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Articles 1 - 30 of 187
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Elucidating The Mechanisms Of Complex Flavoprotein Dehydrogenases, Tyler Alt
Elucidating The Mechanisms Of Complex Flavoprotein Dehydrogenases, Tyler Alt
Dissertations
Flavins are ubiquitous redox active cofactors that can catalyze electron transfer between substrates. They offer the advantage of being able to stabilize a range of oxidation and protonation states, as well being amenable to covalent modification, which can further alter their activity. As such, the scope of reactions catalyzed by flavoproteins is broad and flavin has implications in a range of biological processes. The two predominant forms of flavin that serve as redox active cofactors are flavin adenine mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which are functionally homologous. A major complication of studying flavoprotein dehydrogenases, and one that has …
Analysis Of Antibody Affinity Maturation And Thermal Stability Of Proteins Using Photophysical Approaches, Claire Baxter
Analysis Of Antibody Affinity Maturation And Thermal Stability Of Proteins Using Photophysical Approaches, Claire Baxter
Dissertations
Engineered antibodies (Abs) have found applications in disparate fields such as enzyme catalysis and medicinal therapeutics because of their exquisite binding affinity and specificity. To engineer antibodies for these purposes, a firm understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control Ab affinity and specificity is needed, so these properties can be tightly controlled and adapted to the application at hand. My research characterized the binding site of the anti-fluorescein Ab 4-4-20 using an array of biophysical techniques and gives insight into the binding site interactions that give rise to both affinity and specificity. We utilized Fab fragments of the anti-fluorescein Ab …
A Novel Approach To Treat Trastuzumab Resistant Her2+ Breast Cancer: Activation Pkcδ, Maria Grazia Mejia Monroy
A Novel Approach To Treat Trastuzumab Resistant Her2+ Breast Cancer: Activation Pkcδ, Maria Grazia Mejia Monroy
Master's Theses
In the United States, approximately one in eight women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in her lifetime and one in forty will die from breast cancer. From among all the different subtypes of breast cancer, HER2+ can be found in approximately 20% of breast cancer tumors. HER2 overexpression has been associated with an aggressive form of breast cancer, increasing the risk of metastasis or recurrent tumors in 50% of patients. The standard of care for HER2 positive breast cancer, trastuzumab, has been effective for some patients; however, others develop resistance over time, leading to disease progression and metastasis. …
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Mediates Sex Specific Outcomes In Sepsis Induced Cardiomyopathy, John Yap
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Mediates Sex Specific Outcomes In Sepsis Induced Cardiomyopathy, John Yap
Dissertations
During sepsis, males often experience worse cardiac outcomes than females. Here, we identified pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) as a key contributor to this disparity. PDK4 is a mitochondrial protein that regulates glucose utilization by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). Using a mouse model of endotoxemia, we induced acute inflammation with a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which caused cardiac dysfunction and significantly increased myocardial PDK4 expression in males but not females. Cardiac-specific PDK4 overexpression promoted LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction in both sexes, whereas cardiac-specific PDK4 knockout provided protection. In wild-type males, LPS disrupted cardiac metabolism by decreasing PDH activity and fatty …
Regulatory, Structural And Functional Studies Of The Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase From Photosynthetic And Heterotrophic Organisms, Gabriela Martinez-Ramirez
Regulatory, Structural And Functional Studies Of The Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase From Photosynthetic And Heterotrophic Organisms, Gabriela Martinez-Ramirez
Dissertations
The production of biofuels like ethanol has increased with the transition to renewable energy. Starch can be converted into ethanol through chemical modification. Increasing the availability of starch is crucial to fight back climate change thus, researchers have focused on the biotechnological modification of plants. This modification is known as transgenics, where a plant is modified by the insertion of genes, to make it as productive as possible. The genes inserted code for enzymes that control pathways responsible for the synthesis of certain biomolecules, in this case starch. The synthesis of starch in plants (as glycogen in both photosynthetic and …
