Life Sciences Commons^™

Combining Biodiversity Enhancement Of Temperate Grassland With Sustainable Organic Production Of Traditional Breed Livestock, Mark P. O'Brien, W. Elizabeth Vice, Humphrey G. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Groundwater Quality In Two Semi-Arid Areas Of Algeria: Impact Of Water Pollution On Biodiversity, Redjaimia Lylia, Hadjab Ramzi, Khammar Hichem, Merzoug Djemoi, Saheb Menouar

Journal of Bioresource Management

The biodiversity and quality of subterranean waters were comparatively studied in the Tarf plain near Oum-El-Bouaghi and in the Ksar S’bahi in Oum-El-Bouaghi, in North-eastern Algeria. For this purpose, physicochemical and faunistic analyses were carried out on the water of ten stations located in the area of Tarf, and thirteen in the area of S’bahi. In the wells of Tarf, the average stygobiologic diversity was relatively high in the wells located upstream the dumping site from the city where the groundwater presented low contents of nitrates and orthophosphates. In contrast, the wells located in the spreading zone of Tarf wastewaters …

Broad Spectrum Of Plant Species Grazed And Browsed By Cattle In Bolivian Subtropical Mountain Forests, Svenja Marquardt, H. Alzérreca, S. Beck, Michael Kreuzer, Andrea C. Mayer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Fencing Effects On Biodiversity Changes In Desertified Grassland In Hulunbeir, China, Shihai Lu, Jixi Gao, Changsong Feng, Xinshi Lu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Impacts Of Livestock Grazing Intensity On Plant Biodiversity In The Western Chang Tang National Natural Reserve, Tibet, China, Tsechoe Dorji, L. J. Fox, C. E. Richard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Managing Natural Grasslands In A Changing World: Grazing Ecology Insights To Accomplish Re‐Oriented Management Expectations, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, Sila C. Da Silva, Carlos Nabinger, Anibal De Moraes, Teresa C. M. Genro

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Ecology And Evolution, David J. Lohman

Open Educational Resources

Introduction to the basic principles of ecology and evolutionary biology emphasizing quantitative approaches and hypothesis testing. Scientific reasoning, computer literacy, and writing skills are developed in the laboratory.

Systematics And Historical Biogeography Of Neotropical Foam-Nesting Frogs Of The Adenomera Heyeri Clade (Leptodactylidae), With The Description Of Six New Amazonian Species, Thiago R.D. Carvalho, Leandro J.C.L. Moraes, Albertina P. Lima, Antoine Fouquet, Pedro L.V. Peloso, Dante Pavan, Leandro O. Drummond, Miguel T. Rodrigues, Ariovaldo A. Giaretta, Marcelo Gordo, Selvino Neckel-Oliveira, Célio F.B. Haddad

Pacific Faculty Work

A large proportion of the biodiversity of Amazonia, one of the most diverse rainforest areas in the world, is yet to be formally described. One such case is the Neotropical frog genus Adenomera. We here evaluate the species richness and historical biogeography of the Adenomera heyeri clade by integrating molecular phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses with morphological and acoustic data. Our results uncovered ten new candidate species with interfluve-associated distributions across Amazonia. In this study, six of these are formally named and described. The new species partly correspond to previously identified candidate lineages 'sp. F' and 'sp. G' and also …

Food System And Water–Energy–Biodiversity Nexus In Nepal: A Review, Roshan Subedi, Madhav Karki, Dinesh Panday

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Water, energy, and biodiversity are essential components for building a sustainable food system in a developing country like Nepal. Green Revolution technologies and the package of practices largely ignored the role of ecosystem services, leaving a large population of small farmers’ food- and nutrition-insecure. Biodiversity, especially, agrobiodiversity is in decline and this vital cross-cutting element is less discussed and interlinked in nexus literature. The interlinking food system with water–energy–biodiversity nexus, therefore, is essential to achieve a resilient food system. It ensures the vital structures and functions of the ecosystem on which it is dependent are well protected in the face …

Stream Biodiversity And Co-Occurrence Network Topology Along Sub-Continental To Global Nutrient And Land Use Gradients, William Robert Budnick

Biology Dissertations - Archive

Freshwaters are some of the most vulnerable ecosystems to global change forces, such as land use and eutrophication, implicated in the loss of biodiversity and biotic homogenization (increased similarity) of species communities. However, much less is known about the impact of these forces on the mechanisms underlying biodiversity and the patterns of species co-occurrence. In this dissertation, I use sub-continental to global stream community datasets to investigate the effects of land use and nutrients on algal, macroinvertebrate, and fish biodiversity, abundance, and complexity of co-occurrence patterns to pursue three objectives. I first investigate how agriculture contributes to biotic homogenization, and …

Molecular Approaches For Analyzing Organismal And Environmental Interactions, Stephanie Fern Hudon

