Animal Sciences Commons^™

Sericea Lespedeza Control Strategies Differ In Their Impacts On Overall Range Health And Native Plant Species Composition, G. A. Gatson, W. H. Fick, W. W. Hsu, K C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) control strategies of late summer prescribed burning and fall her­bicide application on soil cover, native plant populations, and biological diversity.

Study Description:We established 16 individual units within an 80-acre native tallgrass pasture. Each unit was assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: control, spray only, burn only, or burn-plus-spray. Burn only and burn-plus-spray units were burned in early September. Spray only and burn-plus-spray units were sprayed with metsulfuron methyl (Escort XP, DuPont, Wilmington, DE) in late September. The change in …

Effects Of Cordyceps Mushroom Powder On Nursery Pig Performance, J. Richert, J. Y. Palencia, M. T. Thayer, C. Chastain, B. Richert, J. L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred sixty crossbred pigs (Duroc × (York × Landrace)) weaned at 18.8 d of age and weighing an average of 13.1 lb were used in a 35-day growth trial to evaluateCordycepsmushroom powder as potential alternative to carbadox in nursery pig diets. Pigs were divided by weight, sex, litter, and assigned to body weight (BW) blocks. Within BW blocks, sex ratios were constant in each pen. Each pen within a BW block was randomly assigned a dietary treatment. Growth performance was analyzed using BW, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion as feed-to-gain …

Effect Of Dietary Fiber Source On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Economic Return Of Finishing Pigs, K. M. Dunmire, L. L. Thomas, M. B. Braun, C. N. Truelock, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband, J. C. Woodworth, S. S. Dritz, C. B. Paulk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 287 pigs (DNA 600 × 241; initially 111.8 lb) were used in an 86-d experiment to determine the effect of dietary fiber source on finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. There were 12 pens per treatment with 7 or 8 pigs per pen. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments consisting of a control (8.7% neutral detergent fiber; NDF), 20% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 13.6% NDF), or 14.5% sugar beet pulp (SBP; 13.6% NDF). Experimental diets were fed from d 0 to 86 in 3 phases; d 0 to 18, d …

Effects Of Dietary Corn Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles Withdrawal On Finishing Pig Performance And Carcass Characteristics, A. B. Lerner, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, C. Hastad, K. Coble, E. Arkfeld, H. C. Cartagena, C. Vahl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of removing corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) at increasing intervals before harvest on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics. For Exp. 1, 985 finishing pigs [initially 219 ± 5.5 lb body weight (BW)] were used in a 28-d growth study. There were 12 pens per treatment with 19 to 21 pigs per pen. There were four treatments decreasing in duration of withdrawal of DDGS from diets before final marketing: 28, 21, 14, or 0 d withdrawal. Regardless of treatment, pens of pigs were topped according to a typical summer marketing …

Trends In Source And Age Verification For Beef Calves Sold Via Summer Video Auction From 2010 Through 2017, E. D. Mccabe, M. E. King, K. E. Fike, K. L. Hill, G. M. Rogers, K. G. Odde

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of source and age verification status on the sale price of beef calf lots sold via summer video auctions from 2010 through 2017 while adjusting for all other factors that significantly influenced sale price.

Study Description:Information describing factors about lots sold through a livestock video auction service (Superior Livestock Auction, Fort Worth, TX) was obtained from the auction service in an electronic format. These data were collected for 36,570 lots of beef calves that were sold via 61 summer sales from 2010 through 2017. A model …

Evaluation Of Supplemental Energy Source For Grazing Stocker Cattle, L. W. Lomas, J. K. Farney, J. L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Supplementation of grazing cattle is most economically feasible when cattle prices are high relative to the price of grain. Energy supplementation of grazing ruminants may reduce forage intake and digestibility, but energy supplementation at low levels (less than 0.4% bodyweight) has been shown to have little effect on forage intake when crude protein was not limiting. Several studies have evaluated the effect of supplementation on stocker cattle gains and forage utilization during the grazing phase, but few have evaluated the effects of supplementation during the grazing phase on subsequent finishing performance and carcass traits. This research seeks to obtain a …

