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Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
A Preliminary, Annotated List Of Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) From The Uw-Milwaukee Field Station, Daniel K. Young
A Preliminary, Annotated List Of Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) From The Uw-Milwaukee Field Station, Daniel K. Young
Field Station Bulletins
Coleoptera, the beetles, account for nearly 25% of all known animal species, and nearly 18% of all described species of life on the planet. Their species richness is equal to the number of all plant species in the world and six times the number of all vertebrate species. They are found almost everywhere, yet many minute or cryptic species go virtually un-noticed even by trained naturalists. Little wonder, then, that such a dominant group might pass through time relatively unknown to most naturalists, hobbyists, and even entomologists; even an elementary comprehension of the beetle fauna of our own region has …
A Late Quaternary Pollen Record From Cedarburg Bog, Wisconsin, Glen G. Fredlund, James R. Brozowski, Jong Woo Oh
A Late Quaternary Pollen Record From Cedarburg Bog, Wisconsin, Glen G. Fredlund, James R. Brozowski, Jong Woo Oh
Field Station Bulletins
Late Quaternary (from the last glaciation to present) forest history is inferred from the Cedarburg Bog fossil pollen record. Analysis of fossil pollen samples extend over 4 meters of continuous core recovered from near the center of the bog. The deepest and oldest of the fossil pollen assemblages (ca. 12,000 years ago) suggest open spruce woodlands unlike any in the contemporary boreal ecosystem. Pollen from the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (11,000 years ago) is marked by a number of abrupt changes in forest composition related to rapid climate change, species immigration, and progressive soils and ecosystem maturation. By 9,000 years ago most …
Flowering Phenology Along The Uwm Field Station Boardwalk In The Cedarburg Bog, Kate Redmond, James A. Reinartz, Scott Critchley
Flowering Phenology Along The Uwm Field Station Boardwalk In The Cedarburg Bog, Kate Redmond, James A. Reinartz, Scott Critchley
Field Station Bulletins
Flowering phenology of 254 plant species was studied over eight growing seasons between 1984 and 1993. Most of the phonological observations were made along the Field Station's boardwalk in the Cedarburg Bog. We report on the flowering phenology of 189 species for which there was sufficient data for an accurate description. Correlations of flowering phenology with weather data are also summarized.
A Preliminary Survey Of Archaeological Sites Surrounding Cedarburg Bog, Donald A. Bezella
A Preliminary Survey Of Archaeological Sites Surrounding Cedarburg Bog, Donald A. Bezella
Field Station Bulletins
Cedarburg Bog was an attractive location for prehistoric Indian occupancy sites. The combination of upland deciduous forest and lowland marsh environments provided a rich food resource base for native inhabitants. During a surface survey conducted in 1991-1992, 11 habitation sites were located on the Bog's adjacent upland area. Projectile points which were found on the various sites and were diagnostic of certain periods, revealed a range of habitation from Early Archaic (6000 B.C.) to Late Woodland (1700 A.D.). Based on the characteristics of the sites discovered, it is apparent that other sites remain to be uncovered. This preliminary survey was …
Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus Frangula), A Threat To The Vegetation Of The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Joanne Kline
Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus Frangula), A Threat To The Vegetation Of The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Joanne Kline
Field Station Bulletins
Glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula) is a shrub or small tree which is a native of Eurasia, introduced to North America about the mid-nineteenth century. Escaped from cultivation, Rhamnus frangula is rapidly becoming a serious pest in certain kinds of wetland habitats and has been in the Cedarburg Bog for at least the last thirty years. Glossy buckthorn is most dense in the string bog, the most unique vegetation type in the Bog. Since 1968, the string bog population of Rhamnus frangula has been growing logarithmically at a rate which doubles the population size in less than 4 years. Individual shoots …
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part Ii, James A. Reinartz
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part Ii, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The boardwalk that extends to the center of the Cedarburg Bog is the UWM Field Station's most heavily used teaching facility. Research is also conducted in the Bog, which holds an understandable fascination for researchers and students of natural history because of its size, complexity, diversity and geographical isolation from similar communities. Because of the increasing research and teaching use of the Bog, it has become essential that some of what is known about the natural history of the Bog be assembled and summarized in an easily accessible introduction and guide. The guide contains too much material to fit into …
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part 1, James A. Reinartz
A Guide To The Natural History Of The Cedarburg Bog: Part 1, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The boardwalk that extends to the center of the Cedarburg Bog is the UWM Field Station's most heavily used teaching facility. Research is also conducted in the Bog, which holds an understandable fascination for researchers and students of natural history because of its size, complexity, diversity and geographical isolation from similar communities. Because of the increasing research and teaching use of the Bog, it has become essential that some of what is known about the natural history of the Bog be assembled and summarized in an easily accessible introduction and guide. The guide contains too much material to fit into …
Labrador Tea (Ledum Groelandicum) In The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Labrador Tea (Ledum Groelandicum) In The Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The Labrador tea population in the Cedarburg Bog is a southern outlyer from its more northerly range and is disjunct by at least 40 miles from the nearest population. The discovery of Labrador tea in the Bog raises to 11 the number of vascular plants that reach their absolute southernmost Wisconsin boundaries in the Cedarburg Bog (5 dicots, 5 monocots, 1 gymnosperm). It raises the number of vascular plants at, or near, the southern edge of their range in the Cedarburg Bog to at least 35.
