Animal Sciences Commons^™

Stock - Recruitment Relationship Of Spot (Leiostomus Xanthurus) From The Chesapeake Bay, Deborah A. Bodolus

Reports

No abstract provided.

Marine Resource Bulletin Vol. 23, No. 3 & 4, Virginia Sea Grant, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Marine Resource Bulletin

Contents

The Great Migration

Sharks

Rays

A Solution to a Costly Problem: A Ray Fishery

1990 VIMS Trawl Survey

Juvenile Stock Assessment

Anadromy, CatadromyVariations on a Curious Theme

Research in the Name of Caretta caretta

Endangered: Sea Turtles

Thunnus thynnus-In Trouble

Hundreds of Miles, Millions of Dollars

Virginia Offshore Waters, Productive Feeding Grounds

Fish House Kitchen

Lobster Regulations, Not Only for Lobstermen

Preliminary Assessment Of The Economic Impacts Of Various Catch And Effort Restrictions On The Uniteµ States Sea Scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus, Fishery, James E. Kirkley, William D. Dupaul

Reports

No abstract provided.

Genetic Variation In The Timing Of Gonadal Maturation And Spawning Of The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin), Bruce J. Barber, Susan E. Ford, Robert N. Wargo

VIMS Articles

The gonadal cycles of four groups of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), including native stocks collected that year and inbred strains (reared in Delaware Bay for 5-6 generations) from both Long Island Sound and Delaware Bay, were compared in Delaware Bay in 1987. Inbred strains resembled their respective native stocks; both Long Island groups initiated gonadal development and spawning about one month earlier and spawned over a shorter duration than both Delaware Bay groups. Analysis of covariance revealed that the effect of time on gonadal development was statistically different (P I 0.05) for all between-location group comparisons, but not for …

Mycobacterium Marinum, The "Leisure-Time Pathogen", Howard Kator, Martha Rhodes

Reports

No abstract provided.

Moisture / Protein Levels In Sea Scallops, Virginia Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Scallops Guidelines To Improve Quality: The Use Of Insulated Tates At Sea, Virginia Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Relative Abundance Of Recreationally Important Finfish In The Virginia Portion Of Chesapeake Bay: Annual Progress Report 1990-1991, James A. Colvocoresses, Patrick J. Geer

Reports

A recent analysis of the Virginia portion of the National Marine Fisheries Service Marine Recreational Fisheries Statistics Survey (VMRC 1985) showed that Virginia marine recreational catches were dominated by six species (spot, croaker, weakfish, black sea bass, summer flounder, and bluefish) which constituted over 85% of the total estimated catch by both numbers caught and weight landed. All of these species except bluefish heavily utilize the lower Chesapeake Bay as a nursery area for early juveniles which are highly vulnerable to bottom trawls.

A Survey For Oysters And Shell In The Vicinity Of The Proposed Bridge Construction At The Site Of The Hampton Boulevard Bridge (Rte. 337) Over The Lafayette River In Norfolk, Va., Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Roger L. Mann

Reports

At the request of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducted a survey of certain parcels of oyster grounds in the Lafayette River in the immediate vicinity of a proposed construction site for a new bridge across the river on Hampton Blvd., east of the present bridge, in Norfolk, Va.

Soft Shell Clam Mya Arenaria, Patrick K. Baker, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Large populations of soft shell clams persist only in relatively shallow, sandy, mesohaline portions of the Chesapeake Bay. These areas are mostly in Maryland, but also occur in the Rappahannock River, Virginia. In some other portions of the Bay, especially polyhaline portions, low populations of soft shell clams persist subtidally. Restricted populations persist intertidally.

Soft shell clams grow rapidly in the Chesapeake Bay, reaching commercial size in two years or less. They reproduce twice per year, in spring and fall, but probably only fall spawnings are important in maintaining population levels. Major recruitment events do not occur in most years, …

Hard Clam Mercenaria Mercenaria, G. Curtis Roegner, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The hard clam is found along the eastern coast of North America from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Texas. In Chesapeake Bay, the hard clam is restricted to salinities above approximately 12 ppt. An extensive survey of hard clam resources is overdue.

Statements concerning long term trends in populations are not feasible. Hard clams ·grow to a maximum shell length of about 120 mm. There are few documented cases of diseases in wild hard clam populations. Parasitic infestations are also slight. The life cycle of the hard clam includes a pelagic larval phase and a relatively sedentary benthic juvenile …

Evaluation Of Spatial/Temporal Sources Of Variation In Nekton Catch And The Efficacy Of Stratified Sampling In The Chesapeake Bay : Final Report For Cbsac V To Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee And The National Marine Fisheries Service, Noaa, Mark E. Chittenden

Reports

Collections were made January through December 1988 using a 30 1 semiballoon trawl at 48 stations randomly selected each month, using equal allocation, from twelve geographical strata superimposed on a sampling frame of 16,730 possible stations uniformly distributed throughout water~ 12 feet deep in the Virginia mainstem Chesapeake Bay. The twelve geographical strata superimposed on the spatial sampling frame divided it into longitudinally-equal Upper, Middle and Lower Regions, each subdivided into four cross-bay regions, an Eastern Shore Littoral (12-30'), a Western Shore Littoral (12-30'), a Central Plain (30- 42'), and Deeps(> 42 1 ) .