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Our planet is undergoing rapid change due to the expanding human population and climate change, which leads to extreme weather events and habitat loss. It is more important than ever to develop methods which can monitor the impact we are having on the biodiversity of our planet. To influence policy changes in wildlife and resource management practices we need to provide measurable evidence of how we are affecting animal health and fitness and the ecosystems needed for their survival. We also need to pool our resources and work in interdisciplinary teams to find common threads which can help preserve biodiversity …

Impact Of Disturbance Regimes On Community And Landscape Biodiversity In Atlantic Coastal Pine Barren Ecoregion Streams, Sean T. Mccanty

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Streams are dynamic systems shaped by geographic location, hydrology, riparian vegetation, and in-stream habitat. Furthermore, ecosystem disturbance plays a major role in structuring stream communities and ecosystem processes. Disturbances include natural occurrences, such as flooding, drought, and fire events and anthropogenic disturbances such as land use changes, damming, and pollution. Agricultural use acts as a press disturbance regime, homogenizing the surrounding landscape and simplifying in-stream habitat, leaving legacy effects after farming ceases. Active restoration is intended to ameliorate these effects by reintroducing variation, with the goal of shifting the ecosystem into a more diverse and natural state. The act of …

Shifting Rangeland Mineral Resource Limitations: Ecological Responses To Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition, Heather L. Throop

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Collection Of Baseline Data On Insect And Plant Communities Across Multiple Salinity Zones Within Louisiana's Tidal Marshes, Benjamin G. Aker

LSU Master's Theses

Tidally influenced coastal marshes provide numerous important ecosystem services, but these habitats are experiencing extreme habitat loss. Louisiana’s coastal marshes in particular are vulnerable to land loss resulting from both anthropogenic and natural causes, but especially to subsidence and relative sea-level rise. In response, the Louisiana Coastal Restoration and Protection Authority has outlined and is currently implementing the largest ever attempt at habitat restoration. A major component of this habitat restoration attempt is the use of freshwater and sediment diversions to increase the input of low salinity water, sediment, and nutrients needed to slow marsh loss and build land. Coastal …

Taxonomic Richness And Diversity Of Larval Fish Assemblages In The Oceanic Gulf Of Mexico: Links To Oceanographic Conditions, Corinne R. Meinert, Kimberly Clausen-Sparks, Maëlle Cornic, Tracey Sutton, Jay R. Rooker

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Biodiversity enhances the productivity and stability of marine ecosystems and provides important ecosystem services. The aim of this study was to characterize larval fish assemblages in pelagic waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGoM) and identify oceanographic conditions associated with areas of increased taxonomic richness (T ) and Shannon diversity (H’). Summer ichthyoplankton surveys were conducted in the NGoM in 2015 and 2016 using neuston net (surface layer; upper 1 m) and oblique bongo net (mixed layer; 0–100 m) tows. Over 17,000 fish larvae were collected over the two-year study, and 99 families of fish larvae were present. Catch …

Investigating The Direct And Indirect Effects Of Forest Fragmentation On Plant Functional Diversity, Jenny Zambrano, Norbert J. Cordeiro, Carol Garzon-Lopez, Lauren Yeager, Claire Fortunel, Henry J. Ndangalasi, Noelle G. Beckman

Biology Faculty Publications

Ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation alter the functional diversity of forests. Generalising the magnitude of change in functional diversity of fragmented landscapes and its drivers is challenging because of the multiple scales at which landscape fragmentation takes place. Here we propose a multi-scale approach to determine whether fragmentation processes at the local and landscape scales are reducing functional diversity of trees in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. We employ a structural equation modelling approach using five key plant traits (seed length, dispersal mode, shade tolerance, maximum tree height, and wood density) to better understand the functional responses of trees to …

Testing The Neutral Theory Of Plant Communities In Subalpine Meadow, Xiaoguang Du, Shurong Zhou

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Testing Diversity Effects Of Forage Biodiversity In The Karst Region Of Southwestern China, Min Wang, Zhiliang Tan, Aijun Yi, Kelin Wang, Jue Zhu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Sowing And Oversowing On Species Abundance In Mountain Pastures Of Central Italy, Andrea Pardini, F. Natali

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The More We Do, The Less We Gain? Balancing Effort And Efficacy In Managing The Solidago Gigantea Invasion, Dávid U. Nagy, Emily S.J. Rauschert, Tamás Henn, Kevin Cianfaglione, Szilvia Stranczinger, Robert W. Pal

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Developing invasive plant management strategies is an important task in modern ecology, conservation biology and land management. Solidago gigantea is considered a problematic invader in Europe and Asia, where it forms dominant stands that can decrease species diversity. There is, therefore, an urgent need for effective management to reduce S. gigantea infestations and their negative impacts. We examined the efficacy of multiple approaches to S. gigantea management in Hungary. In our study, we evaluated the effect of several long-term management techniques such as grazing, mowing and periodic flooding on the invader's density as well as native community diversity. In addition, …

