Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Cell and Developmental Biology Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Anatomy

PDF

2015

INFLAMMATION

Articles 1 - 2 of 2

Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology

Increased Airway Reactivity And Hyperinsulinemia In Obese Mice Are Linked By Erk Signaling In Brain Stem Cholinergic Neurons, Luiz O. S. Leiria, Fernanda M. Arantes-Costa, Marina C. Calixto, Eduardo C. Alexandre, Rodrigo F. Moura, Franco Folli, Carla M. Prado, Marco Antonio Prado, Vania F. Prado, Licio A. Velloso, Jose Donato Jr., Edson Antunes, Milton A. Martins, Mario J. A. Saad May 2015

Increased Airway Reactivity And Hyperinsulinemia In Obese Mice Are Linked By Erk Signaling In Brain Stem Cholinergic Neurons, Luiz O. S. Leiria, Fernanda M. Arantes-Costa, Marina C. Calixto, Eduardo C. Alexandre, Rodrigo F. Moura, Franco Folli, Carla M. Prado, Marco Antonio Prado, Vania F. Prado, Licio A. Velloso, Jose Donato Jr., Edson Antunes, Milton A. Martins, Mario J. A. Saad

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Obesity is a major risk factor for asthma, which is characterized by airway hyperreactivity (AHR). In obesity-associated asthma, AHR may be regulated by non-T(H)2 mechanisms. We hypothesized that airway reactivity is regulated by insulin in the CNS, and that the high levels of insulin associated with obesity contribute to AHR. We found that intracerebroventricular (ICV)-injected insulin increases airway reactivity in wild-type, but not in vesicle acetylcholine transporter knockdown (VAChT KDHOM-/-), mice. Either neutralization of central insulin or inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) normalized airway reactivity in hyperinsulinemic obese mice. These effects were mediated by insulin in cholinergic nerves located …


Human Severe Sepsis Cytokine Mixture Increases Beta 2-Integrin-Dependent Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adhesion To Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro, Chris Blom, Brittany L. Deller, Douglas D. Fraser, Eric K. Patterson, Claudio M. Martin, Bryan Young, Patricia C. Liaw, Payam Yazdan-Ashoori, Angelica Oritz, Brian Webb, Greg Kilmer, David E. Carter, Gediminas Cepinskas Apr 2015

Human Severe Sepsis Cytokine Mixture Increases Beta 2-Integrin-Dependent Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adhesion To Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro, Chris Blom, Brittany L. Deller, Douglas D. Fraser, Eric K. Patterson, Claudio M. Martin, Bryan Young, Patricia C. Liaw, Payam Yazdan-Ashoori, Angelica Oritz, Brian Webb, Greg Kilmer, David E. Carter, Gediminas Cepinskas

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Introduction: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a state of acute brain dysfunction in response to a systemic infection. We propose that systemic inflammation during sepsis causes increased adhesion of leukocytes to the brain microvasculature, resulting in blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Thus, our objectives were to measure inflammatory analytes in plasma of severe sepsis patients to create an experimental cytokine mixture (CM), and to use this CM to investigate the activation and interactions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and human cerebrovascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) in vitro. Methods: The concentrations of 41 inflammatory analytes were quantified in plasma obtained from 20 severe sepsis patients and …