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2022

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Articles 301 - 330 of 11692

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Determination Of 4 Categories Of Flavor Substances In Liquor By Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Xu Zhi-Fei, Wu Yu-Kang, Jiang Yu-Hong, Zhou Run Dec 2022

Determination Of 4 Categories Of Flavor Substances In Liquor By Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Xu Zhi-Fei, Wu Yu-Kang, Jiang Yu-Hong, Zhou Run

Food and Machinery

Objective: To establish an analytical method for the determination of four main flavor substances in liquor. Methods: A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of esters, alcohols, acids, and aldehydes in liquor. Single ion monitoring (SIM) mode was chosen. Then the method was inspected through comparison with the standard mass spectrum database, quantitative analysis of the external standard method and relative standard deviation of day-in and day-out were investigated. Results: The limits of detection of the four types of flavor compounds in liquor were 0.007~0.070 mg/L, and the limits of quantitation …

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Research On The Application Of Big Data In Food Safety Supervision Risk Early Warning, Du Lin, Wen Sheng-Jun, Yuan Gang Dec 2022

Research On The Application Of Big Data In Food Safety Supervision Risk Early Warning, Du Lin, Wen Sheng-Jun, Yuan Gang

Food and Machinery

As an important part of modern food safety governance system, food safety risk early warning fully embodies the scientific principle of "prevention first, risk management, whole process control and social co governance". This paper focuses on how to use effective data collection and data analysis strategies to achieve food safety risk early warning through monitoring, analysis, evaluation and other ways, so as to support government supervision with a more scientific and accurate food risk data management and evaluation system.

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Construction Of Embedded Governance Model Of Food Safety Risk In China, Cai Shi-Qin Dec 2022

Construction Of Embedded Governance Model Of Food Safety Risk In China, Cai Shi-Qin

Food and Machinery

As an innovative research method, embedded governance not only pays attention to the impact of institutional factors on organizational change, but also pays more attention to the importance of economic, political, social and other factors in organizational development. The review summarized the practical problems of "decoupling" between the governance subject, governance mechanism, governance means and governance objectives in Chinese food safety risk, such as the unidirectional governance subject, the decoupling of governance means, and the hysteresis of governance mechanism. It is pointed out that the embedded management of food safety risks in China can be realized and the new model …

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Study On Optimization Of Motion Parameters Of Catfish Headless Processing Device Based On Fem, Li Chen-Yang, Shan Hui-Yong, Zhang Cheng-Hao, Tian Yun-Chen, Wei Yong Dec 2022

Study On Optimization Of Motion Parameters Of Catfish Headless Processing Device Based On Fem, Li Chen-Yang, Shan Hui-Yong, Zhang Cheng-Hao, Tian Yun-Chen, Wei Yong

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the mechanization and automation of the pretreatment process of China’s freshwater fish processing industry. Methods: The catfish head cutting simulation model is constructed by the numerical analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the catfish head removal process is simulated and analyzed and the motion parameters are optimized by FEM. The blade speed and transportation speed are adjusted with the minimum cutting power consumption as the optimization goal, and the accuracy of the simulation results is verified by the prototype test. Results: When the speed of the blade is 850 r/min and the conveying speed is 14 cm/s, …

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Online Visual Detection Method Of Defective Baoyu-Flavor-Slices Based On Mechanical Vision, Xiang Yu-Hang, Zhou Cong-Ling, Wang Yong-Qiang Dec 2022

Online Visual Detection Method Of Defective Baoyu-Flavor-Slices Based On Mechanical Vision, Xiang Yu-Hang, Zhou Cong-Ling, Wang Yong-Qiang

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problem of appearance defects of Baoyu-flavor-slices, such as edge damage, internal porosity and uneven wrapper thickness in the production process. Methods: An on-line detection method based on machine vision was proposed. The Baoyu-Flavor-Slices were arranged into a single layer array by mechanical carding device. After image acquisition, image segmentation, gray value stretching and contour edge extraction were selected for image processing. Edge damage detection was completed by using the feature of outer contour roundness, abnormal wrapper thickness detection was accomplished by measuring wrapper thickness, by calculating the porosity area, the porosity detection was completed. …