Spawning And Recruitment Of Black Drum, Pogonias Cromis, In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, John E. Olney, Louis B. Daniel

Reports

No abstract provided.

Marine Resource Bulletin Vol. 23, No. 1 & 2, Virginia Sea Grant, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Marine Resource Bulletin

Contents

Introduction

Clam Culture? Cultured Fish??

Outrunning Oyster Pathogens

Steamed Bay Scallops

Developing a Disease-Resistant Oyster

Seafood Consumption in the Year 2000

Callinectes sapidus, beautiful swimmer

Growing Fish Anywhere

On the Cutting Edge

Assessing the Hybrid Striped Bass Market

Reducing Off-flavors in Cultured Fish

For Commercial and Recreational Fishermen

Fish House Kitchen

Juvenile Finfish And Blue Crab Stock Assessment Program Bottom Trawl Survey Annual Data Summary Report Series Volume 1990, Christopher F. Bonzek, Patrick J. Geer, James A. Colvocoresses, Robert E. Harris Jr.

Reports

This report summarizes data collected by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) monthly trawl survey cruises for January through December, 1990. The trawl survey is a long term, broad scope monitoring program. Its primary goal is to produce annual indices of juvenile (young-of-year) abundance of commercially, recreationally and ecologically important marine and estuarine finfish and crustaceans. The objective is to provide indices of sufficient accuracy and precision for· both immediate resource !fianagement needs and long-term understanding of environmental influences on fishery resources. A second important product of this effort is the documentation and monitoring of habitat utilization by juveniles …

Tag And Release Programs Available To Fishermen, Jon Lucy

Reports

No abstract provided.

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1990 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Oyster Spatfall In Virginia Waters: 1990 Annual Summary, Bruce J. Barber

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts surveys ofoyster spatfall (or "setting") in Virginia waters throughout the summer reproductive period. This survey provides an estimate of the potential of a particular area for receiving a "strike" or set of oysters on the bottom and helps define the timing of setting events. Information obtained from this effort is valuable to the Virginia Marine Resources Commission (VMRC) for its shell repletion program, and to private oyster growers, both of which are interested in maximizing the timing of shell planting. In addition, by maintaining a long-term data base, trends in spatfall throughout …

Increasing Angler Participation In Marine Catch/Tag-And-Release Fishing Programs: Workshop Summary, Program Outlines, And Angler Survey Results, Jon Lucy, Et Al

Reports

The three-part objective of this Sea Grant/National Marine Fisheries Service project was: (1) to examine anglers' experiences with tag-and release fishing programs; (2) to determine significant impediments, if any, to expanded participation in such programs as well as catch-and release fishing in general; and (3) to address anglers' concerns and questions about catch/tag-and-release fishing by developing educational material to promote greater participation in these activities and minimize fish mortalities due to improper tagging or release techniques.

Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks, Eugene Burreson

VIMS Articles

A selective breeding program was implemented to attempt to decrease the disease susceptibility of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, to Perkinsus marinus. Six oyster strains were spawned and the progeny exposed to Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and P. marinus in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Three strains, a Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a Delaware Bay native strain, and a Mobjack Bay native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) were exposed for three years (1988-90); three other strains, a separate Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a lower James River native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) and a susceptible control strain, were exposed for two years (1989-90). …

Temporal Variations In Spawning Behavior Of Sea Scallops, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791), In The Mid-Atlantic Resource Area, James E. Kirkley, William D. Dupaul

VIMS Articles

Interannual variation in spawning of Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin) may be important to management agencies concerned with maximizing yield-per-recruit via restrictions on meat counts or temporal restrictions on catch and effort. In this study, temporal patterns in the spawning behavior of sea scallops in the Mid-Atlantic resource area for the period April 1987-April 1991 are analyzed using conventional time-series methods. Biannual spawning was found to be characteristic of sea scallops in the Mid-Atlantic resource area but was also found to be erratic in the timing, duration, and magnitude. The spring spawning event was the more predictable and dominant spawning event. The …

The Decline Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery In Chesapeake Bay Considerations For Introduction Of A Non-Endemic Species, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1793), Roger L. Mann, Eugene M. Burreson, Patrick K. Baker

VIMS Articles

The Chesapeake Bay oyster fishery for Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) is in a state of continuing decline. Two diseases, Haplosporidium nelsoni and Perkinsus marinus have effectively eliminated oysters from many sections of the Bay. Despite over 30 years of disease activity the native oysters have developed neither tolerance nor absolute resistance to these diseases, and do not exhibit any recovery in disease endemic areas in Virginia. Repletion programs have completely failed to recover to permanent production areas lost to disease. Present fishery management activities are limited to a controlled retreat away from the disease in an arena where disease distribution is …

Sterile Triploid Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) Grow Faster Than Diploids But Are Equally Susceptible To Perkinsus Marinus, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Articles