Understanding The Mystery Of R-Loops And Their Relationship To Nucleolar Stress, Kevin Shane
Understanding The Mystery Of R-Loops And Their Relationship To Nucleolar Stress, Kevin Shane
Master's Theses
Genomic instability is an increase in the likelihood of DNA mutations and genetic changes during cell division, a common feature in cancer cells. One cause of genomic instability comes from the aberrant formation of three-stranded nucleic acid structures called R-loops. R-loop form when an RNA strand hybridizes to its complementary strand of DNA, forming a stable RNA:DNA hybrid and displacing one free strand of DNA 1. Accumulation of unscheduled R-loops can lead to replication stress, fork collision, gene expression changes, and double-strand breaks that are underlying causes of genome instability and the development of many diseases, including cancer 2. Many …
Absolute Quantification Of Human Myosin And Titin Isoforms In Disease By A Mass Spectrometry Approach, Nitha Aima Muntu
Absolute Quantification Of Human Myosin And Titin Isoforms In Disease By A Mass Spectrometry Approach, Nitha Aima Muntu
Master's Theses
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of death worldwide and produces an immense economic burden. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by contractile weakness and chamber dilation, is a significant cause of HF. The sarcomeric proteins play a crucial role in regulating the contractile properties of the heart. As the primary motor protein, the expression of cardiac myosin isoforms (α-MHC and β-MHC) dictates the performance and cardiac energy utilization of the sarcomere. Titin is the giant spring protein in the sarcomere, and titin isoform expression impacts the passive stiffness of the myocardium. Small changes in the α-MHC/β-MHC and titin isoform ratios …
Investigating The Oncogenic Role Of Nkx3.1 In Prostate Cancer, Audris Budreika
Investigating The Oncogenic Role Of Nkx3.1 In Prostate Cancer, Audris Budreika
Master's Theses
Prostate cancer is a unique disease in that it is fueled by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. In the clinic, AR signaling is disrupted by removing androgens via chemical castration and employing AR-antagonists such as enzalutamide. Unfortunately, these therapies are short-lived, resistance sets in, and tumors evolve to a form of the disease called castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). At this stage, therapeutic options are virtually exhausted and palliative care is pursued. There is a growing need to characterize other molecular players that cooperate with AR or play a unique role in CRPC on their own. One such potential candidate is the …
Enzymological Revisionism: Employing Transient State Approaches To Define The Catalytic Sequences Of Poorly Understood Systems, Madison M. Smith
Enzymological Revisionism: Employing Transient State Approaches To Define The Catalytic Sequences Of Poorly Understood Systems, Madison M. Smith
Dissertations
Flavin is a molecule composed of a tricyclic isoalloxazine ring linked to a ribityl. Flavins are utilized as a cofactor by many enzymes to facilitate a myriad of chemistries. Flavoproteins were first discovered in the late 1800 s and have since been an interest to researchers, largely due to the unique spectrophotometric characteristics that make it a valuable reporter molecule. Flavin cofactors (typically either flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN)) are chemically versatile as the isoalloxazine ring can form one and two-electron reduced states. The reduced states are prone to react with molecular oxygen and numerous observations have …
Characterizing The Utility Of A Near Infrared Click Beetle Luciferase For Bli Applications, Giovanni Duca
Characterizing The Utility Of A Near Infrared Click Beetle Luciferase For Bli Applications, Giovanni Duca
Master's Theses
Bioluminescent imaging systems (BLI) have become a valuable tool for doing real-time in vivo studies. BLI systems typically allow for the imaging of surface and subsurface level tissues but as depth increases, the resolution decreases while the signal to noise ratio increases. Deep tissue imaging is therefore a major limitation for BLI. To address this limitation there has been a consistent movement in luciferase research to create long wavelength emitting luciferases that still have a high photon emission rate. Longer wavelengths of light are able to penetrate deeper tissues due to having a lower amount of absorbance and scattering from …
In Silico Binding Of 2-Aminocyclobutanones To Sars-Cov-2 Nsp13 Helicase And Demonstration Of Antiviral Activity, Thahani S. Habeeb Mohammad, Yash Gupta, Cory T. Reidl, Vlad Nicolaescu, Haley Gula, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D.
