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- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (11)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- ESL Publications (2)
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- 5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase; Concentrating Mechanisms; Diel Rhythms; Waters; Expression; Diatoms; Cyanobacteria; Productivity (1)
- Central Equatorial Pacific; Chlorophyll-Labeling Method; Sub-Arctic Pacific; Community Structure; Photosynthetic Pigments; Grazing Impact; Chatham Rise; Ocean; Iron; Carbon (1)
- Coastal-Plain Estuary; Boundary-Layer; Turbulence; Momentum; Dynamics; Rotation; Profile; Surface; Cycle; Flow (1)
- Crassostrea virginica · Restoration · Chesapeake Bay · Filter-feeders · Water quality · Ecosystem services R (1)
- Early Benthic Stages; St-Lawrence; Dinoflagellate Infection; Southern Gulf; Bonne Bay; Bairdi; Prevalence; Maturity; Host; Temperature (1)
- Feeding-Behavior; Horseshoe-Crab; Lobster; Fish; Populations; Responses; Prey (1)
- Food-Web Structure; Submerged Aquatic Vegetation; Bacterial Carbon-Sources; Trophic Cascades; Chesapeake Bay; Community Structure; Microbial Biomass; Grazer Diversity; Fatty-Acids; Productivity (1)
- Fundulus heteroclitus; ecological genomics; environmental genomics; evolutionary genomics; physiological genomics; toxicogenomics (1)
- Gulf-Of-Mexico; Total Inorganic Carbon; Ribulose-1 (1)
- Haplosporidian; shrimp; parasite; molecular phylogenetic analysis (1)
- Herpes-Like-Virus; Crassostrea-Virginica Gmelin; Clam Tapes-Decussatus; Galicia Nw Spain; Perkinsus-Marinus; Ostreid Herpesvirus-1; Manila Clams; Ruditapes-Philippinarum; Venerupis-Philippinarum; Gigas (1)
- Krill Euphausia-Superba; Sea-Ice Extent; Southern-Ocean Climate; Austral Spring Bloom; Crab-Eater Seals; Ross Sea; Bransfield Strait; Continental-Shelf; Scotia Sea; Phytoplankton Assemblages (1)
- Lobster Nephrops-Norvegicus; Bitter Crab Disease; 5.8S Ribosomal-Rna; Perkinsus-Marinus; Parasitic Dinoflagellate; West-Coast; Dinophyceae; Dna; Variability; Prevalence (1)
- Mya-Arenaria; Softshell Clam; Macoma-Balthica; Zoosporulation; Proliferation; Salinity; Andrewsi; Parasite; Assay; Spp. (1)
- Northern Indian-Ocean; Asian Summer Monsoon; Late Quaternary; Organic-Matter; Interannual Variability; Equatorial Pacific; Southwest Monsoon; Millennial-Scale; Oxygen-Minimum; Particle-Flux (1)
- Oysters · Ecosystem · Management · Filter-feeding · Restoration · Estuary (1)
- Pacific Oyster; Induced Thermotolerance; Mytilus-Edulis; In-Vitro; Gigas; Induction; Disease; Heat-Shock-Protein-70; Temperature; Apicomplexa (1)
- Pacific Subtropical Gyre; Attached Bacteria; Heterotrophic Bacteria; Pseudomonas Sp; Snow; Dynamics; Communities; Assemblages; Recovery; Adhesion (1)
- Panulirus-Argus; Prophenoloxidase; Hemocytes (1)
- Polymerase-Chain-Reaction; Thunnus-albacares; Gut Contents (1)
- Scallop Placopecten-Magellanicus; Georges Bank; Sea Scallops; Movement (1)
- Shrimp Palaemonetes-Pugio; Cordgrass Spartina-Alterniflora; Reed Phragmites-Australis; Fundulus-Heteroclitus; Food-Web; Grass Shrimp; Top-Down; Uhlorchestia-Spartinophila; Infaunal Communities; Benthic Microalgae (1)
- Submersed Aquatic Vegetation; Dissolved Organic Nitrogen; Coastal Bays; Aureococcus-Anophagefferens; Chesapeake Bay; Nutrient Enrichment; Brown Tide; Eutrophication; Hypoxia; Blooms (1)
- Submersed Aquatic Vegetation; Zostera-Marina L; Water-Quality; Nutrient Enrichment; Nitrogen Loads; Chesapeake Bay; Pamlico-Sound; New-Jersey; Usa; Phytoplankton (1)
- Symbiotic Egg Predator; Red King Crab; De-Fuca Ridge; N-Sp Nemertea; Paralithodes-Camtschatica; Cold Seeps; Crustaceans; Host; Infestation; Australia (1)
Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Fundulus As The Premier Teleost Model In Environmental Biology: Opportunities For New Insights Using Genomics, Karen G. Burnett, Lisa J. Bain, William S. Baldwin, (…), Peter A. Van Veld, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