Searc Agricultural Research 2018, L. W. Lomas

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Agricultural Research 2018, Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, April 2018

Including Legumes In Bermudagrass Pastures, J. L. Moyer, L. W. Lomas

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bermudagrass is a productive forage species when intensively managed. However, it has periods of dormancy and requires proper management to maintain forage quality. Legumes in the bermudagrass sward could improve forage quality and reduce fertilizer usage; however, legumes are difficult to establish and maintain with the competitive grass. Clovers can maintain survival once established in bermudagrass sod and may be productive enough to substitute for some N fertilization. This study was designed to compare dry cow performance on a bermudagrass pasture system that included ladino and crimson clovers (Legume) vs. bermudagrass alone (Nitrogen).

Evaluation Of Pellet Binders On Pellet Durability Index Of A High-Fat Swine Diet, H. K. Wecker, C. E. Evans, A. Yoder, M. Saensukjaroenphon, C. R. Stark, K. A. Barry, C. B. Paulk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of different pellet binders on pellet quality of a grower swine diet by measuring pellet durability index (PDI). Dietary treatments consisted of a corn-soybean meal-based control diet with 20% dried distillers grains with solubles and 4% choice white grease, the control diet with 0.6% lignosulfonate (AMERI-BOND 2X; LignoTech USA Inc.; Rothschild, WI), or the control diet with increasing levels of a pasta by-product (2.5, 5.0, or 10.0%; International Ingredients, St. Louis, MO). Pellet binders were added to the control diet in the place of corn to create dietary treatments. Each …

2018 Swine Day Foreword, Etc., R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

It is with great pleasure that we present the 2018 Swine Industry Day Report of Progress. This report contains updates and summaries of applied and basic research conducted at Kansas State University during the past year. We hope that the information will be of benefit as we attempt to meet the needs of the Kansas swine industry.

Physiologic Responses To Feeding Rumen-Protected Glucose To Lactating Dairy Cows, J. A. Sauls-Hiesterman, S. Banuelos, B. Atanasov, B. Bradford, J. S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Lactating Holstein cows were enrolled in a study beginning before first insemina­tion. Cows were supplemented with a rumen-protected glucose (RPG) product to test the hypothesis that circulating progesterone concentrations could be increased by increasing blood glucose, which causes an increase in insulin, subsequently decreasing progesterone clearance by liver enzymes. Supplementation occurred at 0, 2.2, 4.4, or 8.8 lb per head per day to test a dose response. Treatment began 3 days before ovula­tion and continued until day 12 of the estrous cycle. Rumen-protected glucose did not impact serum concentration of glucose before or after feeding, but the change in insulin …

Impact Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fermentation Product On Feed Intake Parameters, Lactation Performance, And Metabolism Of Transition Dairy Cattle, K. Olagaray, S. E. Sivinski, B. A. Saylor, L. K. Mamedova, J. A. Sauls, I. Yoon, B. J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

ASaccharomyces cerevisiaefermentation product (NutriTek; Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA) was fed from 29 ± 5 days before calving and through 42 days in milk (DIM) to evaluate the effects on feed intake parameters, milk production, and metabolism. Treatments were control (n= 30) or 18 g/d NutriTek (NT,n= 34) provided as total mixed rations. Cows were individually fed 3×/day prepartum and 2×/day postpartum. Cows were milked 2×/day with samples taken 2×/week for composition analysis. Body weight (BW) was measured at enrollment (day -29 ± 5), day 0, and day 42 relative to calving, and body …

2018 Dairy Research Foreword, Etc., B. J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Kansas State University is pleased to present the 2018 Dairy Research Report of Progress and proud to serve the growing Kansas dairy industry.

