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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Genetics and Genomics
How A Cell Knows Where To Divide: Oscillation Of Mind In Vivo, Colby Ferreira
How A Cell Knows Where To Divide: Oscillation Of Mind In Vivo, Colby Ferreira
Senior Honors Projects
Over two-million people in the United States are infected by antibiotic resistant bacteria each year. Of this number 23,000 die from these infections and other complications. Due to this, novel antibiotic targets are constantly being investigated. One process in prokaryotes that holds promise is cellular division. Bacterial cells grow and reproduce using a series of proteins known as the cell division machinery. This machinery enables the division of the parental cell into two identical daughter cells. The cell division machinery is similar between bacterial taxa, making it an ideal target for new classes of antibiotics. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms …
Crispr Gene Editing In The Sea Squirt, Ciona Intestinalis, Evelyn Siler, Steven Irvine
Crispr Gene Editing In The Sea Squirt, Ciona Intestinalis, Evelyn Siler, Steven Irvine
Senior Honors Projects
Genetic manipulation has come a long way in the past ten years alone. Scientists have had access to gene editing techniques for decades, but until recently these methods have proven to be expensive and unpredictable. However, thanks to the development of a new, more efficient genome editing strategy called CRISPR/Cas9, more aggressive progress can now be made in genetics research.
CRISPR is not a machine or a physical tool, but rather it is a system that involves introducing a protein into a cell, along with a DNA segment that will attract the protein to a desired location on the DNA. …
Genetic Testing And A Real World Case Of Lynch Syndrome, Paige Montanaro
Genetic Testing And A Real World Case Of Lynch Syndrome, Paige Montanaro
Senior Honors Projects
In recent years, advancements in genetic testing methods have revolutionized the medical field by enhancing the ability to identify persons with an inherited predisposition to cancer. According to the American Society for Clinical Oncology, individuals should undergo genetic testing when he or she meets the following criteria: the individual demonstrates familial history that indicates a predisposition to certain cancers, the test can be adequately interpreted, and the results will aid in the diagnosis, treatment, or management of the patient or additional family members at risk. Genetic testing can be done on samples of hair, skin, blood, amniotic fluid, or other …
Investigating The Genetic Basis For Hominoid Taillessness, Samantha M. Tickey-Mccrane, Holly Dunsworth, Johanna E. Wegener
Investigating The Genetic Basis For Hominoid Taillessness, Samantha M. Tickey-Mccrane, Holly Dunsworth, Johanna E. Wegener
Senior Honors Projects
Investigating the Genetic Basis for Hominoid Taillessness:
A Comparative Genetic Approach Across Ten Catarrhine Taxa
Samantha Tickey-McCrane1,2, Johanna E. Wegener2, and Holly Dunsworth1
Honors Thesis Abstract Written by Samantha Tickey-McCrane, Departments of Anthropology & Biology
Advisor: Dr. Holly Dunsworth, Department of Anthropology
How did hominoid tail loss occur? My goals are to test phylogenetic and adaptive hypotheses for tail length variation among macaques, and use those insights to reconstruct the evolution of hominoid taillessness. Further, I aim to ultimately uncover which candidate genes or pathways may be responsible for catarrhine tail loss, and what other traits may be affected by …
A Behavioral Prerequisite For The Genetic Analysis Of Auditory Feature Detection Mechanisms In Female Crickets, Rebecca L. Blisko
A Behavioral Prerequisite For The Genetic Analysis Of Auditory Feature Detection Mechanisms In Female Crickets, Rebecca L. Blisko
Senior Honors Projects
Sexual dimorphism is exhibited across all cricket species and is a central aspect of the mating processes of these insects. Only male crickets possess wing structures and pattern generators in the central nervous system that allow them to produce a mating call that is unique to their species in order to attract conspecific females. Conspecific females possess an auditory feature detection circuit in the central nervous system that is capable of detecting the species-specific frequency and temporal pattern of sound pulses within a male call. In order for dimorphic differences in mating behavior to result in successful continuation of a …
Molecular Measurement Of Toxicity In Fish; Case Examples And Policy Implications, Jessica A. Freedman
Molecular Measurement Of Toxicity In Fish; Case Examples And Policy Implications, Jessica A. Freedman
Senior Honors Projects
Stormwater and oil are common urban contaminants that can be harmful to fish species. One way of recognizing exposed and impaired fish is by monitoring gene expression and gene induction. This study focused on the identification and validation of reference genes for measuring contaminant-induced changes in gene expression due to urban influence. In this study, reference genes (which are genes used to normalize data and remain consistent in varying exposures regardless of organism and tissue type) were established. Six genes were identified as reference genes (ef1a, wdtc1, mtm1, spop, rxrba and tuba1) from a longer list of potential …
Social And Scientific Implications Of Genetic Testing In The Digital Age, Yaruska A. Ordinola
Social And Scientific Implications Of Genetic Testing In The Digital Age, Yaruska A. Ordinola
Senior Honors Projects