Fundulus As The Premier Teleost Model In Environmental Biology: Opportunities For New Insights Using Genomics, Karen G. Burnett, Lisa J. Bain, William S. Baldwin, (…), Peter A. Van Veld, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
VIMS Articles
A strong foundation of basic and applied research documents that the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and related species are unique laboratory and field models for understanding how individuals and populations interact with their environment. In this paper we summarize an extensive body of work examining the adaptive responses of Fundulus species to environmental conditions, and describe how this research has contributed importantly to our understanding of physiology, gene regulation, toxicology, and ecological and evolutionary genetics of teleosts and other vertebrates. These explorations have reached a critical juncture at which advancement is hindered by the lack of genomic resources for these …
Abstracts Of Papers Presented At The 16th International Pectinid Workshop Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada May 11–18, 2007, G. Jay Parsons
Abstracts Of Papers Presented At The 16th International Pectinid Workshop Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada May 11–18, 2007, G. Jay Parsons
VIMS Articles
VIMS Author Contributions: Scallop dredge selectivity: A review of sequential ring size increases from 1994 to 2003 in the US sea scallop fishery By: DuPaul, William D.; Rudders, David B. Pages: 1307-1308 Industry-based sea scallop dredge surveys in support of rotational area management By: Rudders, B.; DuPaul, William D. Pages: 1337-1338 Size-selectivity of the commercial northwest Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) dredge By: Yochum, Noelle; DuPaul, William D. Pages: 1355-1355
Ecosystem Services Related To Oyster Restoration, Ld Coen, Rochelle Brumbaugh, D Bushek, R Grizzle, Mark Luckenbach, Et Al
Ecosystem Services Related To Oyster Restoration, Ld Coen, Rochelle Brumbaugh, D Bushek, R Grizzle, Mark Luckenbach, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The importance of restoring filter-feeders, such as the Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica, to mitigate the effects of eutrophication (e.g. in Chesapeake Bay) is currently under debate. The argument that bivalve molluscs alone cannot control phytoplankton blooms and reduce hypoxia oversimplifies a more complex issue, namely that ecosystem engineering species make manifold contributions to ecosystem services. Although further discussion and research leading to a more complete understanding is required, oysters and other molluscs (e.g. mussels) in estuarine ecosystems provide services far beyond the mere top-down control of phytoplankton blooms, such as (1) seston filtration, (2) benthic–pelagic coupling, (3) creation of refugia …
Effects Of Oyster Population Restoration Strategies On Phytoplankton Biomass In Chesapeake Bay: A Flexible Modeling Approach, Rs Fulford, Dl Brietburg, Rie Newell, Wm Kemp, Mw Luckenbach
Effects Of Oyster Population Restoration Strategies On Phytoplankton Biomass In Chesapeake Bay: A Flexible Modeling Approach, Rs Fulford, Dl Brietburg, Rie Newell, Wm Kemp, Mw Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
Cultural eutrophication in estuaries and other coastal systems has increased over the last 50 yr. Some recently proposed strategies to reverse this trend have included the restoration of bivalve suspension feeders as an ecological tool for reducing phytoplankton biomass. The ecological benefits accruing from such bivalve restoration will be dependent on the characteristics of the estuary, as well as how restoration is implemented. We developed a filtration model to estimate the effect of bivalve restoration on the rate of phytoplankton removal over a range of spatial and temporal scales and used it to compare alternate restoration strategies for the eastern …
Specific Identification Of Western Atlantic Ocean Scombrids Using Mitochondrial Dna Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (Coi) Gene Region Sequences, Ma Paine, Jan Mcdowell, John E. Graves