String Bog Or "Strangmoor" In Cedarburg Bog, Thomas F. Grillinger
String Bog Or "Strangmoor" In Cedarburg Bog, Thomas F. Grillinger
Field Station Bulletins
This paper discusses the string bog portion of Cedarburg Bog and the origin of string bogs in general. String bog or "strangmoor" Is found in Cedarburg Bog, which Is about 200 miles south of the southernmost string bog location previously reported. The string bog Is deep within the bog, remote from both the periphery of the bog and the open lakes within It. This vegetational pattern consists of slightly raised ridges and islands with woody vegetation, alternating with flat sedge mat areas. This string bog, like others of North America and Eurasia, is found on a slightly sloping surface; the …
Autecological Studies Of Drosera Linearis, A Threatened Sundew Species, Juliet C. Stromberg-Wilkins
Autecological Studies Of Drosera Linearis, A Threatened Sundew Species, Juliet C. Stromberg-Wilkins
Field Station Bulletins
The linear-leaf sundew has been extirpated from several stations at the southern edge of Its range. Cedarburg Bog is believed to harbor the largest of the remaining southern colonies of this species. Drosera linearis has a lower reproductive output at Cedarburg Bog than at other sites, and produces fewer seeds per plant than the three sundew species which share its range. The population studied at Cedarburg Bog declined in population size and reproductive output from 1980 to 1982, and revealed characteristics associated with high rates of local extinction. Populations experienced rapid turnover of individuals, and population size was closely coupled …
Effects Of Flooding On Herbaceous Species Of The White Cedar-Tamarack Woods In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Steven Kroeger
Effects Of Flooding On Herbaceous Species Of The White Cedar-Tamarack Woods In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Steven Kroeger
Field Station Bulletins
A part of the northern lowland forest of Cedarburg Bog was flooded about eight years ago as a result of clogged road culverts. Studies of the effects of flooding on species composition, productivity, hydrology and soils were begun in 1982. Post flooding studies will commence when the natural water levels are restored (ca 1984). This paper compares the frequencies of herbaceous species in the flooded woods with an adjacent portion of unflooded woods. The pattern of species' abundances within the flooded woods is related to the degree of inundation and grazing history of the site. Significantly different frequencies were found …
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part Ii. Dicots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part Ii. Dicots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
There are two species of gymnosperms and 18 monocots that are near the southern edge of their geographic range in Cedarburg Bog (Reinartz and Reinartz 1981). Six of these may actually reach their range boundary in the bog. Nine species of the Cyperaceae and seven Orchidaceae comprise the bulk of the monocot species that are near their southern limits. The purpose of this paper is to provide an annotated listing of dicot species which have geographically marginal populations in Cedarburg Bog.
Summer Birds Reaching The Margins Of Their Range At The Cedarburg Bog And The Uwm Field Station, John H. Idzikowski
Summer Birds Reaching The Margins Of Their Range At The Cedarburg Bog And The Uwm Field Station, John H. Idzikowski
Field Station Bulletins
In a previous article, Reinartz and Reinartz (1981) described the monocot and gymnosperm plants that reach their range limits at the Cedarburg Bog. The bog forest consists primarily of·white cedar (Thuja canadensis) and tamarack (Larix laricina) and includes a string bog plant community, all typical of wetlands further north. The summer fauna also possesses an ecologically northern relict flavor. This is especially true of the most conspicuous vertebrates, the birds. Many bird species found in the bog are more closely associated with the transitional and boreal forests of Canada and northern Wisconsin than with the deciduous forests and fields that …
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part 1. Gymnosperms And Monocots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part 1. Gymnosperms And Monocots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
Marginal populations are those located at the extreme or periphery of a species' range. In the context of this paper, marginal populations refer to a geographical periphery rather than to possible ecological margins. A wide ranging species may be composed of several different varieties or ecotypes. Marginal populations of plants are of special interest to plant taxonomists, ecologists, ecological geneticists and biogeographers because they may exhibit different characteristics than more centrally located populations. This is likely because plants at the boundaries of their species' range may experience extreme ecological conditions beyond which they cannot survive.
