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Full-Text Articles in Genetics and Genomics
Genetic Evidence For Two Species Of Elephant In Africa, Alfred L. Roca, Nicholas Georgiadis, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Stephen J. O'Brien
Genetic Evidence For Two Species Of Elephant In Africa, Alfred L. Roca, Nicholas Georgiadis, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Stephen J. O'Brien
Biology Faculty Articles
Elephants from the tropical forests of Africa are morphologically distinct from savannah or bush elephants. Dart-biopsy samples from 195 free-ranging African elephants in 21 populations were examined for DNA sequence variation in four nuclear genes (1732 base pairs). Phylogenetic distinctions between African forest elephant and savannah elephant populations corresponded to 58% of the difference in the same genes between elephant genera Loxodonta (African) and Elephas (Asian). Large genetic distance, multiple genetically fixed nucleotide site differences, morphological and habitat distinctions, and extremely limited hybridization of gene flow between forest and savannah elephants support the recognition and conservation management of two African …
A Cytochrome-B Perspective On Passerina Bunting Relationships, John Klicka, Adam J. Fry, Robert M. Zink, Christopher W. Thompson
A Cytochrome-B Perspective On Passerina Bunting Relationships, John Klicka, Adam J. Fry, Robert M. Zink, Christopher W. Thompson
Ornithology Program (HRC)
We sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (1,143 nucleotides) for representatives of each species in the cardinalid genera Passerina (6 species), Guiraca (1 species), and Cyanocompsa (3 species), and used a variety of phylogenetic methods to address relationships within and among genera. We determined that Passerina, as presently recognized, is paraphyletic. Lazuli Bunting (P. amoena) is sister to the much larger Blue Grosbeak (Guiraca caerulea). Indigo Bunting (P. cyanea) and Lazuli Bunting are not sister taxa as generally thought. In all weighted parsimony trees and for the gamma-corrected HKY tree, Indigo Bunting is …
The Taxonomic Rank Of Spizella Taverneri: A Response To Mayr And Johnson, John Klicka, Robert M. Zink, Jon C. Barlow, W. Bruce Mcgillivray, Terry J. Doyle
The Taxonomic Rank Of Spizella Taverneri: A Response To Mayr And Johnson, John Klicka, Robert M. Zink, Jon C. Barlow, W. Bruce Mcgillivray, Terry J. Doyle
Ornithology Program (HRC)
Mayr and Johnson suggest that Spizella taverneri should be a subspecies of the biological species S. breweri, because it is possibly not reproductively isolated. We originally concluded that evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences, habitat preferences, timing of breeding, vocalizations, and morphology supported the recognition of S. taverneri as a phylogenetic and biological species. Nothing in the commentary by Mayr and Johnson causes us to change that conclusion. We believe that it is probable that these two allopatric taxa are isolated. Contrary to Mayr and Johnson, we believe that more information is given by ranking S. taverneri as a species, because …
Canine And Feline Parvoviruses Can Use Human Or Feline Transferrin Receptors To Bind, Enter, And Infect Cells, John S. L. Parker, William J. Murphy, Dai Wang, Stephen J. O'Brien, Colin R. Parrish
Canine And Feline Parvoviruses Can Use Human Or Feline Transferrin Receptors To Bind, Enter, And Infect Cells, John S. L. Parker, William J. Murphy, Dai Wang, Stephen J. O'Brien, Colin R. Parrish
Biology Faculty Articles
Canine parvovirus (CPV) enters and infects cells by a dynamin-dependent, clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway, and viral capsids colocalize with transferrin in perinuclear vesicles of cells shortly after entry (J. S. L. Parker and C. R. Parrish, J. Virol. 74:1919–1930, 2000). Here we report that CPV and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), a closely related parvovirus, bind to the human and feline transferrin receptors (TfRs) and use these receptors to enter and infect cells. Capsids did not detectably bind or enter quail QT35 cells or a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-derived cell line that lacks any TfR (TRVb cells). However, capsids bound and …
Recolonization Of The Flicker And Other Notes From Isla Guadalupe, Mexico, Paul R. Sweet, George F. Barrrowclough, John Klicka, Liliana Montanez-Godoy, Patricia Escalante
Recolonization Of The Flicker And Other Notes From Isla Guadalupe, Mexico, Paul R. Sweet, George F. Barrrowclough, John Klicka, Liliana Montanez-Godoy, Patricia Escalante
Ornithology Program (HRC)
During a visit to Isla Guadalupe from 31 May to 3 June 1996, we documented three species new to the island, the Barn Owl, Swainson's Thrush, and Hooded Oriole, and established first breeding records for the European Starling and Western Meadowlark. Red-shafted Flickers are now breeding on the island, representing a recent recolonization from the mainland following the extinction of the endemic population. We investigated the validity of Colaptes auratus rufipileus and concluded that it doesn’t meet the standard for phylogenetic species but differs from C. a. collaris at the 75% level usually associated with subspecific rank. Damage to the …
Genetic Variation In Two Conserved Local Romanian Pig Breeds Using Type 1 Dna Markers, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Andrew E. Lu, Alexandru Nagy, Richard Wales, Max F. Rothschild, Graham S. Plastow
Genetic Variation In Two Conserved Local Romanian Pig Breeds Using Type 1 Dna Markers, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Andrew E. Lu, Alexandru Nagy, Richard Wales, Max F. Rothschild, Graham S. Plastow
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Analysis of the genetic variation of an endangered population is an important component for the success of conservation. Animals from two local Romanian pig breeds, the Mangalitsa and Bazna, were analyzed for variation at a number of genetic loci using PCR-based DNA tests. Polymorphism was assessed at loci which 1) are known to cause phenotypic variation, 2) are potentially involved in trait differences or 3) are putative candidate genes. The traits considered are disease resistance, growth, coat color, meat quality and prolificacy. Even though the populations are small and the markers are limited to specific genes, we found significant differences …