Specific Identification Of Western Atlantic Ocean Scombrids Using Mitochondrial Dna Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (Coi) Gene Region Sequences, Ma Paine, Jan Mcdowell, John E. Graves
VIMS Articles
Identification of scombrids (tunas, mackerels, bonitos, etc.) is difficult when morphological characters are ambiguous or missing, such as with early life history stages or tissues found in the stomachs of predators. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region was evaluated as a molecular marker for the specific identification of the 17 members of the family Scombridae common to the western Atlantic Ocean. A 950 base pair region in the COI gene was sequenced from up to 20 individuals of each species, and suites of nucleotide polymorphisms that unambiguously distinguish among these scombrid species were identified. A shorter …
Characterization Of A Rediscovered Haplosporidian Parasite From Cultured Penaeus Vannamei, Lm Nunam, Dv Lightner, Cr Pantoja, Na Stokes, Kimberly S. Reece
Characterization Of A Rediscovered Haplosporidian Parasite From Cultured Penaeus Vannamei, Lm Nunam, Dv Lightner, Cr Pantoja, Na Stokes, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Mortalities of Penaeus vannamei, cultured in ponds in Belize, Central America, began during the last part of the grow-out cycle during the cold weather months from September 2004 through February 2005. Tissue squashes of infected hepatopancreata and histological examination of infected shrimp revealed that the mortalities might have been caused by an endoparasite. To confirm the diagnosis, DNA was extracted from ethanol preserved hepatopancreata and the small-subunit rRNA gene was sequenced. The 1838 by sequence was novel and phylogenetic analysis placed the P. vannamei parasite within the phylum Haplosporidia as a sister taxon to a clade that includes Bonamia and …
The Importance Of Tidal And Lateral Asymmetries In Stratification To Residual Circulation In Partially Mixed Estuaries, Me Scully, Carl T. Friedrichs
The Importance Of Tidal And Lateral Asymmetries In Stratification To Residual Circulation In Partially Mixed Estuaries, Me Scully, Carl T. Friedrichs
VIMS Articles
Measurements collected in the York River estuary, Virginia, demonstrate the important impact that tidal and lateral asymmetries in turbulent mixing have on the tidally averaged residual circulation. A reduction in turbulent mixing during the ebb phase of the tide caused by tidal straining of the axial density gradient results in increased vertical velocity shear throughout the water column during the ebb tide. In the absence of significant lateral differences in turbulent mixing, the enhanced ebb-directed transport caused by tidal straining is balanced by a reduction in the net seaward-directed barotropic pressure gradient, resulting in laterally uniform two-layer residual flow. However, …
Temporal And Vertical Dynamics In Picoplankton Photoheterotrophic Production In The Subtropical North Pacific Ocean, Matthew Church, Hugh Ducklow, Rm Letelier, David Karl
Temporal And Vertical Dynamics In Picoplankton Photoheterotrophic Production In The Subtropical North Pacific Ocean, Matthew Church, Hugh Ducklow, Rm Letelier, David Karl
VIMS Articles
The marine ecosystem of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) extends from the Bellingshausen Sea to the northern tip of the peninsula and from the mostly glaciated coast across the continental shelf to the shelf break in the west. The glacially sculpted coastline along the peninsula is highly convoluted and characterized by deep embayments that are often interconnected by channels that facilitate transport of heat and nutrients into the shelf domain. The ecosystem is divided into three subregions, the continental slope, shelf and coastal regions, each with unique ocean dynamics, water mass and biological distributions. The WAP shelf lies within the …
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 In Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, Mm Montgomery-Fullerton, Ra Cooper, Km Kauffman, Jeffrey D. Shields, Re Raftlaff