In Silico Binding Of 2-Aminocyclobutanones To Sars-Cov-2 Nsp13 Helicase And Demonstration Of Antiviral Activity, Thahani S. Habeeb Mohammad, Yash Gupta, Cory T. Reidl, Vlad Nicolaescu, Haley Gula, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D.
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The landscape of viral strains and lineages of SARS-CoV-2 keeps changing and is currently dominated by Delta and Omicron variants. Members of the latest Omicron variants, including BA.1, are showing a high level of immune evasion, and Omicron has become a prominent variant circulating globally. In our search for versatile medicinal chemistry scaffolds, we prepared a library of substituted α-aminocyclobutanones from an α-aminocyclobutanone synthon (11). We performed an in silico screen of this actual chemical library as well as other virtual 2-aminocyclobutanone analogs against seven SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins to identify potential drug leads against SARS-CoV-2, and more broadly against coronavirus …
Mammalian Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase: Employing Transient State Kinetic Methods To Determine Catalytic And Inhibitory Mechanisms, Dariush Forouzesh
Mammalian Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase: Employing Transient State Kinetic Methods To Determine Catalytic And Inhibitory Mechanisms, Dariush Forouzesh
Dissertations
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) catalyzes the two-electron reduction of pyrimidine bases uracil and thymine as the first step in pyrimidine catabolism. The enzyme achieves this simple chemistry using a complex cofactor set including two flavins and four Fe4S4 centers. The flavins, FAD and FMN, interact with respective NADPH and pyrimidine substrates and the iron-sulfur centers form an electron transfer wire that links the two active sites that are separated by 56 Å. DPD accepts the common antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5FU) as a substrate and so undermines the establishment of efficacious toxicity. Though studied for multiple decades, a precise description of the …
Role Of Micrornas In Intestinal Inflammation And Barrier Homeostasis After Alcohol And Burn Injury, Caroline J. Herrnreiter
Role Of Micrornas In Intestinal Inflammation And Barrier Homeostasis After Alcohol And Burn Injury, Caroline J. Herrnreiter
Dissertations
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. Within the intestinal epithelium, miRNAs play a critical role in gut homeostasis and aberrant miRNA expression has been implicated in various disorders associated with intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption. In this study, we sought to profile changes in intestinal epithelial cell miRNA expression after alcohol and burn injury and elucidate their impact on inflammation and barrier integrity. In a more targeted approach, we began by focusing on anti-inflammatory miRNAs that, when downregulated, could exacerbate inflammation and result in intestinal barrier disruption. Using a mouse model of acute ethanol intoxication …
Dynamic Control Of The Cardiac Calcium Pump, Sean Robert Cleary
Dynamic Control Of The Cardiac Calcium Pump, Sean Robert Cleary
Dissertations
The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) sequesters Ca2+ into the endoplasmic reticulum of cells to establish a reservoir for Ca2+ signaling. In the heart, the activity of this transporter is tightly controlled via direct interactions with two competing regulatory micropeptides: phospholamban (PLB) and dwarf open reading frame (DWORF). PLB inhibits SERCA, while DWORF activates SERCA. These competing interactions determine cardiac performance by modulating the Ca2+ signals that drive the contraction/relaxation cycle. Previous studies indicated these SERCA-micropeptide interactions are Ca2+-sensitive; SERCA binds PLB more avidly at low cytoplasmic [Ca2+] but binds DWORF better when [Ca2+] is high. Here, FRET-microscopy demonstrated that this …
Characterization Of The Full-Length Bag3 Protein And Stress Induced Formation Of Bag3-Z, Ahmed Gamal Abdalla Zied
Characterization Of The Full-Length Bag3 Protein And Stress Induced Formation Of Bag3-Z, Ahmed Gamal Abdalla Zied
Master's Theses