Effects Of Various Cattle Grazing Regimes On Vernal Pool Grassland Diversity, J. T. Marty

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

When An Introduced Pasture Grass Becomes A Conservation Threat: Managing Buffel Grass In The Rangelands Of Australia, Margaret H. Friedel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Grassland Diversity Enhances Productivity At Low And High Levels Of Nitrogen Addition, Tim Carnus, J. A. Finn, Laura Kirwan, A. Cuddihy, J. Connolly

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Public Demands On Intensive Grassland Systems And Agri-Environmental Policies Of Oecd Members, Alain Peeters

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Splitting Up A Complex Mess: The Effectiveness Of Statistical Analysis On Delimiting Species Complexes, Sara N. Schoen

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Recent studies have highlighted a need for more refined tools in species delimitation. This is especially true when considering diversity within species complexes, where members are morphologically similar and traditional tools have thus far failed to provide clearly defined boundaries between species. This project seeks to refine our traditional tools of species delimitation and apply new tools to the challenges created by species complexes. The focus organisms of this study are the anurans of the Limnonectes kuhlii complex. This species complex comprises more than 25 species of stream frogs from Southeast Asia. Traditionally, morphometrics (particularly linear measures) has been the …

A Comparative Taxonomic And Diversity Study Of Litter-Associated Fungi In Northwest Arkansas Forests, Rajaa Abdulrazzaq Abbas Al Aanbagi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fungi are taxonomically the most species-rich group of organisms on the earth, ecologically occupy distinctive niches and interact with diverse other organisms throughout their biogeographic distributions and functionally play key roles through their various lifestyles. Plant litter, in particular, is a keystone component in ecosystems and provides heterogeneous microhabitats for the often overlooked litter-decomposing fungi and other organisms on the floor of temperate deciduous forests. Litter fungi involve indirect interactions with the plant, soil and whole food web network. However, the community structure and functions of litter-associated fungi as well as patterns of species richness distributed across various litter microhabitats …

Conservation Prioritization Of Semi-Arid Savannas In India: A Multi-Scale Landscape Approach, Abi Tamim Vanak

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The semi-arid savanna grasslands of peninsular India are unique habitats that support a vast proportion of Indiaís agropastoralist community. They are also home to critically endangered species such as the Great Indian bustard and other endangered and endemic species such as the Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) and blackbuck antelope (Antilope cervicapra). Unfortunately, savanna grasslands have not received the attention of conservationists or policy makers, resulting in a lack of protection for both the endangered and endemic wildlife as well as the habitat. Given the high human-dependence on these biomes, traditional conservation measures such as large protected areas are not …

Golla--The Semi Nomadic Pastoralists And Small Animal Bioconservationists Of Odisha, India Produce Animal Proteins From Minimum To Maximum For Many, Balaram Sahu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Golla, the nomadic pastoralists of Odisha, is one of the ancient nomadic pastoralists of southeastern part of India. In the state of Odisha, Golla are found in districts of Ganjam, Gajapati and to some extent in Nayagrah district. In Ganjam and Gajapati, the Golla are mostly present in different villages, locally called as “Golla Gaon” means Golla village.

The Golla rears goats and sheep by practicing migration through natural grass and pasturelands. The people of Golla community are generally illiterate, hard working, enduring, brave and efficient traditional healers of small ruminants. The practice of migration, not only …

Little Effect Of Species Richness And Vegetation Composition On Herbage Production And Quality In A Permanent Temperate Grassland, Johannes Isselstein, Tatiana From, Ute Petersen, Nicole Wrage-Mönnig

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Phytodiversity of grasslands has been shown to support production and other ecosystem services (e.g.Weigel et al. 2009, Tilman et al. 2012). However, in many of these studies, species richness was controlled by sowing and weeding and it was questionable to what extent the findings would also be applicable to permanent 'real world' grasslands where the species number is dependent on site and management conditions. In addition there is uncertainty about the effect of diversity on the herbage value for ruminants (Wrage et al. 2011). In a new approach to biodiversity experiments, we combined experimental and observational measures …

Spider Fauna (Araneae: Araneomorphae) In Natural Grasslands Of Uruguay With Different Livestock Management, Álvaro Laborda, Rafael A. Tosi-Germán, Sebastián Donate, Oscar Blumetto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Uruguay natural grasslands sustain cattle ranching and are the country’s main renewable resource. This ecosystem not only serves a productive function, but also functions in geophysical processes of soils and sustaining the nation’s biodiversity through complex trophic webs (Berretta 2009). Increased pressure from human activities that exploit natural resources makes it necessary to possess tools for detecting disturbances in ecosystems and assessing their conservation status. Identifying indicator taxa is essential for evaluating the degree of impact on natural grasslands and for applying this in the development of management plans for this habitat type (Avalos et al. 2007; Cardoso …