison of P. funduli with these 7 other species indicates that P. funduli is a distinct species, lacking notches, posterior body folds, caudal projections, or cephalic glands found in some congeners. There is no published report on parasites …


Enterobius Vermicularis: Ancient Dna From North And South American Human Coprolites, Alena M. Iñiguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Luiz F. Ferreira, Ana Carolina P. Vicente Feb 2003

Enterobius Vermicularis: Ancient Dna From North And South American Human Coprolites, Alena M. Iñiguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Luiz F. Ferreira, Ana Carolina P. Vicente

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A molecular paleoparasitological diagnostic approach was developed for Enterobius vermicularis. Ancient DNA was extracted from 27 coprolites from archaeological sites in Chile and USA. Enzymatic amplification of human mtDNA sequences confirmed the human origin. We designed primers specific to the E. vermicularis 5S ribosomal RNA spacer region and they allowed reproducible polymerase chain reaction identification of ancient material. We suggested that the paleoparasitological microscopic identification could accompany molecular diagnosis, which also opens the possibility of sequence analysis to understand parasite-host evolution.


Host Specificity Among Ancyrocephalinae (Monogenoidea) Of Nebraska Sunfish, Megan R. Collins, John J. Janovy Jr. Feb 2003

Host Specificity Among Ancyrocephalinae (Monogenoidea) Of Nebraska Sunfish, Megan R. Collins, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

This study addressed the problem of local patterns of host specificity among Ancyrocephalinae (Monogenoidea) on bass and sunfish species, when the hosts occur in different species combinations in separate ponds. One hundred fifty-three fish of the Centrarchidae, from four study sites in Nebraska, were collected. Host species included bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), green sunfish (L. cyanellus), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), white crappie (P. annularis), and rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris). These fish occurred in different species combinations, depending on the pond sampled. Results indicated that several …


Bibliography Of Helminth Species Described From African Vertebrates 1800-1967, Albert G. Canaris, Scott Lyell Gardner Jan 2003

Bibliography Of Helminth Species Described From African Vertebrates 1800-1967, Albert G. Canaris, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Parasite lists, hosts lists, and bibliographies for Trematoda, Cestoda, Nematoda, and Acanthocephala.
100 pages.


Osmosensitive Taurine Release: Does Taurine Share The Same Efflux Pathway With Chloride And Other Amino Acid Osmolytes?, Rodrigo Franco Jan 2003

Osmosensitive Taurine Release: Does Taurine Share The Same Efflux Pathway With Chloride And Other Amino Acid Osmolytes?, Rodrigo Franco

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Swelling subsequent to hyposmotic conditions activates a process of volume regulation present in most cell types. This volume adjustment is accomplished by osmolyte translocation toward the extracellular space to reach a new osmotic equilibrium. Molecules involved in this homeostatic mechanism have been broadly classified into two categories: organic and inorganic osmolytes. Inorganic osmolytes comprise mainly the intracellular ions K+ and Cl. Cell swelling–induced activation of separate K+ and Cl channels has been described in most preparations. Organic osmolytes are grouped in three categories: amino acids, polyalcohols, and methylamines. These osmolytes, particularly taurine, are present in …


Mucosal Priming Of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses In Rhesus Macaques By The Salmonella Type Iii Secretion Antigen Delivery System, David T. Evans, Li-Mei Chen, Jacqueline Gillis, Kuei-Chin Lin, Brian Harty, Gail P. Mazzara, Ruben O. Donis, Keith G. Mansfield, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Jorge E. Galán, R. Paul Johnson Jan 2003

Mucosal Priming Of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses In Rhesus Macaques By The Salmonella Type Iii Secretion Antigen Delivery System, David T. Evans, Li-Mei Chen, Jacqueline Gillis, Kuei-Chin Lin, Brian Harty, Gail P. Mazzara, Ruben O. Donis, Keith G. Mansfield, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Jorge E. Galán, R. Paul Johnson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Nearly all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are acquired mucosally, and the gut-associated lymphoid tissues are important sites for early virus replication. Thus, vaccine strategies designed to prime virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses that home to mucosal compartments may be particularly effective at preventing or containing HIV infection. The Salmonella type III secretion system has been shown to be an effective approach for stimulating mucosal CTL responses in mice. We therefore tested ∆phoP-phoQ attenuated strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and S. enterica serovar Typhi expressing fragments of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag protein fused to the …


Method To Detect The Presence Of A Microorganism Or Agent In An Animal, David R. Smith, Laura L. Hungerford, Rodney A. Moxley, Susanne Hinkley, Terry Klopfenstein, Jeff Gray Jan 2003

Method To Detect The Presence Of A Microorganism Or Agent In An Animal, David R. Smith, Laura L. Hungerford, Rodney A. Moxley, Susanne Hinkley, Terry Klopfenstein, Jeff Gray

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The present invention provides a method to detect the presence of a microorganism or agent in an animal. The method encompasses placement of devices at various locations where the animal resides so as to induce the animal to initiate contact with the device. As a result of this contact, the animal deposits various microorganisms and agents on the device. The device is then tested for the presence of the particular microorganism or agent of interest.


Coccidia In The Mammary Glands Of Shrews (Order: Insectivora), Donald W. Duszynski, William C. Marquardt Jan 2003

Coccidia In The Mammary Glands Of Shrews (Order: Insectivora), Donald W. Duszynski, William C. Marquardt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Three of 6 female long-clawed shrews, Sorex unguiculatus Dobson, 1890, collected on the island of Hokkaido, Japan, were found to have unsporulated oocysts and sexual stages (both macro- and microgamonts) in varying stages of development of an unidentified coccidium in both lactating and non lactating mammary glands. Gamonts developed in the alveoli of the mammary glands, and oocysts were found in the lactiferous ducts and in pools of milk. Mature macrogamonts were 11.9 × 15.2 μm (10-14 × 14-20 μm), whereas completely developed microgamonts with many gametes were 14.8 × 16.8 μm (10-18 × 13-20 μm). Oocysts in tissue sections …


Eimeria Species From Cryptotis Shrews (Insectivora: Soricidae) With Description Of A New Species, Donald W. Duszynski, Ralph P. Eckerlin, Timothy J. Mccarthy Jan 2003

Eimeria Species From Cryptotis Shrews (Insectivora: Soricidae) With Description Of A New Species, Donald W. Duszynski, Ralph P. Eckerlin, Timothy J. Mccarthy

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Fresh fecal samples from 12 shrews, 10 Cryptotis goodwini Jackson, 1933, and 2 Cryptotis merriami Thomas, 1898, were collected between December 1994 and May 1998; 11 (92%) were positive for eimeriid coccidia, including 8 of 8 C. goodwini and 2 of 2 C. merriami from Honduras and 1 of 2 C. goodwini from Guatemala. Two Eimeria species were found: 1 is consistent with the description of Eimeria whitakeri Upton and McAllister, 1991, and 1 is described in this study as new. Sporulated oocysts of the new species are subspheroidal, 16.8 × 15.7 (14–20 × 15–19) μm, with a length–width (L/W) …