Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Phenotype (2)
- Arabidopsis (1)
- Auxin (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Bias (1)
-
- Broad-toothed tailless bat (1)
- E. coli (1)
- Evolution (1)
- Gene regulation (1)
- Genetic screen (1)
- HilA (1)
- IAA Biosynthesis (1)
- MarA (1)
- Mophospace (1)
- Mutations (1)
- RNA (1)
- Repression (1)
- Salmonella (1)
- Selection (1)
- South America (1)
- Structures (1)
- Systematics (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Ultra-conserved elements (1)
- Virulence (1)
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Phenotype Bias Determines How Natural Rna Structures Occupy The Morphospace Of All Possible Shapes, Fatme Ghaddar, Dr Kamaludin Dingle, Dr Petr Sulc, Prof Ard A. Louis
Phenotype Bias Determines How Natural Rna Structures Occupy The Morphospace Of All Possible Shapes, Fatme Ghaddar, Dr Kamaludin Dingle, Dr Petr Sulc, Prof Ard A. Louis
Undergraduate Research Symposium
The relative prominence of developmental bias versus natural selection is a long standing controversy in evolutionary biology. Here we demonstrate quantitatively that developmental bias is the primary explanation for the occupation of the morphospace of RNA secondary structure (SS) shapes. By using the RNAshapes method to define coarse-grained SS classes, we can measure the frequencies that non-coding RNA SS shapes appear in nature. Our main findings are firstly that only the most frequent structures appear in nature; the vast majority of possible structures in the morphospace have not yet been explored. Secondly, and perhaps more surprisingly, these frequencies are accurately …
Mutations In Several Auxin Biosynthesis Genes And Their Effects On Plant Phenotypes In Arabidopsis, Gabriela Hernandez, Lauren Huebner, Bethany Karlin Zolman
Mutations In Several Auxin Biosynthesis Genes And Their Effects On Plant Phenotypes In Arabidopsis, Gabriela Hernandez, Lauren Huebner, Bethany Karlin Zolman
Undergraduate Research Symposium
Auxins are important hormones in plants that regulate growth and development. Disruptions in the auxin biosynthesis pathway result in morphological changes in phenotypes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, including differences in root and leaf formation. Mutations in the Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis (TAA1) and YUCCA (YUC4) genes interfere with the plant's ability to synthesize Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the primary auxin involved in plant development. IBR1 and IBR3 act in the multistep conversion of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to IAA. ILL2, IAR3, and ILR1 hydrolyze IAA-amino acid conjugates into free IAA. The goal of …
Mara Repression Of Virulence Gene Hila In Salmonella, Alexandra King, Lauren Daugherty, Lon Chubiz Phd
Mara Repression Of Virulence Gene Hila In Salmonella, Alexandra King, Lauren Daugherty, Lon Chubiz Phd
Undergraduate Research Symposium
Salmonella is a bacteria most commonly known for causing the eponymous food-related illness. Due to their rapid reproduction rate and their ability to be propogated and maintained in a lab setting, they are commonly used in lab studies so that we can better understand how Salmonella causes disease in organisms that are more difficult to study. One area of interest is analyzing how Salmonella controls expression of the mechanisms that actually cause disease, called virulence traits, in response to the environment. In this study, antibiotic stress was used to analyze virulence gene expression. MarA is a gene that regulates ampicillin …
Evaluating Kin And Group Selection As Tools For Quantitative Analysis Of Microbial Data, Jeff Smith, Fredrik Inglis
Evaluating Kin And Group Selection As Tools For Quantitative Analysis Of Microbial Data, Jeff Smith, Fredrik Inglis
Biology Department Faculty Works
Kin selection and multilevel selection theory are often used to interpret experiments about the evolution of cooperation and social behaviour among microbes. But while these experiments provide rich, detailed fitness data, theory is mostly used as a conceptual heuristic. Here, we evaluate how kin and multilevel selection theory perform as quantitative analysis tools. We reanalyse published microbial datasets and show that the canonical fitness models of both theories are almost always poor fits because they use statistical regressions misspecified for the strong selection and non-additive effects we show are widespread in microbial systems. We identify analytical practices in empirical research …