Effects Of Increasing Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine During Gestation On Growth And Reproductive Performance Of Gilts And Sows Under Commercial Conditions, L. L. Thomas, L. K. Herd, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. Derouchey, M A. Gonçalves, D. B. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted on a commercial sow farm to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) intake in gestation on sow performance and piglet birth weight. A total of 936 females (498 gilts, 438 sows; Camborough, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were group-housed (approximately 275 females per pen) and individually fed with electronic sow feeders (ESF). Scales were located in the alleyway after the feeding stations returning into the pen. Females were moved from the breeding stall to pens on d 4 of gestation and were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments on d 5. …

Effects Of Biowish Multibio 3p On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Grow-Finish Pigs, M. B. Menegat, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study was conducted to determine the effects of a multi-species direct-fed microbial product based on lactic acid bacteria andBacillus subtilison growth performance and carcass characteristics of grow-finish pigs. A total of 1,188 pigs (PIC 359 × 1050; initially 57 lb BW) were used in a 121-d growth trial with 27 pigs per pen and 22 pens per treatment. Pigs were allotted to treatments based on initial body weight (BW) in a randomized complete block design. The two experimental diets were Control and Biowish (BIOWISH MultiBio 3P, BIOWISH Technologies Inc., Cincinnati, OH). The diets were based on corn, …

Effect Of Medium Chain Fatty Acid Supplementation On Nursery Pig Fecal Microbial Populations, J. T. Gebhardt, M. C. Niederwerder, S. C. Fernando, W. Abbas, T. E. Burkey, K. A. Thomson, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 360 pigs [DNA (Columbus, NE) 400 × 200; initially = 14.8 ± 0.15 lb] were used to evaluate the effects of dietary medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) addition on fecal microbial populations. Upon arrival at the nursery, pigs were randomized to pens (5 pigs per pen) and allowed a 6-d acclimation period, at which point pens of pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomized to dietary treatment (9 pens per treatment). Medium chain fatty acids (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) included hexanoic (C6), octanoic (C8), and decanoic (C10), and were guaranteed ≥ 98% purity. Treatment …

Using Modified Intensive Early Stocking For Grazing Replacement Heifers, K. R. Harmoney, J. R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Even though Kansas native rangelands often have steep slopes or shallow soils not conducive to many other uses other than livestock grazing, native rangeland and peren­nial grassland acres in Kansas have been declining. Cropland acreage over this same time frame has increased, and so has rangeland fragmentation into small ranchettes and urbanization. Producers may be looking to increase production efficiency on a shrink­ing forage land base. The use of intensive early stocking (IES) is one the most efficient stocking strategies to produce beef on rangeland acres. The IES strategy has been widely used in eastern Kansas and is capable of …

Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Roundup

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Roundup is the major beef cattle education and outreach event sponsored by the Agricultural Research Center–Hays. The 2018 program is the 104th staging of Roundup. The purpose is to communicate timely, applicable research information to producers and extension personnel.

The research program of the Agricultural Research Center–Hays is dedicated to serving the people of Kansas by developing new knowledge and technology to stabilize and sustain long-term production of food and fiber in a manner consistent with conservation of natural resources, protection of the environment, and assurance of food safety. Primary emphasis is on production efficiency through optimization of inputs in …

Consumer Juiciness Acceptability Supports The Beef Marbling Insurance Theory, L. N. Drey, K. R. Vierck, L. L. Prill, J. M. Gonzalez, T. A. Houser, E. A. Boyle, J. L. Vipham, T. G. O'Quinn

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine whether increased marbling reduces the negative impact that increased degree of doneness has on consumer palatability scores.