Bcl2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3) is a pro-autophagy co-chaperone that we havepreviously shown localizes to the cardiac sarcomere and is critical for proteostasis and maintenance of normal sarcomeric function. Indeed, BAG3 loss in heart failure (HF) results in accumulation of ubiquitinated sarcomeric proteins, and depressed maximum force generating capacity (Fmax). However, how BAG3 is regulated in the cell is not well understood, with uncertainty about its structure and proteoforms. During our analysis of human heart tissue, BAG3 appears as a “doublet”, with one band at 74 kDa (BAG3-Z) and a second at a higher 85 kDa (BAG3-FL). Previous studies hypothesized the full-length …
Characterizing The Dynamic Localization Of Cmi In Early Drosophila Development, Asra Habibullah
Characterizing The Dynamic Localization Of Cmi In Early Drosophila Development, Asra Habibullah
Master's Theses
The COMPASS-like family of lysine methyltransferases, MLR/MLX complexes, are epigenetic regulators that are essential for normal development through the methylation of the fourth lysine residue on histone 3 (H3K4), a universal epigenetic mark associated with active transcription. This family of complexes is highly conserved from yeast to mammals and the genes encoding the human MLR complexes have been associated with various developmental diseases and cancers (Dingwall and Fagan, 2019). In D. melanogaster, the enzymatic methyltransferase core of this complex is composed of two proteins: Cara Mitad (Cmi, also known as Lpt) and Trithorax-related (Trr). Although these proteins have been shown …
The Impacts Of Framework Mutations On Steady-State Kinetics Of An Aldolase Abzyme, Charles Andrew Mettler
The Impacts Of Framework Mutations On Steady-State Kinetics Of An Aldolase Abzyme, Charles Andrew Mettler
Master's Theses
During affinity maturation, antibodies acquire point mutations that lead to enhanced binding strength to a particular ligand while simultaneously becoming more conformationally restricted as they become increasingly complementary to their ligand’s electrostatic geometry. This property has catalytic potential in transition-state (TS) stabilization whereby kinetic barriers (i.e., the energetic gap between the substrate and its TS) are reduced and reaction rates are enhanced. This basic mechanism is thought to underlie the majority of the rate enhancement observed for enzymes. A key integration of antibody binding specificity and strength with enzymatic catalytic strategy is the development of catalytic antibodies (“abzymes”). Abzymes are …
Structural And Transient Kinetic Analysis On Mechanism-Based Inactivators Of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase, Arseniy Butrin
Structural And Transient Kinetic Analysis On Mechanism-Based Inactivators Of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase, Arseniy Butrin
Dissertations
HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma, MBI, Mechanism-based inactivator, OAT, Ornithine Aminotransferase
The Roles Of A Probiotic Exopolysaccharide In Breast Cancer, Mai Rachel Nguyen
The Roles Of A Probiotic Exopolysaccharide In Breast Cancer, Mai Rachel Nguyen
Dissertations
breast cancer, exopolysaccharide, probiotic
Cellular Mechanisms Underlying State-Dependent Neural Inhibition With Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye, Vincent Chiun-Fan Chen, Jenna Hendee
Cellular Mechanisms Underlying State-Dependent Neural Inhibition With Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye, Vincent Chiun-Fan Chen, Jenna Hendee
Engineering Science Faculty Publications
Novel stimulation protocols for neuromodulation with magnetic fields are explored in clinical and laboratory settings. Recent evidence suggests that the activation state of the nervous system plays a significant role in the outcome of magnetic stimulation, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of state-dependency have not been completely investigated. We recently reported that high frequency magnetic stimulation could inhibit neural activity when the neuron was in a low active state. In this paper, we investigate state-dependent neural modulation by applying a magnetic field to single neurons, using the novel micro-coil technology. High frequency magnetic stimulation suppressed single neuron activity …
