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Full-Text Articles in Agriculture

Performance Of A Temperate-Zone Channel Catfish Biofloc Technology Production System During Winter, Bartholomew W. Green Nov 2014

Performance Of A Temperate-Zone Channel Catfish Biofloc Technology Production System During Winter, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have been grown successfully in an outdoor biofloc technology production system. Outdoor biofloc production systems in the tropic sare operated year-round, whereas the channel catfish studies were conducted only during the growing season and biofloc production tanks were harvested and idled for the winter. If an outdoor biofloc production system is to be adopted by farmers at temperate latitudes, then data gaps related to system and fish performance over the winter must be addressed. The present study was conducted to address these data gaps for channel catfish culture. Waters from a recently completed biofloc …


Nucleotide Polymorphism And Copy Number Variant Detection Using Exome Capture And Next-Generation Sequencing In The Polyploid Grass Panicum Virgatum, Joseph Evans, Jeongwoon Kim, Kevin L. Childs, Briaenne Vaillancourt, Emily Crisovan, Aruna Nandety, Daniel J. Gerhardt, Todd A. Richmond, Jeffery A. Jeddeloh, Shawn M. Kaeppler, Michael D. Casler, C Robin Buell Jan 2014

Nucleotide Polymorphism And Copy Number Variant Detection Using Exome Capture And Next-Generation Sequencing In The Polyploid Grass Panicum Virgatum, Joseph Evans, Jeongwoon Kim, Kevin L. Childs, Briaenne Vaillancourt, Emily Crisovan, Aruna Nandety, Daniel J. Gerhardt, Todd A. Richmond, Jeffery A. Jeddeloh, Shawn M. Kaeppler, Michael D. Casler, C Robin Buell

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a polyploid, outcrossing grass species native to North America and has recently been recognized as a potential biofuel feedstock crop. Significant phenotypic variation including ploidy is present across the two primary ecotypes of switchgrass, referred to as upland and lowland switchgrass. The tetraploid switchgrass genome is approximately 1400 Mbp, split between two subgenomes, with significant repetitive sequence content limiting the efficiency of re-sequencing approaches for determining genome diversity. To characterize genetic diversity in upland and lowland switchgrass as a first step in linking genotype to phenotype, we designed an exome capture probe set based on transcript …


Predicting Phosphorus Dynamics In Complex Terrains Using A Variable Source Area Hydrology Model, Amy S. Collick, Daniel R. Fuka, Peter J.A. Kleinman, Anthony R. Buda, Jennifer L. Weld, Mike J. White, Tamie L. Veith, Ray B. Bryant, Carl H. Bolster, Zachary M. Easton Jan 2014

Predicting Phosphorus Dynamics In Complex Terrains Using A Variable Source Area Hydrology Model, Amy S. Collick, Daniel R. Fuka, Peter J.A. Kleinman, Anthony R. Buda, Jennifer L. Weld, Mike J. White, Tamie L. Veith, Ray B. Bryant, Carl H. Bolster, Zachary M. Easton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural watersheds has long been a critical water quality problem, the control of which has been the focus of considerable research and investment. Preventing P loss depends on accurately representing the hydrological and chemical processes governing P mobilization and transport. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a watershed model commonly used to predict run-off and non-point source pollution transport. SWAT simulates run-off employing either the curve number (CN) or the Green and Ampt methods, both assume infiltration-excess run-off, although shallow soils underlain by a restricting layer commonly generate saturation-excess run-off from variable source areas …


Draft Genome Sequence Of A Mycobacterium Avium Complex Isolate From A Broadbill Bird, John Bannantine, Darrell O. Bayles, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Angela M. Burrell, Judith R. Stabel Jan 2014

Draft Genome Sequence Of A Mycobacterium Avium Complex Isolate From A Broadbill Bird, John Bannantine, Darrell O. Bayles, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Angela M. Burrell, Judith R. Stabel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) organisms cause opportunistic infections in humans, yet their epidemiology remains poorly understood. They are slowly growing environmental and animal-associated mycobacteria that have little notoriety except for the strains that cause disseminated infections in HIV- infected humans (1). Most MAC organisms are classified taxonomically as a single species, M. avium, which is divided into at least four subspecies, M. avium subsp. avium, M. avium subsp. hominissuis, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and M. avium subsp. silvaticum (2). The only other species in this group is M. intracellulare. Genotyping of this diverse bacterial group has been achieved using intergenic …