Study Description:Beef strip loins were collected to represent five quality treatments [Prime, Top choice, Low choice, Select, and Select enhanced; n = 12 pairs/quality grade] and fabricated to 1-in steaks. Steaks were cooked to one of six degrees of doneness: very-rare (130°F), rare (140°F), medium-rare (145°F), medium (160°F), well-done (170°F), or very well-done (180°F). Consumers (n = 360) rated each steak for juiciness, tenderness, flavor, and overall liking on 100

The Bottom Line: …

Standardized Total Tract Digestible Phosphorus Requirement Of 13- To 28-Lb Pigs Fed Diets With Or Without Phytase, F. Wu, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,080 nursery pigs (PIC 280 ×1050, initially 13.0 ± 2.38 lb BW) were housed in 3 commercial research rooms and used in a 46-d study to determine the effects of increasing standardized total tract digestible (STTD) phosphorus (P) concentrations in diets with and without phytase on growth performance and percentage bone ash. Pens of pigs (10 pigs per pen, 9 pens per treatment) were balanced for equal pen weights and allotted randomly to 1 of 12 treatments. Dietary treatments were arranged in 2 sets of dose titration with 6 levels of STTD P with and without 2,000 …

Acknowledgments

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Listed below are individuals, organizations, and firms that have contributed to the beef research program through financial support, product donations, or services. We appreciate your help!

Effects Of Frequency Of Protein Supplementation On Performance By Beef Calves Grazing Dormant Native Range, G. W. Preedy, J. R. Jaeger, J. W. Waggoner, K C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Stocker calves that graze forages before entering a feedlot account for more than 75% of the beef calves raised in the United States each year. A large proportion of those will be calves born in the spring and weaned in the fall. Modest growth rates are expected when the quality of fall and winter forages is poor. Growing calves in confinement systems during fall and winter typically allows for greater average daily gain (ADG) than graz­ing low-quality forages; however, modest overall costs associated with grazing perennial, dormant forages may be competitive during times when feed prices are relatively high.

Providing …

Standardized Total Tract Digestible Phosphorus Requirement Of 25- To 50-Lb Pigs Fed Diets Containing Phytase, C. M. Vier, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband, J. M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 2,140 barrows and gilts (PIC 337 × Camborough) with an initial pen average body weight (BW) of 24.5 ± 0.53 lb were used in a 21 d growth trial to determine the standardized total tract digestible phosphorus (STTD P) requirement of nursery pigs from 25 to 50 lb fed diets containing 1,000 phytase units (FYT). Pigs were weaned at approximately 19 d of age and allotted to pens according to gender and sow farm of origin. There were 12 replicate pens per treatment and 24 to 27 pigs per pen. Pens of pigs were randomly allotted to …

Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs In The Immediate Post-Weaning Period According To Different Vaccination Strategies, M. B. Menegat, L. L. Thomas, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of nursery pigs immediately after weaning based on different vaccination strategies. A total of 300 weaned pigs (DNA 241 × 600, DNA Genetics, Columbus, NE) with an initial body weight (BW) of 14.0 lb and approximately 21 d of age were used in this trial. Pigs were allotted to pens in a completely randomized design with 5 pigs per pen and a total of 60 pens. All pigs received one dose of a commercial combination vaccine for Porcine Circovirus Type 2 andMycoplasma hyopneumoniaeat approximately d 7 of …

Naive Yearling Steers Consume Little Sericea Lespedeza In The Kansas Flint Hills, C. A. Sowers, J. D. Wolf, W. H. Fick, K C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective of this study was to characterize diets selected by steers grazing sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata)-infested native tallgrass pastures.