Repurposing Lansoprazole And Posaconazole To Treat Leishmaniasis: Integration Of In Vitro Testing, Pharmacological Corroboration, And Mechanisms Of Action, Yash Gupta, Steven Goicoechea, Jesus G. Romero, Raman Mathur, Thomas R. Caulfield, Daniel P. Becker, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah
Repurposing Lansoprazole And Posaconazole To Treat Leishmaniasis: Integration Of In Vitro Testing, Pharmacological Corroboration, And Mechanisms Of Action, Yash Gupta, Steven Goicoechea, Jesus G. Romero, Raman Mathur, Thomas R. Caulfield, Daniel P. Becker, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Leishmaniasis remains a serious public health problem in many tropical regions of the world. Among neglected tropical diseases, the mortality rate of leishmaniasis is second only to malaria. All currently approved therapeutics have toxic side effects and face rapidly increasing resistance. To identify existing drugs with antileishmanial activity and predict the mechanism of action, we designed a drug-discovery pipeline utilizing both in-silico and in-vitro methods. First, we screened compounds from the Selleckchem Bio-Active Compound Library containing ~1622 FDA-approved drugs and narrowed these down to 96 candidates based on data mining for possible anti-parasitic properties. Next, we completed preliminary in-vitro testing …
Abl2 Promotes Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Via Ppar Gamma Regulation, Gregory Malnassy
Abl2 Promotes Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Via Ppar Gamma Regulation, Gregory Malnassy
Dissertations
Alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) is an umbrella term for a spectrum of diseases resulting from chronic alcohol (e.g. ethanol) abuse ranging in severity from reversible conditions such as alcohol-induced steatosis to advanced and largely irreversible liver pathologies including alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), alcoholic hepatitis (AH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AALD is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and accounts for 44% of liver disease deaths in the United States. Drinking rates, both in the United States and globally, have increased year over year for the past three decades, a trend which has resulted in significantly …
Bisindolylmaleimide Ix: A Novel Anti-Sars-Cov2 Agent Targeting Viral Main Protease 3clpro Demonstrated By Virtual Screening Pipeline And In-Vitro Validation Assays, Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Samantha E. Zak, Krysten A. Jones, Rahul S. Kathayat, Saara-Anne Azizi, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Andrew S. Herbert, Ajay Bharti, Brijesh Rathi, Ravi Durvasula, Daniel P. Becker, Bryan C. Dickinson, John M. Dye, Prakasha Kempaiah
Bisindolylmaleimide Ix: A Novel Anti-Sars-Cov2 Agent Targeting Viral Main Protease 3clpro Demonstrated By Virtual Screening Pipeline And In-Vitro Validation Assays, Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Samantha E. Zak, Krysten A. Jones, Rahul S. Kathayat, Saara-Anne Azizi, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Andrew S. Herbert, Ajay Bharti, Brijesh Rathi, Ravi Durvasula, Daniel P. Becker, Bryan C. Dickinson, John M. Dye, Prakasha Kempaiah
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 consists of several enzymes with essential functions within its proteome. Here, we focused on repurposing approved and investigational drugs/compounds. We targeted seven proteins with enzymatic activities known to be essential at different stages of the viral cycle including PLpro, 3CLpro, RdRP, Helicase, ExoN, NendoU, and 2′-O-MT. For virtual screening, energy minimization of a crystal structure of the modeled protein was carried out using the Protein Preparation Wizard (Schrodinger LLC 2020-1). Following active site selection based on data mining and COACH predictions, we performed a high-throughput virtual screen of drugs and investigational molecules (n = …
Quantifying Phosphatidylethanol From Blood Samples, James V. Defrancesco, Majid Afshar
Quantifying Phosphatidylethanol From Blood Samples, James V. Defrancesco, Majid Afshar
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Disclosed herein is a method for quantifying phosphatidylethanol (“ PEth ”), direct ethanol biomarker, from a blood sample using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The method disclosed herein is useful for diagnosing acute and chronic alcohol abuse.