From Mendel’s law of inheritance in the 19th century through Watson and Crick’s revolutionary observations of the double helix in the 20th century, genetics has been a fascinating and continuing topic of discussion in the field of science (Collins & McKusick, 2001). Major studies like the Human Genome Project (HGP), initiated in 1990 and completed in 2003, provided a starting point from which scientists could more thoroughly investigate the human condition on a genetic level. Arising from this study, personal genomics is considered a blooming field in genetics- in which rapidly developing technological advances are able to provide easier and …
The Role Of Cellulose Synthase-Like D Genes In Tip Growth Of Physcomitrella Patens, Erin E. Killeavy, Arielle Chaves, Alison Roberts
The Role Of Cellulose Synthase-Like D Genes In Tip Growth Of Physcomitrella Patens, Erin E. Killeavy, Arielle Chaves, Alison Roberts
Senior Honors Projects
Physcomitrella patens is a non-vascular plant with a relatively small genome and is amongst the few eukaryotic organisms that have a high rate of homologous recombination. This is valuable in biological research because it allows for targeted genetic modification of the organism. In vascular plants like Arabidopsis thaliana, a model organism, Cellulose Synthase-like D (CSLD) genes have been discovered to be important in tip growth. This type of growth is observed in the pollen tubes and root hairs of these plant types. The CSLD genes in Arabidopsis were found to play a crucial role in the growth of …
Clpxp Modulates Cell Growth And Morphology In Cell Shape Mutants Of E.Coli, Ryann Murphy
Clpxp Modulates Cell Growth And Morphology In Cell Shape Mutants Of E.Coli, Ryann Murphy
Senior Honors Projects
ClpXP modulates cell growth and morphology in cell shape mutants of E. coli
Ryann Murphy1 and Jodi L. Camberg1
1University of Rhode Island, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kingston, RI, 02881
Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) are a family of prokaryotic membrane proteins named for their propensity to bind the antibiotic penicillin and are involved in remodeling and deposition of peptidoglycan. In wild type Escherichia coli cells, the uniform rod shape is conserved across generations. E.coli cells containing multiple deletions of Low Molecular Weight (LMW) PBPs exhibit irregular shapes. LMW PBP5 (dacA) is a potential …
Analysis Of The Chondroitinase Operon Of Flavobacterium Columnare, Erin L. Sorlien
Analysis Of The Chondroitinase Operon Of Flavobacterium Columnare, Erin L. Sorlien
Senior Honors Projects
Analysis of the chondroitinase operon of Flavobacterium columnare
Erin Sorlien
Major
Cell and Molecular Biology, Chemistry
Advisor
Dr. David R. Nelson
Date
May 2, 2013
Keywords
Flavobacterium columnare, columnaris disease, chondroitin AC lyase, complementation, csl operon
Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen of fish, is the causative agent of columnaris disease (CD). The bacterium is a Gram-negative rod that exhibits gliding motility and avidly forms biofilms. CD affects both wild and cultured freshwater fish, and continues to cause large economic losses to the fish farming industry. According to an investigation conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System, CD …
Mutation And Complementation Of A Cellulose Synthase (Cesa) Gene, Ahmed Y. El-Araby
Mutation And Complementation Of A Cellulose Synthase (Cesa) Gene, Ahmed Y. El-Araby
Senior Honors Projects
Cellulose is a carbohydrate polymer that is composed of repeating glucose subunits. Being the most abundant organic compound in the biosphere and comprising a large percentage of all plant biomass, cellulose is extremely plentiful and has a significant role in nature. Cellulose is present in plant cell walls, in commercial products such as those made from wood or cotton, and is of interest to the biofuel industry as a potential alternative fuel source. Although indigestible by humans, cellulose is nutritionally valuable, serving as a dietary fiber. Because of its ubiquity and importance in many areas, studying cellulose will prove to …
Exploring The Effects Of Hypoxia On Sulfate Reducing Anaerobes, Annaliese K. Jones
Exploring The Effects Of Hypoxia On Sulfate Reducing Anaerobes, Annaliese K. Jones
Senior Honors Projects
Exploring the Effects of Hypoxia on Sulfate Reducing Anaerobes
Annaliese K. Jones
Sponsor: Bethany Jenkins, Cell and Molecular Biology
As a student about to graduate with a degree in Biological Sciences, I find myself faced with the need to find my own independent research interests and scientific voice. As a result of my interests in the fields of both microbiology and ecology, I am drawn to questions surrounding the role and behavior of microorganisms in the environment. With climate change being an issue capturing the attention of a large portion of the scientific community, I have chosen to focus my …
Analysis Of Distal-Less Gene Expression In Ciona Intestinalis, Michelle Cangiano
Analysis Of Distal-Less Gene Expression In Ciona Intestinalis, Michelle Cangiano
Senior Honors Projects
Several homeobox-containing genes related to Distal-less (Dlx/Dll) have been isolated from a wide variety of organisms and have been shown to function as developmental regulators. In Drosophila only one Distal-less gene has been identified so far, and in vertebrates many components of the Distal-less family have been characterized. This suggests that, during the evolution of the Chordate phylum, the Dlx genes arose from an ancestral Distal-less gene via gene duplication. Three Dll homeoboxes have been isolated from the protochordate Ciona intestinalis and their clustered arrangement has been described. Since Ciona is regarded as one of the most primitive extant chordates, …