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Research On Mill Distance Monitoring System Based On Machine Vision, Lu Shao-Jie, Wu Wen-Bin, Zhang Wen-Long, Hou Ning-Pei, Liu Pei-Kang, Zhao Qi-Feng Dec 2022

Research On Mill Distance Monitoring System Based On Machine Vision, Lu Shao-Jie, Wu Wen-Bin, Zhang Wen-Long, Hou Ning-Pei, Liu Pei-Kang, Zhao Qi-Feng

Food and Machinery

Objective: Real-time monitoring of the grinding roller distance of the pulverizer. Methods: CCD industrial camera was used to collect the rolling distance image, threshold segmentation and morphology were used to preprocess the gray image, and then the edge detection algorithm combined with MATLAB software and mathematical operation were used to eliminate the irrelevant edge points, and finally the rolling distance of the mill was calculated. The feasibility and veracity of the system were verified by comparing the value of gauge and the value of system monitoring. Results: The data fluctuation range of the online monitoring system was …

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Efficientnet Edible Fungus Image Recognition Based On Improved Weight Decay, Yao Zhi-Xin, Zhang Tai-Hong, Zhao Yun-Jie Dec 2022

Efficientnet Edible Fungus Image Recognition Based On Improved Weight Decay, Yao Zhi-Xin, Zhang Tai-Hong, Zhao Yun-Jie

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to solve the problem of edible fungus species identification, an EfficientNet edible fungus image classification model based on convolution neural network is proposed. Methods: Firstly, the edible fungus images were collected and the datasets were made according to different equipment and shooting environment, and then the model performance was improved through model training skills and network skills. A YWeight weight attenuation method was proposed to control the effective learning rate, and the generalization performance of the model was affected by controlling the cross-boundary. Results: This method makes EfficientNet-B0 obtain 79.82% (+0.85%) top-1 accuracy on …

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Storage Stability Of Bilayer Indicator Films Containing Anthocyanin, Wang Wen-Yan, Zhou Xi, Wei Zhen, Yu Xi-Zheng, Xiong Guo-Yuan Dec 2022

Storage Stability Of Bilayer Indicator Films Containing Anthocyanin, Wang Wen-Yan, Zhou Xi, Wei Zhen, Yu Xi-Zheng, Xiong Guo-Yuan

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the best storage conditions for anthocyanin indicator films. Methods: The double-layer indicator films containing anthocyanins were investigated. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), thickness, color and antioxidant properties (DPPH free radical scavenging ability, total phenol content and ABTS free radical scavenging ability) of double-layer indicator films containing anthocyanins were determined at different storage time (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 d) and temperature (25, 4 and 18 ℃). Results: The results showed that the thickness of the indicator films was generally maintained at about 0.15 mm, and …

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Application Of Information Visualization Technology In Tea Packaging Design, Xie Qi, Qin Yu-Yang Dec 2022

Application Of Information Visualization Technology In Tea Packaging Design, Xie Qi, Qin Yu-Yang

Food and Machinery

With functional information of tea as the starting point, information visualization as the means and tea packaging as the medium, benefiting from the visual communication between tea and consumers realized by the joint forces of the three, this paper discusses the principles and methods of information visualization in tea packaging design, and transmits the relevant information of tea to consumers easily, quickly and effectively to achieve the purpose of promotion.

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Storage Endurance Evaluation Of 'Jinxiu' Yellow Peach With Different Sugar Content Based On Nmr And 1h-Mri Techniques, Zhou Hui-Juan, Ye Zheng-Wen, Zhang Zhi-Qiang, Du Ji-Hong, Zeng Si-Yi Dec 2022

Storage Endurance Evaluation Of 'Jinxiu' Yellow Peach With Different Sugar Content Based On Nmr And 1h-Mri Techniques, Zhou Hui-Juan, Ye Zheng-Wen, Zhang Zhi-Qiang, Du Ji-Hong, Zeng Si-Yi

Food and Machinery

Objective: To evaluate the storability of yellow peach with different sugar content. Methods: The respiration intensity, ethylene release rate, soluble solid content and texture of the fruit stored at 0, 14, 21, 28, 35, (35+3) d were measured. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique and proton magnetic resonance imaging (1H-MRI) were used to determine the content of free water (A2) and relaxation time (T2) to observe the changes of fruit stored at (2±0.5) ℃. Results: During storage and shelf, the decrease rate of firmness of pulp, flesh compactedness and chewiness was faster in low-sugar group, especially at the …