Bridging The 12-6-4 Model And The Fluctuating Charge Model, Pengfei Li
Bridging The 12-6-4 Model And The Fluctuating Charge Model, Pengfei Li
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Metal ions play important roles in various biological systems. Molecular dynamics (MD) using classical force field has become a popular research tool to study biological systems at the atomic level. However, meaningful MD simulations require reliable models and parameters. Previously we showed that the 12-6 Lennard-Jones nonbonded model for ions could not reproduce the experimental hydration free energy (HFE) and ion-oxygen distance (IOD) values simultaneously when ion has a charge of +2 or higher. We discussed that this deficiency arises from the overlook of the ion-induced dipole interaction in the 12-6 model, and this term is proportional to 1/r …
Somatic Inhibition By Microscopic Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye
Somatic Inhibition By Microscopic Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Electric currents can produce quick, reversible control of neural activity. Externally applied electric currents have been used in inhibiting certain ganglion cells in clinical practices. Via electromagnetic induction, a miniature-sized magnetic coil could provide focal stimulation to the ganglion neurons. Here we report that high-frequency stimulation with the miniature coil could reversibly block ganglion cell activity in marine mollusk Aplysia californica, regardless the firing frequency of the neurons, or concentration of potassium ions around the ganglion neurons. Presence of the ganglion sheath has minimal impact on the inhibitory effects of the coil. The inhibitory effect was local to the …
Function Of Mllt3 In Liver Metabolism, Grace Ann Hammack
Function Of Mllt3 In Liver Metabolism, Grace Ann Hammack
Master's Theses
The chromatin regulator MLLT3 recognizes target genes through the YEATS domain that identifies post-translationally modified histones, with preference for crotonyl and acetyl marks, and recruits different multiprotein effector complexes through its C-terminal domain to target genes. To study the role of MLLT3 in gene regulation, the Zeleznik-Le and Hemenway labs developed Mllt3 whole-body knockout (Mllt3;Rosa26-CreERT2) mice. These mice have a hematopoietic stem cell phenotype and an unexpected obesity and hepatic steatosis phenotype. It was unknown whether these phenotypes were from liver intrinsic effects or influenced by other parts of the body. To study this fatty liver phenotype further, Mllt3;Alb-Cre were …
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Transcriptional Dysregulation In Hematopoeitc Stem And Progenitor Cells Leads To Bone Marrow Erythroid Suppresion In Multiple Myeloma Patients - Ex Vivo Investigations, Vimal Ravi Subramaniam
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Transcriptional Dysregulation In Hematopoeitc Stem And Progenitor Cells Leads To Bone Marrow Erythroid Suppresion In Multiple Myeloma Patients - Ex Vivo Investigations, Vimal Ravi Subramaniam
Master's Theses
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulates our body’s involuntary response to stress or harm. Once activated, it releases hormones and neurotransmitters known as catecholamines throughout the body to mediate its recovery. The catecholamines bind to adrenergic receptors located on various cells in a process designated as adrenergic signaling to elicit this response. This process is not always to our benefit. Adverse symptoms such as anemia can result due to adrenergic signaling. Our laboratory previously showed that burn injury triggers adrenergic receptor stimulation resulting in anemia induced by diminished erythropoiesis. The development of anemia in these studies was found to be …
Axonal Blockage With Microscopic Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye
Axonal Blockage With Microscopic Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Numerous neurological dysfunctions are characterized by undesirable nerve activity. By providing reversible nerve blockage, electric stimulation with an implanted electrode holds promise in the treatment of these conditions. However, there are several limitations to its application, including poor bio-compatibility and decreased efficacy during chronic implantation. A magnetic coil of miniature size can mitigate some of these problems, by coating it with biocompatible material for chronic implantation. However, it is unknown if miniature coils could be effective in axonal blockage and, if so, what the underlying mechanisms are. Here we demonstrate that a submillimeter magnetic coil can reversibly block action potentials …
A Review Of The Preclinical And Clinical Efficacy Of Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, And Lopinavir-Ritonavir Treatments Against Covid-19, Dawid Maciorowski, Samir Z. El Idrissi, Yash Gupta, Brian J. Medernach, Michael B. Burns, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah
A Review Of The Preclinical And Clinical Efficacy Of Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, And Lopinavir-Ritonavir Treatments Against Covid-19, Dawid Maciorowski, Samir Z. El Idrissi, Yash Gupta, Brian J. Medernach, Michael B. Burns, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
In December of 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus flared in Wuhan, the capital city of the Hubei Province, China. The pathogen has been identified as a novel enveloped RNA beta-coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a disease characterized by severe atypical pneumonia known as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Typical symptoms of this disease include cough, fever, malaise, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal symptoms, anosmia, and, in severe cases, pneumonia.1 The high-risk group of COVID-19 patients includes people over the age of 60 years as well as people with existing cardiovascular …