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- Rhabdovirus (2)
- 13C and 15N NMR (1)
- 7-epi-zingiberene (1)
- 9-hydroxy-zingiberene (1)
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- Alkaloid (1)
- Anthesis uniformity (1)
- BiFC (1)
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- Black shank (1)
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- Diplodia ear rot (1)
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- Glycine max (1)
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- Hidden Diplodia (1)
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- Loline Alkaloids (1)
Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Agriculture
Assessing Endophyte Frequency Distributions And The Effect Of Epichloë Brachyelytri In The Chemotypic And Genotypic Diversity Of Brachyelytrum Erectum, Rachel Ann Sneed
Assessing Endophyte Frequency Distributions And The Effect Of Epichloë Brachyelytri In The Chemotypic And Genotypic Diversity Of Brachyelytrum Erectum, Rachel Ann Sneed
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Seed-transmissible epichloid fungal endophytes are best known for their roles as defensive mutualists in cool-season grasses. Historically, the discovery of fungal endophytes was driven by investigations of plant toxicity to livestock, followed by extensive study of their alkaloids and protection against insects and nematodes. Epichloae can produce four classes of alkaloids: ergot alkaloids, lolines (saturated aminopyrrolizidines), indole–diterpenes, and peramine. It is increasingly evident that these hereditary symbionts have much more diverse chemical profiles both in individual populations and between them. To this end, differences in chemotypic profiles of these symbionts may translate to different evolutionary and environmental advantages across plant …
An Improved Understanding Of Diplodia Ear Rot In Kentucky Corn, Nolan Ryan Anderson
An Improved Understanding Of Diplodia Ear Rot In Kentucky Corn, Nolan Ryan Anderson
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Stenocarpella maydis and Stenocarpella macrospora are both causal agents of Diplodia ear rot (DER) of corn in the U.S. The current prevalence and distribution of each is unknown worldwide. Signs and symptoms of DER include white mold on and between kernels, bleached husks, and pycnidia visible in the cob pith. The term hidden Diplodia describes when no mycelia or bleached husk is present, but pycnidia are still visible inside the cob. This phenomenon is reported to be caused by late infections of Stenocarpella spp. New fungicide nozzle technology has been promoted to increase spray coverage in the lower canopy, which …
Epidemiology And Management Of Frogeye Leaf Spot Of Soybean: Damage Thresholds, Efficacy And Profitability Of Foliar Fungicides, Jhonatan Paulo Barro
Epidemiology And Management Of Frogeye Leaf Spot Of Soybean: Damage Thresholds, Efficacy And Profitability Of Foliar Fungicides, Jhonatan Paulo Barro
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by Cercospora sojina, is an economically important disease of soybean in many parts of the world where soybean is grown, including the United States. A meta-analytic approach was used to summarize a data set of 66 uniform field research trials conducted to evaluate fungicide efficacy against FLS on soybean. The dataset spanned 10 years (2012 to 2021) of experiments conducted across eight states in the U.S., including Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi and Tennessee. First, the relationship between FLS severity and soybean yield was investigated. A significant negative slope obtained through random …
Improving Kentucky's Winter Wheat And Double Crop Soybean Rotation, Katherine Susan Rod
Improving Kentucky's Winter Wheat And Double Crop Soybean Rotation, Katherine Susan Rod
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
The winter wheat double crop soybean rotation is an economically viable rotation for Kentucky farmers. Recent decreases in commodity prices has warranted the need to evaluate intensive management practices that can increase yields and profitability in this crop rotation. There were three goals of this dissertation: 1.) identify management practices that would decrease deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested wheat grain and increase wheat heading and anthesis uniformity, 2.) evaluate double crop soybean planting timing and identify intensive management practices to increase seed yield, and 3.) determine the profitability of these management options. These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 …
Virus-Induced Changes In Nuclear Proteins And Membranes In Nicotiana Benthamiana Cells, Caleb Mathias
Virus-Induced Changes In Nuclear Proteins And Membranes In Nicotiana Benthamiana Cells, Caleb Mathias