Increased Expression Of Fatty Acid And Abc Transporters Enhances Seed Oil Production In Camelina, Guangqin Cai, Geliang Wang, Sang-Chul Kim, Jianwu Li, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang
Increased Expression Of Fatty Acid And Abc Transporters Enhances Seed Oil Production In Camelina, Guangqin Cai, Geliang Wang, Sang-Chul Kim, Jianwu Li, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang
Biology Department Faculty Works
Background Lipid transporters play an essential role in lipid delivery and distribution, but their influence on seed oil production in oilseed crops is not well studied. Results Here, we examined the effect of two lipid transporters, FAX1 (fatty acid export1) and ABCA9 (ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A9) on oil production and lipid metabolism in the oilseed plant Camelina sativa. Overexpression (OE) of FAX1 and ABCA9 increased seed weight and size, with FAX1-OEs and ABCA9-OEs increasing seed length and width, respectively, whereas FAX1/ABCA9-OEs increasing both. FAX1-OE and ABCA9-OE displayed …
Morphology And Genetics Concur That Anoura Carishina Is A Synonym Of Anoura Latidens (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Miguel Rodríguez-Posada, Nathan Muchhala
Morphology And Genetics Concur That Anoura Carishina Is A Synonym Of Anoura Latidens (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Miguel Rodríguez-Posada, Nathan Muchhala
Biology Department Faculty Works
Anoura carishina was described based on cranial and dental morphology, but the original analyses did not include Anoura latidens, a similar species of Anoura. We used morphological, morphometric, and genetic analyses to evaluate the taxonomic identity of A. carishina. We performed a principal components analysis to evaluate the correspondence between morphological and taxonomic groups for 260 specimens of large-bodied Anoura (A. carishina, Anoura geoffroyi, A. latidens, and Anoura peruana), and statistically analyzed traits diagnostic for A. latidens, including (1) morphology of the third upper premolar (P4), (2) size of the second (P3) and third (P4) upper premolars, and (3) angle …
Bntir: An Online Transcriptome Platform For Exploring Rna‐Seq Libraries For Oil Crop Brassica Napus, Dongxu Liu, Liangqian Yu, Lulu Wei, Pugang Yu, Jing Wang, Hu Zhao, Yuting Zhang, Shuntai Zhang, Zhiquan Yang, Guanqun Chen, Xuan Yao, Yanjun Yang, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang, Shaoping Lu, Cheng Dai, Qing-Yong Yang, Liang Guo
Bntir: An Online Transcriptome Platform For Exploring Rna‐Seq Libraries For Oil Crop Brassica Napus, Dongxu Liu, Liangqian Yu, Lulu Wei, Pugang Yu, Jing Wang, Hu Zhao, Yuting Zhang, Shuntai Zhang, Zhiquan Yang, Guanqun Chen, Xuan Yao, Yanjun Yang, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang, Shaoping Lu, Cheng Dai, Qing-Yong Yang, Liang Guo
Biology Department Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Culex Quinquefasciatus: Status As A Threat To Island Avifauna And Options For Genetic Control, Tim Harvey-Samuel, Thomas Ant, Jolene Sutton, Chris Niebuhr, Samoa Asigau, Patricia Parker, Steven Sinkins, Luke Alphey
Culex Quinquefasciatus: Status As A Threat To Island Avifauna And Options For Genetic Control, Tim Harvey-Samuel, Thomas Ant, Jolene Sutton, Chris Niebuhr, Samoa Asigau, Patricia Parker, Steven Sinkins, Luke Alphey
Biology Department Faculty Works
The avifauna endemic to islands is particularly susceptible to population declines and extinctions resulting from the introduction of non-native pathogens. Three pathogens of concern are the avian malaria parasites, the avian poxviruses, and West Nile virus—each of which can be transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus, a highly adaptive and invasive mosquito. Culex quinquefasciatus has dramatically expanded its range in recent centuries and is now established throughout much of the tropics and sub-tropics, including on many islands that are remote from mainland landmasses and where this geographic separation historically protected island species from mosquito-borne diseases. The potential for ecological disruption by Cx. …