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Scarification And Gap Size Have Interacting Effects On Northern Temperate Seedling Establishment, John L. Willis, Michael B. Walters, Kurt W. Gottschallk
Scarification And Gap Size Have Interacting Effects On Northern Temperate Seedling Establishment, John L. Willis, Michael B. Walters, Kurt W. Gottschallk
USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications
After decades focused on promoting economically valuable species, management of northern temperate forests has increasingly become focused on promoting tree species diversity. Unfortunately, many formerly common species that could contribute to diversity including yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton.), paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh), eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.), and eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) are now uncommon in the seedling layer, raising concerns about our ability to use these species to increase diversity. In this study, two related seed addition experiments conducted in 45 variably-sized harvest gaps (unharvested to 6500 m^2) in adjacent mesic northern hardwood stands, Emmet County, …