Selected Physical And Chemical Properties Of An Alkaline Bog Lake, Nancy E. Liptak, Margaret Summerfield
Selected Physical And Chemical Properties Of An Alkaline Bog Lake, Nancy E. Liptak, Margaret Summerfield
Field Station Bulletins
Mud Lake is located in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, on land adjoining the UW-Milwaukee Field Station. It is surrounded by Cedarburg Bog, the most extensive bog in southeastern Wisconsin. This lake is unusual among bog lakes in being alkaline. Some work has been done on the chemistry of acid bog lakes (Malins Smith, 1942; Gorham, 1956; Gorham and Pearsall, 1956; Hayward, 1957), but none of these authors sampled sites with pH values approximating those of Mud Lake. The primary purpose of this study was to begin a data bank of chemical analyses of Mud Lake water samples. The availability of such …
Cedarburg Bog -A National Natural Landmark, Forest Sterns, Diane Ringger
Cedarburg Bog -A National Natural Landmark, Forest Sterns, Diane Ringger
Field Station Bulletins
The Cedarburg Bog and adjoining upland beech woods were designated, with nine other Wisconsin locations, as National Natural Landmarks. The other sites are the Wyalusing Hardwood Forest in Grant County, Summerton Bog in Marquette County, the Kakagon Sloughs in Ashland County, Abraham's Woods in Green County, Spruce Lake Bog in Fond du Lac County, the Flambeau River Hardwood Forest in Sawyer County, the Finnerud Pine Forest in Oneida County, the Chippewa River Bottoms in Buffalo County and the Chiwaukee Prairie in Kenosha County. Previously, the Ridges Sanctuary in Door County was the only Wisconsin site included.
Post-Settlement Land Uses And Their Effects On The Cedarburg Bog, Nevin J. Farley, Peter J. Salamun
Post-Settlement Land Uses And Their Effects On The Cedarburg Bog, Nevin J. Farley, Peter J. Salamun
Field Station Bulletins
During a study of the plant species of a lowland hardwood stand at the western edge of the Cedarburg Bog (Farley, 1973), it was noted that significant environmental changes had occurred here and throughout the bog which resulted in the present-day vegatation patterns. Many of these changes can be attributed to the various post-settlement land-use practices which were employed in the Town of Saukville (TllN, R21E), Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, where this bog is located. To document this information a literature survey was made of the various studies which ha ve been carried out in this area (Cutler, 1936; Grittinger, 1969; …
Breeding Birds Of The Forested Portions Of Cedarburg Bog, Charles M. Weise
Breeding Birds Of The Forested Portions Of Cedarburg Bog, Charles M. Weise
Field Station Bulletins
In 1971 the Wisconsin Scientific Areas Preservation Council inaugurated a program of annual breeding bird surveys in the various state scientific areas, carried out by members of the Wisconsin Society for Ornithology and coordinated by Mrs. Evelyn Warner. The object is to provide documented quantitative data for assessment of bird population trends, specifically as an index to possible environmental deterioration. The upland deciduous (maple-beech) woods at the UWM Field Station and a large part of the adjacent Cedarburg Bog are included in the scientific areas system, destined for preservation with minimal management for scientific research and education. As part of …
Rate Of Growth Of Tamarack (Larix Tarcina) In Cedarburg Bog, Cynthia Meyer
Rate Of Growth Of Tamarack (Larix Tarcina) In Cedarburg Bog, Cynthia Meyer
Field Station Bulletins
This study was undertaken to determine the influence of bog conditions on growth rate of tamarack (Larix larcina). The Cedarburg Bog in Ozaukee County, Wisconsin presents a unique opportunity for such study since it includes the southernmost string bog in the United States (Grittinger, 1970). My results demonstrate very slow growth of tamarack in Cedarburg Bog both in diameter and height. Differences in growth rates depend on the particular area of the bog, aeration, and mineral availability. As indicated by other studies, much more work is needed to determine how various factors affect growth of trees as well as other …
The Late-Glacial And Post-Glacial History Of The Cedarburg Bog Area, Wisconsin, Norman P. Lasca
The Late-Glacial And Post-Glacial History Of The Cedarburg Bog Area, Wisconsin, Norman P. Lasca
Field Station Bulletins
Continental glaciers moving over Wisconsin four times in the last two million years sculptured the underlying Paleozoic dolomites and limestones in the Cedarburg area and deposited vast amounts of debris on the bedrock surface. Since the retreat of the Wisconsinan ice, about 12,000 years ago, mass-wasting, fluvial activity, and weathering have modified the landscape and produced the topography we see today. The Pleistocene deposits of the Cedarburg area are late Wisconsinan in age, and the earlier history of the area must be inferred from studies done in Southern Wisconsin and the surrounding states. As early as the mid-1800's mention is …
Uwm’S First Phd In Botany Awarded For Study Of Cedarburg Bog, Philip B. Whitford
Uwm’S First Phd In Botany Awarded For Study Of Cedarburg Bog, Philip B. Whitford
Field Station Bulletins
Thomas F. Grittinger's thesis, entitled "Vegetational Patterns and Edaphic Relationships in Cedarburg Bog," summarized for the first time we now have a large amount of information about the variety and detailed composition of the vegetation within the bog, together with related factors such as peat depth and water quality. The vegetation types were objectively analyzed, described, and mapped, then related to site factors and history of distrubance.