Study Description:The experiment was conducted on eight native tallgrass pastures located in Woodson County, KS, at the Kansas State University Bessner Range Research Unit during the 2015 and 2016 growing season. Pastures were burned annually in April and stocked with yearling steers (n = 281/year; initial body weight = 582 ± 75 lb) at a relatively high stocking rate (2.7 acres/steer) from April 15 to July 15. Basal frequency of sericea lespedeza was 2.9 …

Effects Of Feeding Increasing Amounts Of Finishing Diet Blended With Nursery Diets On Growth Performance And Economics Of Nursery Pigs, F. Wu, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, C. W. Hastad, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,260 pigs [PIC TR4 × (Fast LW × PIC L02); initial body weight (BW) 23.3 lb] were housed in two commercial research rooms and used in a 28-d study to determine the effects of blending increasing amounts of finishing feed into phase 3 nursery diets on pig growth performance. At weaning, pigs were placed into pens with 21 pigs per pen and 30 pens per room. Pigs were fed commercial nursery diets in a 5-phase feeding program with phases 1 and 2 fed before the start of the experiment. At the beginning of phase 3 (day 0), …

Replacing Soybean Meal With Soy Protein Concentrate In Diets Containing 12% Crude Protein Does Not Maintain Performance In Finishing Pigs From 240 To 280 Lb, J. A. Soto, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 252 pigs (DNA 600 × 241, initially 238.8 lb) were used in a 21-d trial to determine the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets containing 12% crude protein (CP) on growth performance of finishing pigs from 240 to 280 lb. Pens of 7 or 8 pigs were allotted by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replications per treatment. Treatments consisted of 3 levels of SBM (10.6, 5.3, and 0%) with 12% CP and a negative control treatment with 4.0% SBM and 10% …

Can A “Zero Land Use” Diet Maintain Milk Production Of Dairy Cows?, C. S. Takiya, C. M. Ylioja, A. Bennett, M. Davidson, B. J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dairy cows can convert feeds unsuitable and unpalatable for humans into milk and play a key role in food security. Feed efficiency is usually calculated as the ratio between nutrients secreted in milk and nutrient intake, but this metric does not address concerns about human/livestock feed competition. This study aimed to evaluate whether cows fed a “zero land use” diet (diet that does not affect land used for production of human food), with or without rumen-protected amino acids, can maintain milk compared to a conventional lactation diet. Twelve second-lactation dairy cows were used in a 3×3 Latin square design experiment …

Total Tract Dry Matter Digestibility And Proportions Of Ruminal Propionate Are Increased In High-Energy Limit-Fed Diets Based Primarily On Wet Corn Gluten Feed, T. J. Spore, S. P. Montgomery, E. C. Titgemeyer, G. A. Hanzlicek, Christopher Vahl, T. G. Nagaraja, K. T. Cavalli, W. R. Hollenbeck, R. N. Wahl, Dale Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objectives:Study digestion and characteristics of digestion of high-energy limit-fed diets based primarily on wet corn gluten feed.

Study Description:Six ruminally-cannulated Jersey crossbred steers were used to measure total tract diet digestibility, passage rate, volatile fatty acid, and ammonia production, and ruminal pH when limit-feeding high-energy diets based primarily on wet corn gluten feed.

The Bottom Line:High-energy limit-fed diets based primarily on wet corn gluten feed are 15% more digestible and produce a higher concentration of energy yielding volatile fatty acid compared to low-energy full-fed diets without apparent disruptions in ruminal fermentation or health.

Increased Dietary Energy In Limit-Fed Diets Does Not Affect Immune Function, Inflammation, Or Stress, But Health Status Does, T. J. Spore, S. P. Montgomery, E. C. Titgemeyer, G. A. Hanzlicek, Christopher Vahl, T. G. Nagaraja, W. R. Hollenbeck, R. N. Wahl, Dale Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objectives:Measure effects of limit-feeding high-energy diets on the immune system, stress, and inflammation as well as differences in these parameters between healthy and sick animals under the dietary conditions.

Study Description:Heifers from 4 dietary treatments were used to study the effects of limit-feeding and increased dietary energy on immune function, inflammation (indicated by elevated levels of haptoglobin), stress, and differences in these parameters between healthy and morbid animals consuming the different diets.

The Bottom Line:Limit-feeding high-energy diets does not negatively affect immune function, cause stress, or promote inflammation, and morbid animals have significantly higher haptoglobin levels.