Growth, tolerance of Perkinsus marinus, and gametogenesis of diploid and triploid Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) were compared in the York River, Virginia between June 1989 and November 1990. Triploid oysters had significantly greater mean shell height (P ,a;; 0.02) and whole weight (P ,a;; 0.005) than diploid oysters throughout the study period. In November 1990, triploids had significantly greater mean dry tissue weight (P ,a;; 0.006) than diploids. On average, triploid oysters reached commercial size (63.5 mm) 5 months before diploid oysters. Diploid and triploid groups became similarly infected with P. marinus during summer 1990. Prevalences reached 96% …

Reproduction, Age And Growth, And Movements Of The Gulf Butterfish Peprilus-Burti, Michael D. Murphy, Mark E. Chittenden

VIMS Articles

Collections were made for gulf butterfish Peprilus burti along a cross-shelf transect at depths of 5-100 m in the Gulf of Mexico off Texas from October 1977 to July 1980. Butterfish mature at 100-160 mm fork length as they approach age I. Spawning occurs primarily from September through May, but length frequencies indicate it concentrates, or is most successful, in distinct "Winter" (late January-mid-May) and "Fall" (early September-late October) periods that coincide with downcoast, alongshore currents (toward Mexico). Gonad data and persistence of small fish indicate spawning in winter, but at a low level. Spawning probably occurs offshore and upcoast …

Effect Of Neutral Red Stain On Settlement Ability Of Oyster Pediveligers, Crassostrea Virginica, Patrick Baker

VIMS Articles

The effect of neutral red stain on the settlement of oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) pediveligers was examined. Larvae were offered two types of substrate: oyster shell and acetate sheets. Settlement was measured as the proportion of pediveligers settled after 24 hours and analyzed with two-factor ANOV A. Staining did not significantly affect settlement, although settlement onto acetate was much lower than onto oyster shell.

Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: Ii. Disease Development And Impact On Growth Rate At Different Salinities, Kennedy T. Paynter, Eugene M. Burreson

VIMS Articles

In order to assess the impact of Perkinsus marinus infection on oyster growth and mortality, oysters were raised in floating rafts at six sites around Chesapeake Bay. The sites were comprised of two low salinity sites (8-10%0), two moderate salinity (12-15%0) sites and two high salinity sites (16-20%0). Oyster growth was monitored biweekly along with various water qualities including temperature and salinity. Condition index was measured monthly and disease diagnosis was perfonned bimonthly. Oyster growth was initially greatest at the high salinity sites but was subsequently retarded by Perkinsus infection at both the moderate and high salinity sites (where the …

A Larva Of The Poorly Known Serranid Fish Jeboehlkia-Gladifer (Teleostei, Serranidae, Epinephelinae), Carol C. Baldwin, G. David Johnson

VIMS Articles

No abstract provided.

Gametogenic Cycle Of Sea Scallops (Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791)) In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, A. C. Schmitzer, W. D. Dupaul, J. E. Kirkley

VIMS Articles

Gametogenesis of the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus , from 3 areas within the mid-Atlantic Bight was examined from January to December 1988. Histological and morphometric quantification of gonadal tissue concluded that a semiannual gametogenic cycle was characteristic of sea scallops from the mid-Atlantic Bight. The majority of spawning occurred in May and November. Gonadal development in spring comprised a longer period of time and resulted in greater fecundity than in fall. Differences were found in the timing and magnitude of the semiannual gametogenic processes between sex, area, and water depth within the study area. Varying temperature patterns between the mid-Atlantic …

Potential Predation On Fish Eggs By The Lobate Ctenophore Mnemiopsis-Leidyi Within And Outside The Chesapeake Bay Plume, John J. Govoni, John E. Olney

VIMS Articles

In Chesapeake Bay in June, the predatory lobate ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and the eggs of the bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli typically reach seasonal and localized abundance together. When examined at small vertical (1-3m), horizontal (10-50m), and temporal (6-hour) scales, the co-occurrence of M. leidyi and fish eggs (32.3-74.2% of which were A. mitchilli) was greatest in the northern reaches of the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, where the water column was stratified. Stratification to the south was effected by the Chesapeake Bay plume. With estimates of ctenophore clearance rate reported elsewhere and observed densities of ctenophores and fish eggs, potential predation …

Distribution Of Striped Bass Morone-Saxatilis (Walbaum) Eggs And Larvae In Major Virginia Rivers, George C. Grant, John E. Olney

VIMS Articles

Spring ichthyoplankton surveys in the tidal freshwater reaches of Virginia rivers were used to document the temporal and spatial occurrence of spawning by striped bass Morone saxatilis (Walbaum). Single river systems were intensively surveyed in 1980 (York River system), 1981 (James River system), and 1982 (Rappahannock River). In spring 1983, all three river systems were sampled at approximately weekly intervals. Some spawning occurred in all years, including those yielding poor year-classes (1980 and 1981). Spawning occurred largely within the first 40 km of tidal freshwater in major rivers, except when drought conditions displaced spawning upstream in advance of encroaching saltwater. …