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Numerical Simulation Of Pitaya Freeze-Drying Process Based On Fractal Theory, Zhang De-Zheng, Yu Ke-Zhi, Zhang Tong Dec 2022

Numerical Simulation Of Pitaya Freeze-Drying Process Based On Fractal Theory, Zhang De-Zheng, Yu Ke-Zhi, Zhang Tong

Food and Machinery

Objective: To optimize the drying characteristics of dragon fruit freeze-drying process. Methods: Based on the fractal theory and the theory of heat and mass transfer in porous media, the COMSOL software was used to numerically simulate red pitaya slices with a thickness of 8, 10, 12, 14 mm and a radius of 40 mm to simulate the sublimation and drying stage of pitaya. The heat and mass transfer process in the internal porous medium, the real-time displacement of the ice interface during the ice sublimation process is obtained, the sublimation period is predicted, and the experimental verification is …

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An Improved Automatic Detection Model For Egg Defection Based On Yolov5, Yao Xue-Feng, Li Chao Dec 2022

An Improved Automatic Detection Model For Egg Defection Based On Yolov5, Yao Xue-Feng, Li Chao

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problems of low detection efficiency and poor accuracy of existing automatic detection methods for egg defect images. Methods: Based on the egg detection system, an improved YOLOv5 automatic detection model was proposed. Added the lightweight network MobileNetv3 to YOLOv5 model to reduce the complexity of the model, and deleted the neck network and small target detection at the output end. Results: Compared with the traditional control method, this method can detect the surface defects of egg targets more accurately and efficiently, with the complexity of more than 35% reducing, the detection time of …

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Effect Of Irradiation On Active Components Of Rhodiola Rosea Extracts And Their Hypoglycemic Ability, Qu Meng, Chang Yan-Qiu, Qi Xin, Cui Cheng-Bi Dec 2022

Effect Of Irradiation On Active Components Of Rhodiola Rosea Extracts And Their Hypoglycemic Ability, Qu Meng, Chang Yan-Qiu, Qi Xin, Cui Cheng-Bi

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to study the changes of active components in irradiated Rhodiola rosea extracts (RRE) and their hypoglycemic effect. Methods: Rhodiola rosea was irradiated with 60Co-γ rays at doses of 5, 10, 20 and 30 kGy, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze RRE compounds before (0 kGy) and after irradiation. The type 1 diabetic mouse models established by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) were given a gavage. The body weight, fasting blood glucose, food intake and water intake of mice were measured regularly. Oral glucose tolerance was measured on the last day, …

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Extraction Process, Structural Characteristics And Biological Activity Of Mesona Chinensis Polysaccharide, Dong Wei, Ma Sheng-Jian, Guo Jun-Xian, Luo Hao, Tao Mei-Hua Dec 2022

Extraction Process, Structural Characteristics And Biological Activity Of Mesona Chinensis Polysaccharide, Dong Wei, Ma Sheng-Jian, Guo Jun-Xian, Luo Hao, Tao Mei-Hua

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study focused on improving the extraction rate and application of Mesona chinensis polysaccharide (MCP). Methods: MCP was obtained from fresh M. chinensis by thermally alkaline extraction, protein removal by trichloroacetic acid and purification by dialysis bag. The chemical structure was analyzed by ultraviolet and infrared spectrum scanning, X-ray diffraction and SEM scanning. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity was determined by antibacterial experiment. Results: The optimal extraction conditions of MCP were solid-liquid ratio of 1∶5.47 (g/mL), soaking time of 10.71 min, sodium bicarbonate concentration of 1.64%. Under …

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Analysis Of Protein Extraction And Antioxidant Activity Of Enzymatic Hydrolysates From Scallop Processing By-Products, Guo Yu, Wen Shi-Yu, Ni Ce, Ou Xiao-Hui, Qu Ting-Min, Wu Ying, He Shu-Wen, Li Hong-Hui, Cui Bo, Cheng Yun-Hui, Wen Li Dec 2022

