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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Sleep Duration Is Associated With Caudate Volume And Executive Function, Nicole Jones
Sleep Duration Is Associated With Caudate Volume And Executive Function, Nicole Jones
Honors Theses
The ineligible role of the caudate nucleus in sleep has been implicated throughout multiple scientific studies. Previous literature has shown that greater caudate volume is associated with longer habitual sleep duration in older adults- ranging from 55 years of age and up. However, the association between sleep duration and caudate volume remains unknown in the younger population. In this study, we examined the caudate volume in youth to older adults (10 to 85 years old) with a greater sample size (N=464) to increase statistical power. The volumetric size of the caudate nucleus showed significantly positive association with habitual sleep duration, …
Characterizing Cellular Stress, Hippocampal Function, And Behavior In A Novel Rat Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Anne A. Schulman
Characterizing Cellular Stress, Hippocampal Function, And Behavior In A Novel Rat Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Anne A. Schulman
Honors Theses
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects over 5 million individuals in the United States alone. While AD is primarily thought of as a disease that destroys neural networks required for memory recall and formation, AD also cause impairment in emotional regulation, cognitive flexibility, and executive function pathways. The cause of AD is unknown; however, the allele ApoE4 has been identified as a risk factor for the onset of AD. ApoE4 provides a valuable opportunity to study AD through animal models. This thesis utilized a human ApoE4 transgenic rat model (hApoE4) to investigate the biological and behavioral …
Examining The Role Of The Drosophila Melanogaster Unc13 Protein In Open Field Activity Using Rnai, Islam Orabi
Examining The Role Of The Drosophila Melanogaster Unc13 Protein In Open Field Activity Using Rnai, Islam Orabi
Honors Theses
Unc13 are proteins in the presynaptic neurons essential in controlling synaptic vesicle fusion and synaptic transmission. Recently, the reduction of Drosophila melanogaster Unc13 proteins (Dunc13), were found to result in a resistance to alcohol, highly reminiscent of tolerance formation. I investigated whether genetically reducing Dunc13 activity in Drosophila brain regions leads to different forms of behavioral plasticity using an open field activity paradigm. In my approach, a Dunc13 RNAi transgene was expressed in the Drosophila brain within the mushroom body, the ellipsoid body, and in all neurons. The activities of the flies were examined in the open field paradigm to …
The Role Of The Dal Neurons In Modulating Circadian Rhythms In Olfactory Short-Term Memory In Drosophila Melanogaster, Cooper Ruwe
The Role Of The Dal Neurons In Modulating Circadian Rhythms In Olfactory Short-Term Memory In Drosophila Melanogaster, Cooper Ruwe
Honors Theses
Depressed short-term memory (STM) abilities during non-adaptive times of the day can significantly impact those who work occupations that require peak levels of cognitive functioning around the clock. While much work has gone into understanding the endogenous clock and circadian rhythms, there is still much to learn about the neural circuity that underlies the daily rhythms that define these regular oscillations in STM performance. The DAL neurons in the Drosophila brain are part of the circadian network and innervate the mushroom bodies (MBs), the species’ olfactory learning center, making them compelling candidates to be involved in circadian circuitry for olfactory …
From Injury To Imprisonment: How Traumatic Brain Injury Can Lead To Violent Criminal Behavior, Kennedy O'Hara
From Injury To Imprisonment: How Traumatic Brain Injury Can Lead To Violent Criminal Behavior, Kennedy O'Hara
Honors Theses
The United States currently has over 2 million people residing in prisons and jails across the country (Bronson & Carson, 2019; Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2009). The current literature review aims to study the prevalence of brain injuries across these imprisoned populations. The results of this review can have serious implications in law, medicine, and rehabilitation services. A traumatic brain injury can have significant influence over criminal justice procedures including ability to stand trial and proper sentencing depending on the timing and intensity of the offense. In addition, TBI prison prevalence could be implicated with the future …
Relationship Of Head Circumference And Epilepsy Severity In Infants With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Alexis Levine
Relationship Of Head Circumference And Epilepsy Severity In Infants With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Alexis Levine
Honors Theses
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder, characterized by high incidence of seizures and tubers (benign cellular abnormalities that appear on brain imaging). Current literature reports an increased head circumference within the TSC population, but the implications, exact rate, or how big the increase is, remains unknown. We hypothesized that increased head circumference would correlate with epilepsy severity in infants with TSC. We examined clinical data from 121 infants diagnosed with TSC who were enrolled in the multi-site, prospective TSC autism center for excellence network (TACERN) study. We calculated each infant’s head circumference z-score from each study visit …
Association Of Glucocorticoid Receptor Polymorphisms With Metabolic Characteristics And Bariatric Surgery In Bariatric Patients, Sebastien Gingras
Association Of Glucocorticoid Receptor Polymorphisms With Metabolic Characteristics And Bariatric Surgery In Bariatric Patients, Sebastien Gingras
Honors Theses
Cortisol acts on target tissues through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). When in high concentration in the blood, it causes an obesity phenotype with hyperglycemia, hyperglyceridemia, hypertension and weight gain, known as Cushings’ Syndrome or Disease (CS/D). Hypersensitivity-causing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GR have been shown to lead to a similar phenotype. Because of the symptomatic resemblance between CS/D and Metabolic Syndrome (MS), we and others hypothesized that the MS may be a Cushingoid-like state with absence of hypercortisolemia, but with GR hypersensitivity. Additionally, the link between GR SNPs and the success of bariatric surgery as measured by the percent …
The Effect Of Tgf-B And Egf On Mmp-2 Activation And Mt1-Mmp Phosphorylation In U87mg And T98g Human Glioma Cells, Jacquelyn B. Knupp
The Effect Of Tgf-B And Egf On Mmp-2 Activation And Mt1-Mmp Phosphorylation In U87mg And T98g Human Glioma Cells, Jacquelyn B. Knupp
Honors Theses
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a high-grade, malignant brain tumor of astrocyte origin, invades normal brain tissue and most often results in death ofthe patient withinayearofdiagnosis. In order to invade the surrounding tissue and thereby metastasize, these tumor cells must migrate through the extracellular matrix. The pmpose ofthis research project is to investigate the family ofmatrix metalloproteinases responsible for extracellular degradation. Specifically, this investigation looks at MMP-2 activation via MT 1-MMP and the possible importance of phosphorylation of the tyrosine residue on the cytoplasmic tail of MTl-MMP. U87wildtypegliomacellsaswellasT98 p53 mutant glioma cells were treated with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-P). Preliminary results …