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 In Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, Mm Montgomery-Fullerton, Ra Cooper, Km Kauffman, Jeffrey D. Shields, Re Raftlaff
VIMS Articles
Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) is a pathogenic virus that infects Caribbean spiny lobsters P. argus in the Florida Keys. We have developed a PCR detection assay for PaV1 for the purpose of studying the natural history of the virus and for monitoring the prevalence of infection. The detection of the virus in hemolymph and other tissues is based on the PCR amplification of a 499 bp product using specific primers designed from a cloned fragment of the PaV1 genome. The sensitivity limit for the assay was 1.2 fg of purified viral DNA. The PaV1 primers did not react with …
New Nemertean Worms (Carcinonemertidae) On Bythograeid Crabs (Decapoda : Brachyura) From Pacific Hydrothermal Vent Sites, Jeffrey D. Shields, M Segonzac
New Nemertean Worms (Carcinonemertidae) On Bythograeid Crabs (Decapoda : Brachyura) From Pacific Hydrothermal Vent Sites, Jeffrey D. Shields, M Segonzac
VIMS Articles
Several species of crabs from hydrothermal vent sites in the Pacific Ocean Were found to be infested by small, symbiotic nemertean worms. Worms occurred on both male and female crabs, and were located in mucous sheaths adhering to the axillae between the limbs of males and females, the setae of the pleopods of females, and the sterna of infested male and female crabs. Only juvenile and regressed adult worms were observed, primarily because no ovigerous hosts were examined. Similar species of worms mature by eating eggs, then regress or die after host eclosion. Based on the size of the worms …
Heat Shock Protein (Hsp70) Expression And Thermal Tolerance In Sublethally Heat-Shocked Eastern Oysters Crassostrea Virginica Infected With The Parasite Perkinsus Marinus, Vg Encomio, Fle Chu
Heat Shock Protein (Hsp70) Expression And Thermal Tolerance In Sublethally Heat-Shocked Eastern Oysters Crassostrea Virginica Infected With The Parasite Perkinsus Marinus, Vg Encomio, Fle Chu
VIMS Articles
To investigate whether sublethal heat shock protects Perkinsus marinus (Dermo)infected oysters Crassostrea virginica from lethal heat stress, and the effects of P. marinus infection on sublethal heat shock response, oysters were first experimentally challenged with P. marinus. Then, when infections in oysters progressed to moderate levels (parasite burden = 10(4) to 10(5) cells g(-1) wet tissue weight), oysters were treated with a sublethal heat shock at 40 C for 1 h (heat shock + Dermo challenge). Other treatment groups included heat-shocked, unchallenged (non-P. marinus challenged) oysters and non-heat-shocked, P. marinus-challenged and -unchallenged oysters. Thermal tolerance was compared among these treatments …
Top-Down And Bottom-Up Controls On Sediment Organic Matter Composition In An Experimental Seagrass Ecosystem, Ac Spivak, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Je Duffy, Jp Richardson
Top-Down And Bottom-Up Controls On Sediment Organic Matter Composition In An Experimental Seagrass Ecosystem, Ac Spivak, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Je Duffy, Jp Richardson
VIMS Articles
We tested the singular and interactive effects of resource availability (light) and community composition (food chain length and herbivore species richness) on eelgrass (Zostera marina) ecosystem properties and functioning with an experimental mesocosm system. Food chain length was manipulated through the presence or absence of blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) predators, whereas grazer species richness varied across three levels (zero, two, or four crustacean species). We found important and interacting effects of bottom-up and top-down forcings on sediment organic matter (SOM) composition. Light increased eelgrass and algal biomass and sediment organic carbon and nitrogen content. Increasing grazer diversity generally decreased algal …