Analysis Of Protein Extraction And Antioxidant Activity Of Enzymatic Hydrolysates From Scallop Processing By-Products, Guo Yu, Wen Shi-Yu, Ni Ce, Ou Xiao-Hui, Qu Ting-Min, Wu Ying, He Shu-Wen, Li Hong-Hui, Cui Bo, Cheng Yun-Hui, Wen Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to improve the utilization value of scallop processing by-products, by analyzing the antioxidant activity of its protein hydrolysates. Methods: The processing by-products of Argopecten irradians were used as raw materials, and the proteins were extracted by alkali extraction and acid precipitation, alkali extraction and ammonium sulfate precipitation and low temperature ethanol denaturation precipitation. Then the proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Pepsin, flavourzyme, dispase and alcalase were used to hydrolyze the protein, and the antioxidant activities of the hydrolysate products were analyzed. The molecular weight distribution, amino acid composition and hydroxyproline content of dispase hydrolysates …

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Effect Of Spray Drying On The Functional Properties Of Egg Yolk Powder, Ang Yuan, Duan Xu, Cao Wei-Wei, Ren Guang-Yue, Wang Zhe, Li Lin-Lin Dec 2022

Effect Of Spray Drying On The Functional Properties Of Egg Yolk Powder, Ang Yuan, Duan Xu, Cao Wei-Wei, Ren Guang-Yue, Wang Zhe, Li Lin-Lin

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to develop the application of egg yolk powder in the field of feed, functional food and biopharmaceuticals. Methods: Using fresh eggs as raw materials, yolk powder was prepared by spray drying, and the effects of different parameters on the content of yolk antibody (IgY), protein structure and functional properties of egg yolk powder were analyzed. Results: Considering the antibody content, physicochemical properties and functional properties of egg yolk powder comprehensively, when the inlet air temperature was 140 ℃ and the feed flow rate was 600 mL/h, the IgY content of egg yolk powder …

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Effects Of Typical Hot Processing On The Quality Of Chestnut, Zhou Kui, Li Ming-Juan, Zhang Ya-Yuan, Zhou Qing Dec 2022

Effects Of Typical Hot Processing On The Quality Of Chestnut, Zhou Kui, Li Ming-Juan, Zhang Ya-Yuan, Zhou Qing

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to explore the appropriate cooking method of chestnut. Methods: Nine kinds of thermal treatment on the quality of chestnut were compared. The thermal treatment included chestnut fruit (roasting, cooking without water under normal-pressure, cooking within water under normal-pressure, cooking without water under high-pressure, cooking within water under high-pressure) and chestnut kernel (cooking without water under normal-pressure, cooking within water under normal-pressure, cooking without water under high-pressure, cooking within water under high-pressure). Results: The content of starch and polyphenols in chestnut were decreased by the nine kinds of thermal treatment, while the amylose content …

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Progress In The Analysis And Detection Of Steroidal Hormones In Royal Jelly, Li Zheng, Yang Jing, Jiao Li-Li, Li Hui, Wu Wei Dec 2022

Progress In The Analysis And Detection Of Steroidal Hormones In Royal Jelly, Li Zheng, Yang Jing, Jiao Li-Li, Li Hui, Wu Wei

Food and Machinery

The rapid determination of steroidal hormones and their contents in royal jelly by molecular imprinting and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was reviewed. The research progress of liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, QuECHERS and other pretreatment methods, as well as HPLC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment methods and analytical methods were analyzed and compared. Finally, the feasibility of using molecular imprinting technology and HPLC-MS to detect steroid hormones in royal jelly was prospected.

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Research Progress On New Extraction Technologies And Bioactivities Of Flavonoids From Orange, Liu Dan, Guo Huan, Wu Di, Gan Ren-You Dec 2022

Research Progress On New Extraction Technologies And Bioactivities Of Flavonoids From Orange, Liu Dan, Guo Huan, Wu Di, Gan Ren-You

Food and Machinery

The new extraction technologies of citrus flavonoids in recent five years were reviewed, including low eutectic solvent extraction, subcritical fluid extraction and magnetic molecular blot selective extraction.the bioactivities and mechanisms of citrus flavonoids, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer, intestinal protection, cardiovascular protection, liver protection and neuroprotection, were also expounded, and suggestions for further study of citrus flavonoids were proposed.

