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Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
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University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Characterization Of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis And Modification In Plants, Dongdong Zhang
Characterization Of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis And Modification In Plants, Dongdong Zhang
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous membrane lipids in eukaryotic cells. Ceramides, the backbone of sphingolipids, are synthesized by ceramide synthases (CerSs), which form amide bonds between long-chain bases (LCBs) and the acyl groups of acyl-CoAs. Class I CerS works predominantly towards C16-CoA, whereas Class II CerS works towards C24-CoA. Plant sphingolipids generally have 16-carbon and 24-carbon as the major acyl groups. However, the sphingolipids of Oryza sativa and Zea mays have 20-carbon and 24-carbon as the predominant acyl groups. This dissertation aims to understand the substrate preference of CerSs in monocots such as rice. Phylogenetic analysis shows the Class I CerSs from …
Dissecting The Regulatory Network Of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis In Plants, Ariadna Gonzalez-Solis
Dissecting The Regulatory Network Of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis In Plants, Ariadna Gonzalez-Solis
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sphingolipids are a diverse group of lipids recognized as important components of cellular membranes and regulators of processes during development and in response to environmental stresses. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid biosynthesis and is a primary regulatory point for homeostasis. ORM proteins have been identified as negative regulators of SPT activity, however the mechanistic details of the regulation are only beginning to be understood. In this work, we show that ORM1 and ORM2 are essential for life cycle completion in Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, the study of a structural ORM1 variant provided information about a transmembrane …
Defining The Roles Of Serine Palmitoyltransferase-Interacting Proteins In The Regulation Of Sphingolipid Homeostasis, Athen N. Kimberlin
Defining The Roles Of Serine Palmitoyltransferase-Interacting Proteins In The Regulation Of Sphingolipid Homeostasis, Athen N. Kimberlin
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sphingolipids are major structural components of the plasma membrane and endomembrane system. Research suggests that sphingolipids are involved with the formation of lipid microdomains, also known as lipid rafts, which may help to organize proteins within the membrane and may be important for membrane trafficking. Aside from their structural roles in membranes, sphingolipids and their metabolic products have been implicated in several cellular signaling responses like programmed cell death (PCD). Because of this, maintenance of sphingolipid homeostasis is critical for eukaryotic cell growth and development. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid biosynthesis and is the primary regulatory …
Investigation Of Pathways For Complex Sphingolipid Biosynthesis In Arabidopsis Thaliana (L.) Heynh, Kyle Luttgeharm
Investigation Of Pathways For Complex Sphingolipid Biosynthesis In Arabidopsis Thaliana (L.) Heynh, Kyle Luttgeharm
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryote membranes. The ceramide backbone of complex sphingolipids is composed of an 18 carbon Long Chain Base (LCB) bound to a 16-26 carbon fatty acid (FA) through an amide linkage. Ceramides are synthesized de novo from a free LCB and fatty acyl coA by ceramide synthase (sphingosine N-acyl transferase, EC 2.3.1.24) which can be inhibited by the fungal mycotoxin Fumonisin B1. Arabidopsis thaliana contains three ceramide synthases denoted LOH1, LOH2, and LOH3 that have previously been hypothesized to have unique substrate preferences that control the final sphingolipid composition, different susceptibilities to …