Screening Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Mutants For Attenuation In A Bovine Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Model, Elise A. Lamont, Adel M. Talaat, Paul M. Coussens, John Bannantine, Yrjo T. Grohn, Robab Katani, Ling-Ling Li, Vivek Kapur, Srinand Sreevatsan Jan 2014

Screening Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Mutants For Attenuation In A Bovine Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Model, Elise A. Lamont, Adel M. Talaat, Paul M. Coussens, John Bannantine, Yrjo T. Grohn, Robab Katani, Ling-Ling Li, Vivek Kapur, Srinand Sreevatsan

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Vaccination remains a major tool for prevention and progression of Johne’s disease, a chronic enteritis of ruminants worldwide. Currently there is only one licensed vaccine within the United States and two vaccines licensed internationally against Johne’s disease. All licensed vaccines reduce fecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and delay disease progression. However, there are no available vaccines that prevent disease onset. A joint effort by the Johne’s Disease Integrated Program (JDIP), a USDA-funded consortium, and USDA—APHIS/VS sought to identify transposon insertion mutant strains as vaccine candidates in part of a three phase study. The focus of the Phase …


Enhanced Expression Of Codon Optimized Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Antigens In Lactobacillus Salivarius, Christopher D. Johnston, John Bannantine, Rodney Govender, Lorraine Endersen, Daniel Pletzer, Helge Weingart, Aidan Coffey, Jim O’Mahony, Roy D. Sleator Jan 2014

Enhanced Expression Of Codon Optimized Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Antigens In Lactobacillus Salivarius, Christopher D. Johnston, John Bannantine, Rodney Govender, Lorraine Endersen, Daniel Pletzer, Helge Weingart, Aidan Coffey, Jim O’Mahony, Roy D. Sleator

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

It is well documented that open reading frames containing high GC content show poor expression in A+T rich hosts. Specifically, G+C-rich codon usage is a limiting factor in heterologous expression of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) proteins using Lactobacillus salivarius. However, re-engineering opening reading frames through synonymous substitutions can offset codon bias and greatly enhance MAP protein production in this host. In this report, we demonstrate that codon-usage manipulation of MAP2121c can enhance the heterologous expression of the major membrane protein (MMP), analogous to the form in which it is produced natively by MAP bacilli. When heterologously over-expressed, antigenic determinants …


Complete Genome Sequence Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Isolated From Human Breast Milk, John Bannantine, Lingling Li, Michael M. Mwangi, Rebecca Cote, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Vivek Kapur Jan 2014

Complete Genome Sequence Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Isolated From Human Breast Milk, John Bannantine, Lingling Li, Michael M. Mwangi, Rebecca Cote, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Vivek Kapur

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes Johne’s disease (JD) in cattle, sheep, goats, and other ruminant animals. JD presents as a chronic granulomatous intestinal infection with a worldwide distribution and imposes a significant economic toll on livestock industries (1). M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis has a complex cell wall structure containing mycolic acids and several lipids similar to those of other members of this genus, yet it is the most slowly growing member. This bacterium often requires 8 to 16 weeks before colonies are visible in culture, which is a major hurdle in diagnostics and therefore in the implementation of optimal JD …


Effect Of Stocking Biomass On Solids, Phytoplankton Communities, Common Off-Flavors, And Production Parameters In A Channel Catfish Biofloc Technology Production System, Bartholomew W. Green, Kevin K. Schrader, Peter W. Perschbacher Jan 2014

Effect Of Stocking Biomass On Solids, Phytoplankton Communities, Common Off-Flavors, And Production Parameters In A Channel Catfish Biofloc Technology Production System, Bartholomew W. Green, Kevin K. Schrader, Peter W. Perschbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The effect of initial channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque, 1818) fingerling biomass (1.4, 1.8, or 2.3 kg m-3) on phytoplankton communities, common off-flavours and stocker catfish production parameters was evaluated in biofloc technology production tanks. Stocker catfish size (145.5–172.6 g fish-1) at harvest did not differ among treatments, but net yield increased linearly as initial biomass increased (R2 = 0.633). Mean total feed consumption increased linearly with initial catfish biomass (R2 = 0.656) and ranged from 10.7 to 15.8 kg m -3. Total suspended solids (TSS) in all treatments increased linearly …