Taxonomic Composition And Growth Rates Of Phytoplankton Assemblages At The Subtropical Convergence East Of New Zealand, L Delizo, Walker O. Smith Jr., J Hall
Taxonomic Composition And Growth Rates Of Phytoplankton Assemblages At The Subtropical Convergence East Of New Zealand, L Delizo, Walker O. Smith Jr., J Hall
VIMS Articles
Off the eastern coast of New Zealand, warm, saline, nutrient-poor Subtropical Waters (STW) are separated from. cool, fresher, relatively nutrient-rich Sub-Antarctic Waters (SAW) by the Subtropical Convergence (STC). The Chatham Rise, a submarine rise, restricts. the latitudinal movement of the STC as well as mixing of STW and SAW Due to this restriction, this sector of the STC is characterized by sharp gradients in temperature, macro-(nitrate, silicate and phosphate) and micro- (iron) nutrient concentrations. Shipboard incubations were conducted during austral spring 2000 and 2001 to test the hypothesis that these gradients affect the taxonomic composition and/or growth rates of phytoplankton …
Conservation In The First Internal Transcribed Spacer Region (Its1) In Hematodinium Species Infecting Crustacean Hosts Found In The Uk And Newfoundland, Hamish J. Small, Jeffrey D. Shields, Ja Moss, Kimberly S. Reece
Conservation In The First Internal Transcribed Spacer Region (Its1) In Hematodinium Species Infecting Crustacean Hosts Found In The Uk And Newfoundland, Hamish J. Small, Jeffrey D. Shields, Ja Moss, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Parasitic dinoflagellates in the genus Hematodinium infect a number of decapod crustaceans in waters off the UK, including the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus and the edible crab Cancerpagurus. This study investigated sequence variability in the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) region of the ribosomal RNA complex of Hematodinium spp. infecting N. norvegicus, C. pagurus, and Pagurus bernhardus from 4 locations in the UK and from the Hematodinium sp. infecting Chionoecetes opilio from the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Phylogenetic analysis of the Hema todinium ITS 1 sequences from N. norvegicus, C. pagurus, P. bernhardus and C. opilio suggest that …
Genetic Identity Of Yoy Bluefin Tuna From The Eastern And Western Atlantic Spawning Areas, J Carlsson, Jan Mcdowell, Jel Carlsson, John Graves
Genetic Identity Of Yoy Bluefin Tuna From The Eastern And Western Atlantic Spawning Areas, J Carlsson, Jan Mcdowell, Jel Carlsson, John Graves
VIMS Articles
We used 320 young-of-the-year (YOY) specimens of the highly migratory and overfished Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus 1758, to evaluate the hypothesis that Atlantic bluefin tuna comprises 2 stocks with spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Mediterranean Sea. Significant genetic differentiation at 8 nuclear microsatellite loci (F-ST = 0.0059, P = 0.0005) and at the mitochondrial control region (Phi(ST) = 0.0129, P = 0.0139) was detected among YOY Atlantic bluefin tuna captured on spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico (n = 40) versus the western (n = 255) and eastern (n = 25) basins …
Recent Additions Of Warmwater Fish Species To Chesapeake Bay, Aimee D. Halvorson
Recent Additions Of Warmwater Fish Species To Chesapeake Bay, Aimee D. Halvorson
VIMS Articles
During September 2004 and June 2005, the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Juvenile Fish and Blue Crab Trawl Survey collected specimens of three warmwater fish species uncommon to Chesapeake Bay. Captures of Trachinocephalus myop.s (Snakefish), Citharichthys Wfjc/'fj/^.v (Spotted WhifT'). and Mullus auratus {Red Goatfish)are the first substantiated records for these species from Chesapeake Bay. These captures also represent extensions in the documented geographic ranges of Snakefish and Spotted Whiff. Occurrences of multiple species heretofore rarely encountered in Chesapeake Bay warrant further attention in view of concerns regarding climate change and its effect on local marine faunas.