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Research Progress Of Mushroom Sauce, Chen Jing, Tang Hao-Guo, Wang Jia-Kang, Yang Tong-Xiang, Ma Li-Ping Dec 2022

Research Progress Of Mushroom Sauce, Chen Jing, Tang Hao-Guo, Wang Jia-Kang, Yang Tong-Xiang, Ma Li-Ping

Food and Machinery

This review summarized the research achievements of mushroom sauce in recent years, from the aspects of raw and auxiliary materials selection, formula, and process research, analysis and testing, existing problems, and prospected the raw material quality and nutrition safety detection.

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Research Progress Of Plant-Based Meat Products, Dou Kang-Ning, Zhao Yong-Gan, Jin Shao-Ju, Li Chao-Min, Deng Tong-Xing, Zhao Zhi-Jun Dec 2022

Research Progress Of Plant-Based Meat Products, Dou Kang-Ning, Zhao Yong-Gan, Jin Shao-Ju, Li Chao-Min, Deng Tong-Xing, Zhao Zhi-Jun

Food and Machinery

The concept, raw materials, technology, texture, sensory, nutrition, market, patent and safety of plant-based meat products were reviewed, and the achievements and shortcomings of the development of plant-based meat products were summarized. It is indicated that the next researching should be done from the protein types of raw materials, protein molecular modification, texturized protein production technology, genetic engineering technology transformation, etc.

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Analysis Of Regulatory Element Variation In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Evin Mitchel Padhi Dec 2022

Analysis Of Regulatory Element Variation In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Evin Mitchel Padhi

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that affects over 2% of the population. Studies of this disorder have demonstrated that genetics plays a strong role in the underlying etiology and over the past decade, substantial progress has been made in elucidating the genetic architecture. Large-scale studies have now been conducted to identify the genes involved in the genetic architecture by analyzing data from over 40,000 probands. However, the identification and characterization of regulatory elements involved have remained non-trivial for many reasons. Generally, studies that have analyzed whole genome sequencing (WGS) have demonstrated enrichment of de novo …

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Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa Mandarinia Smith), Lori R. Spears, Carson Wise, Ryan Davis Dec 2022

Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa Mandarinia Smith), Lori R. Spears, Carson Wise, Ryan Davis

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes Asian giant hornet and reviews similar-looking insects, its life cycle, predatory strategies, monitoring and management, and the related public health concerns.

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Review Of The Physical And Chemical Properties Of Seagrass Soils, Nerea Piñeiro-Juncal, Oscar Serrano, Miguel Ángel Mateo, Elena Diaz-Almela, Carmen Leiva-Dueñas, Antonio Martinez-Cortizas Dec 2022

Review Of The Physical And Chemical Properties Of Seagrass Soils, Nerea Piñeiro-Juncal, Oscar Serrano, Miguel Ángel Mateo, Elena Diaz-Almela, Carmen Leiva-Dueñas, Antonio Martinez-Cortizas

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Seagrasses are a polyphyletic group of angiosperms that colonized marine environments more than 30 million years ago and currently inhabit coastal soft and rocky substrates in all continents except Antarctica. Due to their evolution from terrestrial plants, seagrasses have belowground organs that interact with the substrate, transforming it through chemo-physical processes analogous to terrestrial soil formation. Although seagrass substrates provide valuable ecosystem services including carbon and coastal stabilization, they have been largely regarded as sediments by marine scientists and neglected in soil science research. However, over the last decades, the increasing interest in carbon accumulation by seagrasses has generated multiple …

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Functional Analysis Of Recurrent Non-Coding Variants In Human Melanoma, Paula Maria Godoy Dec 2022

Functional Analysis Of Recurrent Non-Coding Variants In Human Melanoma, Paula Maria Godoy

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Worldwide incidence rates of cutaneous melanoma are increasing, and while survival rates for early stages of melanoma are high, rates drop precipitously for metastatic melanomas or those that are unable to be targeted by currently available treatments. As melanomas have a propensity to quickly metastasize, understanding the contributions of melanoma initiation remains critical for early intervention. Onset of melanoma is characterized most by mutations that stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, disrupt DNA damage checkpoints, and trigger mechanisms to bypass senescence through elongation of telomeres. Additionally, in zebrafish melanoma models, the earliest cluster of melanoma-initiating cells activate expression of a …

