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Winfried S. Peters

2000

Articles 1 - 4 of 4

Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology

Die Mechanik "Weicher" Pflanzlicher Gewebe [The Mechanics Of 'Soft' Plant Tissues], Winfried S. Peters Jun 2000

Die Mechanik "Weicher" Pflanzlicher Gewebe [The Mechanics Of 'Soft' Plant Tissues], Winfried S. Peters

Winfried S. Peters

This paper has no abstract; this is the first paragraph. Dieser Vortrag eines botanischen Zellphysiologen über die "Mechanik 'weicher' pflanzlicher Gewebe" richtet sich an ein Auditorium, in dem kein einziger Fachkollege sitzt. Ich sollte daher zunächst klarstellen, welche Konstruktionen es eigentlich sind, die ich in meinem Titel anspreche. Ich beziehe mich auf Zellen und Gewebe, denen ein selbsttragendes Stützgerüst fehlt, grob gesprochen also Zellen ohne selbsttragende extrazelluläre Matrix. Dies heißt, daß ich nichts über verholzte, verkieselte oder aus sonstigen Gründen nicht mehr wachstumsfähige Pflanzengewebe sagen werde. Um den Bereich meiner Betrachtungen noch weiter zu spezifizieren, möchte ich die mich interessierenden, …

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An Outline Of A Theory Of The Constructional Constraints Governing Early Organismic Evolution, Winfried S. Peters, Bernd Herkner Jun 2000

An Outline Of A Theory Of The Constructional Constraints Governing Early Organismic Evolution, Winfried S. Peters, Bernd Herkner

Winfried S. Peters

This paper has no abstract; this is the first paragraph. The origin of life is one of the most fascinating biological enigmas (Dyson 1985, de Duve 1991). A multitude of hypotheses is available, ranging from the classical "primordial broth" (Haldane 1929) to the "genetic takeover" (Cairns-Smith 1982). Most of these models center on biochemical, metabolic, or genetic aspects. To our knowledge a comprehensive investigation into the mechanical constraints governing the early development of organismic constructions is not available to date. Attempting to close this gap, we here present an outline of a theory of the transformation of constructions in early …

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The Mechanic State Of “Inner Tissue” In The Growing Zone Of Sunflower Hypocotyls And The Regulation Of Its Growth Rate Following Excision, Winfried Peters, A. Tomos May 2000

The Mechanic State Of “Inner Tissue” In The Growing Zone Of Sunflower Hypocotyls And The Regulation Of Its Growth Rate Following Excision, Winfried Peters, A. Tomos

Winfried S. Peters

Spontaneous growth of isolated inner tissue from the etiolated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hypocotyl growing zone was investigated. A new preparation technique allowed measurements starting 3 s after excision. Elongation with respect to the turgescent and plasmolized state was quantified in terms of relative growth rates, facilitating comparison to growth in situ. Turgor and turgor-induced strain were determined. Overall longitudinal strain in inner tissues in situ was positive, indicating that compressive forces exerted by peripheral tissues are outweighed by turgor-dependent tensile stress. Inner tissue expansion following isolation depended on water uptake. Extreme plastic extension rates occurred immediately after excision, …

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What Makes Plants Different? Principles Of Extracellular Matrix Function In 'Soft' Plant Tissues [Review Article], Winfried Peters, Wolfgang Hagemann, A. Tomos Jan 2000

What Makes Plants Different? Principles Of Extracellular Matrix Function In 'Soft' Plant Tissues [Review Article], Winfried Peters, Wolfgang Hagemann, A. Tomos

Winfried S. Peters

An overview of the biomechanic and morphogenetic function of the plant extracellular matrix (ECM) in its primary state is given. ECMs can play a pivotal role in cellular osmo- and volume-regulation, if they enclose the cell hermetically and constrain hydrostatic pressure evoked by osmotic gradients between the cell and its environment. From an engineering viewpoint, such cell walls turn cells into hydraulic machines, which establishes a crucial functional differences between cell walls and other cellular surface structures. Examples of such hydraulic machineries are discussed. The function of cell walls in the control of pressure, volume, and shape establishes constructional evolutionary …

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