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Viruses rely on host proteins to complete their life cycles. This results in alterations to normal cell physiology to processes which benefit viral processes such as replication and movement to other cells. This may involve the relocalization of host proteins away from their original subcellular targets to sites which may benefit the virus, a process that is not as well understood as it relates to the nucleus. To identify nuclear proteins that may be involved in such processes, a library of random Nicotiana benthamiana cDNAs were expressed as GFP fusions in a transgenic marker lines expressing a histone 2B:RFP nuclear …
Arthropod Resistant Tomatoes: Screening Tools, Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Interspecific Hybrids, Mohammad Hasan Salman Ali Dawood
Arthropod Resistant Tomatoes: Screening Tools, Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Interspecific Hybrids, Mohammad Hasan Salman Ali Dawood
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops grown around globe but is a host for numerous pests and pathogens. In the future, tomato breeders will have to focus on increasing fruit quantity and on enhancing pest resistance. Many accessions of the wild relative of tomato, S. habrochaites display high levels of resistance towards arthropods such as spider mites. The presence of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, 7-epi-zingiberene, found in S. habrochaites type IV trichomes has been associated with arthropod resistance. However, the presence of other compounds in its trichome secretions may also be related …
Alternative Methods Of Control For Phytophthora Nicotianae Of Tobacco, Anna M. Holdcroft
Alternative Methods Of Control For Phytophthora Nicotianae Of Tobacco, Anna M. Holdcroft
Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology
Kentucky is the nation’s leading producer of burley tobacco and the crop’s most economically important disease is black shank, caused by Phytophthora nicotianae (Pn). Current management is effective, however, problems with expense and pathogen persistence are issues. Two alternative methods for control of Pn were examined: biofumigation and soil application of an organic, yeast fermentation‐derived product (Soil‐Set). Field studies in 2009 and 2010 found no effect on populations of fungi, disease severity of Pn, and yield between mustard‐ and wheat‐amended plots. Experiments in the greenhouse suggested that survival of Pn was impacted by biomass rather than biofumigation. Biofumigation is not …
Control Of Erwinia Tracheiphila In Cucumis Melo, John R. Caudle
Control Of Erwinia Tracheiphila In Cucumis Melo, John R. Caudle
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Currently there is no control of bacterial wilt disease, Erwinia tracheiphila, in susceptible cucurbit crops, once infection of the plant occurs. Conventional and organic production systems rely on insecticide applications to kill the vectors, striped and spotted cucumber beetles, Acalymma vittatum and Diabrotica undecimpunctata, respectively, prior to transmission of the pathogen which indirectly controls the disease to some extent. Physical barriers such as row covers are used to exclude the vectors from plants prior to flowering; however, pollination requirements expose plants to potential infection. Experimental field plots were developed to test various enhanced organic production systems in an …
Comparison Of Plant‐Adapted Rhabdovirus Protein Localization And Interactions, Kathleen Marie Martin
Comparison Of Plant‐Adapted Rhabdovirus Protein Localization And Interactions, Kathleen Marie Martin
University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations
Sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV), Potato yellow dwarf virus (PYDV) and Lettuce Necrotic yellows virus (LNYV) are members of the Rhabdoviridae family that infect plants. SYNV and PYDV are Nucleorhabdoviruses that replicate in the nuclei of infected cells and LNYV is a Cytorhabdovirus that replicates in the cytoplasm. LNYV and SYNV share a similar genome organization with a gene order of Nucleoprotein (N), Phosphoprotein (P), putative movement protein (Mv), Matrix protein (M), Glycoprotein (G) and Polymerase protein (L). PYDV contains an additional predicted gene between N and P, denoted as X, that has an unknown function. In order to gain …
Loline Alkaloid Biosynthesis In Neotyphodium Uncinatum, A Fungal Endophyte Of Lolium Pratense, Jimmy Douglas Blankenship
Loline Alkaloid Biosynthesis In Neotyphodium Uncinatum, A Fungal Endophyte Of Lolium Pratense, Jimmy Douglas Blankenship
University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations
Some endophytes in mutualistic associations with Festuca, Lolium and other grass species produce insecticidal loline alkaloids (1-aminopyrrolizidines; LA). These loline alkaloids have a saturated pyrrolizidine ring system (two-rings sharing a carbon and nitrogen atom), a 1-amine substituted with methyl, acetyl, or formyl groups, and an oxygen bridge between C-2 and C-7. The development of a reliable system of production of LA in cultures of the Lolium pratense (meadow fescue) endophyte, Neotyphodium uncinatum, facilitated work on the LA biosynthetic pathway. N. uncinatum produced norloline, loline, methylloline, N-acetylnorloline (NANL), N-formylloline (NFL), and N-acetylloline as detected in culture filtrates. The total production …