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The Bidirectional Relationship Between The Circadian Clock And Alzheimer’S Disease, Patrick Sheehan Dec 2022

The Bidirectional Relationship Between The Circadian Clock And Alzheimer’S Disease, Patrick Sheehan

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The circadian clock and inflammation have a well-described bidirectional relationship in the peripheral immune system: the circadian clock regulates inflammatory responses, but inflammation also impacts oscillatory gene transcription controlled by the clock. The purpose of this thesis work is to understand if manipulation of the circadian clock can impact Alzheimer’s disease pathology, and if pathology itself can alter the circadian clock and its outputs. Here, I show that astrocyte-specific disruption of the circadian clock via deletion of the clock gene Bmal1 surprisingly decreased intra-neuronal protein pathologies. Further investigation found that deletion of the circadian clock resulted in a transcriptomic profile …

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Using Proteomics To Discover New Connections In The Arabidopsis Circadian Clock, Maria Lynn Sorkin Dec 2022

Using Proteomics To Discover New Connections In The Arabidopsis Circadian Clock, Maria Lynn Sorkin

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The plant circadian clock is an endogenous timekeeping mechanism that uses daylength and temperature cycles to synchronize internal physiology with the external environment. Much of our understanding of the clock in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana comes from genetic approaches. In this thesis, I use affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (APMS) to identify protein-protein interactions for core clock components on a proteomic scale. I developed and optimized a protocol to perform APMS on a core set of circadian clock proteins: CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1), LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY), PSEUDORESPONSE REGULATOR 5 (PRR5), PRR7, PRR9, TIMING OF CAB 1 …

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Bioinformatics And Cancer Genomics Approaches To Advance Precision Medicine And Elucidate Tumor Mutational Landscapes, Kelsy Cotto Dec 2022

Bioinformatics And Cancer Genomics Approaches To Advance Precision Medicine And Elucidate Tumor Mutational Landscapes, Kelsy Cotto

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Next-generation sequencing of DNA and RNA continues to be integrated into pre-clinical and clinical research. However, challenges still remain that impede the translation of findings into an improved understanding of human diseases or clinically actionable alterations. The projects described in this dissertation start with compiling efforts from experts who have identified druggable genes within the human genome, followed by in-depth analyses which characterize the pan-cancer landscape of splice-associated mutations and noncoding, regulatory mutations across multiple subtypes of breast cancer. In Chapters 2 and 3, substantial efforts were made to update the content and the user experience for the drug-gene interaction …

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Characterizing Complex Affective Processing Across Age And In Relation To Social Anxiety Symptoms, M. Catalina Camacho Dec 2022

Characterizing Complex Affective Processing Across Age And In Relation To Social Anxiety Symptoms, M. Catalina Camacho

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Humans require a shared understanding of others’ emotions for adaptive social functioning. For instance, if someone tells a joke and another person laughs, we assume the laughing person was happy because we have a shared concept for such positive interactions. Children develop and refine these concepts as they grow up, but the underlying neural processing that supports this development is unknown. Identifying the neurodevelopment underlying emotion processing could provide important insight to emotional disorders. For example, social anxiety is associated differences in the detection and interpretation of negative or neutral emotional cues, but the underlying neurodevelopment of this behavior is …

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Host Development And Microbiota Influences On Norovirus Infection, Elizabeth Alexandra Kennedy Dec 2022

Host Development And Microbiota Influences On Norovirus Infection, Elizabeth Alexandra Kennedy

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The mammalian gut is a complex organ which changes over the course of development and is influenced by the presence of a dense community of gut-resident microbes. Enteric viruses infect the gastrointestinal tract in the context of the commensal microbiota and host immunity. Here, we dissect the influence of host developmental stage and the gut microbiota in norovirus infection. From this work, we determine that murine norovirus (MNoV) infection in early life is restricted by an absence of the target MNoV cell tuft cells and intact interferon (IFN) signaling. However, viral inoculum taken up by non-specific endocytosis in the neonatal …

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