Correcting For Effective Area Fished In Fishery-Dependent Depletion Estimates Of Abundance And Capture Efficiency, Jf Walter, Jm Hoenig, T Gedamke
Correcting For Effective Area Fished In Fishery-Dependent Depletion Estimates Of Abundance And Capture Efficiency, Jf Walter, Jm Hoenig, T Gedamke
VIMS Articles
Depletion methods are widely used to estimate capture efficiency and abundance. However, they are highly dependent on the depletion area assumed. In open-ocean depletion studies, it is difficult to determine the true area of depletion. Satellite vessel monitoring systems (VMS) offer the potential to determine the area effectively fished. Observer-collected catch-and-effort data from the 1999 Atlantic sea scallop fishery in Georges Bank Closed Area II were used to obtain spatially-explicit DeLury depletion estimates of dredge efficiency and abundance, with corrections for fished area made using VMS data. Non-area-corrected efficiency estimates often had theoretically impossible values, indicating that the naively assumed …
A 28-Ka History Of Sea Surface Temperature, Primary Productivity And Planktonic Community Variability In The Western Arabian Sea, A Pourmand, F Marcantonio, Ts Bianchi, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Ej Waterson
A 28-Ka History Of Sea Surface Temperature, Primary Productivity And Planktonic Community Variability In The Western Arabian Sea, A Pourmand, F Marcantonio, Ts Bianchi, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Ej Waterson
VIMS Articles
Uranium series radionuclides and organic biomarkers, which represent major groups of planktonic organisms, were measured in western Arabian Sea sediments that span the past 28 ka. Variability in the past strength of the southwest and northeast monsoons and its influence on primary productivity, sea surface temperature (SST), and planktonic community structure were investigated. The average alkenone-derived SST for the last glacial period was similar to 3 degrees C lower than that measured for the Holocene. Prior to the deglacial, the lowest SSTs coincide with the highest measured fluxes of organic biomarkers, which represent primarily a planktonic suite of diatoms, coccolithophorids, …
Eutrophication-Induced Phosphorus Limitation In The Mississippi River Plume: Evidence From Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry, Jb Sylvan, A Quigg, S Tozzi, Jw Ammerman
Eutrophication-Induced Phosphorus Limitation In The Mississippi River Plume: Evidence From Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry, Jb Sylvan, A Quigg, S Tozzi, Jw Ammerman
VIMS Articles
We assessed nutrient limitation in the Mississippi River plurne and Louisiana continental shelf during the summer of 2002 (04-08 July). We measured nutrient concentrations, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations, and four fast repetition rate fluorescence (FRRF) parameters: the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry in photosystem II (PSII), F-v:F-m; the functional absorption cross section for PSII, sigma(psII); the time for photosynthetic electron transport on the acceptor side of PSII, tau(Qa); and the connectivity factor, p, in 24-h-long nutrient addition bioassays near the Mississippi River delta. Low phosphorus (P) concentrations, elevated inorganic nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios, high AP activities, and …
Pathogens In Crassostrea Ariakensis And Other Asian Oyster Species: Implications For Non-Native Oyster Introduction To Chesapeake Bay, Ja Moss, Em Burreson, Jf Cordes, Cf Dungan, Gd Brown, A Wang, X Wu, Kimberly S. Reece
Pathogens In Crassostrea Ariakensis And Other Asian Oyster Species: Implications For Non-Native Oyster Introduction To Chesapeake Bay, Ja Moss, Em Burreson, Jf Cordes, Cf Dungan, Gd Brown, A Wang, X Wu, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
With the drastic decline of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica populations in the Chesapeake Bay due to over-fishing, diseases and habitat destruction, there is interest in Maryland and Virginia in utilizing the non-native oyster species Crassostrea ariakensis for aquaculture, fishery resource enhancement, and ecological restoration. The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) recommends that non-native species be examined for ecological, genetic and disease relationships in the native range prior to a deliberate introduction to a new region. Therefore, a pathogen survey of C. ariakensis and other sympatric oyster species was conducted on samples collected in the PR China, …
Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Gene (Rubisco) Transcripts And Air-Sea Co2 Flux In The Mississippi River Plume, De John, Zha Wang, Xw Liu, Rh Byrne, Je Corredor, Da Bronk, Et Al.
