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Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Structural Control Of Metallothionein Metallation And Oxidation, Natalie C. Korkola
Structural Control Of Metallothionein Metallation And Oxidation, Natalie C. Korkola
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of cysteine-rich metal-binding intrinsically disordered proteins that are ubiquitous across life. The proposed functions of MTs are to maintain Zn(II) homeostasis, participate in heavy metal detoxification, and protect against oxidative stress by binding to a variety of metals in a range of stoichiometries. However, due to their disordered nature and ability to form multiple metallated species, these diverse structures are not well characterized. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is a technique that allows quantification of heterogeneous metallation states through analysis of the speciation distributions. In this thesis, ESI-MS in combination with other spectroscopic techniques is …
Expression, Characterization And Metallation Studies Of Human Metallothionein Isoform 2a Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Devika P. Jayawardena
Expression, Characterization And Metallation Studies Of Human Metallothionein Isoform 2a Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Devika P. Jayawardena
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Maintenance of the homeostasis of zinc (Zn) is very important in regulating bodily functions. There are over 300 Zn dependent enzymes identified, where Zn plays a structural or catalytic role. However, excess of Zn in a cell is toxic and free Zn ions are tightly controlled. Metallothioneins (MTs) are small cysteine rich proteins, which can bind up to seven Zn ions and act as a Zn reservoir. The MT2a isoform is predominantly found in the liver. My research focused on the overexpression of human MT2a in Escherichia coli and the investigation of Zn binding pathways of MT2a in vitro. …
Metalation And Structural Properties Of Apo-Metallothioneins, Gordon W. Irvine
Metalation And Structural Properties Of Apo-Metallothioneins, Gordon W. Irvine
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Metals are required by a quarter of all proteins to achieve their biological function, whether in an active site involved in catalytic chemistry or in a structural capacity. Metals are tightly regulated at the cellular level due to their propensity to cause unwanted side reactions and to be scavenged for use by pathogens. One of the proteins involved in this regulation of metal homeostasis is metallothionein (MT) which is a small, cysteine rich protein primarily involved in the regulation of zinc and copper homeostasis and heavy metal detoxification. MT is unique in its high cysteine content (~30% of the residues), …
Reactions Between Zinc Metallothionein And Carbonic Anhydrase, Tyler B. J. Pinter
Reactions Between Zinc Metallothionein And Carbonic Anhydrase, Tyler B. J. Pinter
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
More than 25% of proteins require metal ion cofactors for structure or function. The interactions between metalloproteins have largely been overlooked, though these interactions ultimately govern metal localization and control metal ion homeostasis. Mammalian metallothionein (MT) is a small, cysteine-rich metalloprotein that binds numerous metal ions per protein strand. Up to seven divalent metals, such as zinc or cadmium, are wrapped into a clustered two-domain structure. This unusually high metal content places MT as an attractive candidate for studying interactions with other metal-binding proteins. This present study investigates the metal transfer reactions between MTs and other metalloproteins, using carbonic anhydrase …
Structural Motifs Of Novel Metallothionein Proteins, Duncan E K Sutherland
Structural Motifs Of Novel Metallothionein Proteins, Duncan E K Sutherland
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of small cysteine rich proteins, which have been implicated in toxic metal detoxification, protection against oxidative stress, and as a metallochaperone. The most well studied member of the family is the mammalian MT, which consists of two domains: a β-domain with 9 cysteine residues, which sequesters 3 Cd2+/Zn2+, and an α-domain with 11 cysteine residues, which sequesters 4 Cd2+/Zn2+. The exact functions of MT are unknown but must relate to its metalation status. Several areas that could lead to the assignment of function include 1) the determination …