Phytoplankton Carbon Fixation Gene (Rubisco) Transcripts And Air-Sea Co2 Flux In The Mississippi River Plume, De John, Zha Wang, Xw Liu, Rh Byrne, Je Corredor, Da Bronk, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
River plumes deliver large quantities of nutrients to oligotrophic oceans, often resulting in significant CO2 drawdown. To determine the relationship between expression of the major gene in carbon fixation (large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, RuBisCO) and CO2 dynamics, we evaluated rbcL mRNA abundance using novel quantitative PCR assays, phytoplankton cell analyses, photophysiological parameters, and pCO2 in and around the Mississippi River plume (MRP) in the Gulf of Mexico. Lower salinity (30-32) stations were dominated by rbcL mRNA concentrations from heterokonts, such as diatoms and pelagophytes, which were at least an order of magnitude greater than haptophytes, a-Synechococcus or high-light Prochlorococcus. …
Effects Of Starvation On Aggregate Colonization And Motility Of Marine Bacteria, Em Yam, Kw Tang
Effects Of Starvation On Aggregate Colonization And Motility Of Marine Bacteria, Em Yam, Kw Tang
VIMS Articles
Fluxes of particulate matter to depth and dynamics of dissolved organic matter in the water column are influenced by microbial processes associated with organic aggregates like marine snow. These microscale processes include the encounter between bacteria and aggregates, which has been previously modeled and tested with well-fed and actively growing bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the effects of starvation on initial bacterial colonization of aggregates by measuring colonization and detachment of 6 isolates in different physiological states (fed vs. starved) using model aggregates. Because aggregate encounter depends on motility, the motility behaviors of fed and starved bacteria of …
Susceptibility Of Salt Marshes To Nutrient Enrichment And Predator Removal, La Deegan, Jl Bowen, D Drake, Jw Fleeger, Carl T. Friedrichs, Et Al.
Susceptibility Of Salt Marshes To Nutrient Enrichment And Predator Removal, La Deegan, Jl Bowen, D Drake, Jw Fleeger, Carl T. Friedrichs, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Salt marsh ecosystems have been considered not susceptible to nitrogen overloading because early studies suggested that salt marshes adsorbed excess nutrients in plant growth. However, the possible effect of nutrient loading on species composition, and the combined effects of nutrients and altered species composition on structure and function, was largely ignored. Failure to understand interactions between nutrient loading and species composition may lead to severe underestimates of the impacts of stresses. We altered whole salt marsh ecosystems (similar to 60 000 m(2)/treatment) by addition of nutrients in flooding waters and by reduction of a key predatory fish, the mummichog. We …
Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary: Case Study Of A Highly Eutrophic Coastal Bay System, Mj Kennish, Sb Bricker, Wc Dennison, Pm Glibert, Rj Livingston, Ken Moore, Et Al.
Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary: Case Study Of A Highly Eutrophic Coastal Bay System, Mj Kennish, Sb Bricker, Wc Dennison, Pm Glibert, Rj Livingston, Ken Moore, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary is classified here as a highly eutrophic estuary based on application of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Estuarine Eutrophication Assessment model. Because it is shallow, poorly flushed, and bordered by highly developed watershed areas, the estuary is particularly susceptible to the effects of nutrient loading. Most of this load (similar to 50%) is from surface water inflow, but substantial fractions also originate from atmospheric deposition (similar to 39%), and direct groundwater discharges (similar to 11%). No point source inputs of nutrients exist in the Barnegat Bay watershed. Since 1980, all treated wastewater …
Evolution Of Mycobacterium Ulcerans And Other Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria From A Common Mycobacterium Marinum Progenitor, Mj Yip, Jl Porter, Jam Fyfe, Cj Lavender, F Portaels, Mw Rhodes, Hi Kator, Et Al.
Evolution Of Mycobacterium Ulcerans And Other Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria From A Common Mycobacterium Marinum Progenitor, Mj Yip, Jl Porter, Jam Fyfe, Cj Lavender, F Portaels, Mw Rhodes, Hi Kator, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
It had been assumed that production of the cytotoxic polyketide mycolactone was strictly associated with Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer. However, a recent study has uncovered a broader distribution of mycolactone-producing mycobacteria (MPM) that includes mycobacteria cultured from diseased fish and frogs in the United States and from diseased fish in the Red and Mediterranean Seas. All of these mycobacteria contain versions of the M. ulcerans pMUM plasmid, produce mycolactones, and show a high degree of genetic relatedness to both M. ulcerans and Mycobacterium marinum. Here, we show by multiple genetic methods, including multilocus sequence analysis and …
Activity In The Pallial Nerve Of Knobbed (Busycon Carica) And Channeled (Busycotypus Canaliculatum) Whelks Recorded During Exposure Of The Osphradiurn To Odorant Solutions, Christopher Magel, Kristin Wakefield, Nancy Targett, Richard Brill
Activity In The Pallial Nerve Of Knobbed (Busycon Carica) And Channeled (Busycotypus Canaliculatum) Whelks Recorded During Exposure Of The Osphradiurn To Odorant Solutions, Christopher Magel, Kristin Wakefield, Nancy Targett, Richard Brill
VIMS Articles
Adult horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are the preferred bait in the U.S. east coast whelk pot fishery, but their harvest is being restricted because of severe population declines in the Chesapeake and Delaware bays. To identify other baits, the activity in the pallial nerve of whelks was determined during exposure of the osphradium to odorant solutions prepared from horseshoe crab eggs, horseshoe crab hemolymph, and hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) tissue. All three elicited significant responses; bait based on them may provide an alternative to the use of adult horseshoe crabs, although extensive behavioral testing remains to be done. Channeled whelk …
Epidemiological Determinants In Outbreaks Of Bitter Crab Disease (Hematodinium Sp.) In Snow Crabs Chionoecetes Opilio From Conception Bay, Newfoundland, Canada, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dm Taylor, Pg O'Keefe, E Colbourne, E Hynick
Epidemiological Determinants In Outbreaks Of Bitter Crab Disease (Hematodinium Sp.) In Snow Crabs Chionoecetes Opilio From Conception Bay, Newfoundland, Canada, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dm Taylor, Pg O'Keefe, E Colbourne, E Hynick
VIMS Articles
Bitter crab disease (BCD) is caused by Hematodinium sp., an endoparasitic dinoflagellate. It lives within the hemocoeloms of snow crabs Chionoecetes opilio and Tanner crabs C. bairdi, making them unmarketable due to their bitter flavor. Two recent outbreaks of BCD have occurred in Conception Bay, Newfoundland, one from 1999 to 2000 and another from 2003 to 2005. In the earlier outbreak, prevalence was highest in juvenile and primiparous females and juvenile males. It was thought to be highest in these hosts because they molt more frequently than larger males and the disease is transmitted to newly molted crabs. In the …
Linking Water Quality To Living Resources In A Mid-Atlantic Lagoon System, Usa, Ce Wazniak, Mr Hall, Tjb Carruthers, B Sturgis, Wc Dennison, Rj Orth
Linking Water Quality To Living Resources In A Mid-Atlantic Lagoon System, Usa, Ce Wazniak, Mr Hall, Tjb Carruthers, B Sturgis, Wc Dennison, Rj Orth
VIMS Articles
The mid-Atlantic coastal bays are shallow coastal lagoons, separated from the Atlantic Ocean by barrier sand islands with oceanic exchanges restricted to narrow inlets. The relatively poor flushing of these lagoon systems makes them susceptible to eutrophication resulting from anthropogenic nutrient loadings. An intensive water quality and seagrass monitoring program was initiated to track ecological changes in the Maryland and Virginia coastal bays. The purpose of this study was to analyze existing monitoring data to determine status and trends in eutrophication and to determine any associations between water quality and living resources. Analysis of monitoring program data revealed several trends: …
Experimental Cross-Infections By Perkinsus Marinus And P. Chesapeaki In Three Sympatric Species Of Chesapeake Bay Oysters And Clams, Cf Dungan, Kimberly S. Reece, Rm Hamilton, Na Stokes, Em Burreson
Experimental Cross-Infections By Perkinsus Marinus And P. Chesapeaki In Three Sympatric Species Of Chesapeake Bay Oysters And Clams, Cf Dungan, Kimberly S. Reece, Rm Hamilton, Na Stokes, Em Burreson
VIMS Articles
In controlled laboratory transmission experiments, uniform doses of axenic in vitro isolate cultures of Perkinsus marinus from a Crassostrea virginica oyster, and of independent P. chesapeaki isolates from Chesapeake Bay Mya arenaria and Macoma balthica clams, were used to reciprocally challenge Perkinsus sp.-free C. virginica, M arenaria, and M balthica experimental hosts. Following mantle cavity inoculations, all 3 experimental hosts acquired high incidences (30 to 100 %) of infections by each of the 3 Perkinsus sp. isolates, based on PCR assays of DNAs from experimental host tissues that were collected through 60 d post-inoculation. Lesions containing proliferating pathogen cells were …