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- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (13)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (12)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (5)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- Atlantic Bluefin Tuna; Line Simulation Characteristics; System Temperature-Changes; Eastern Pacific-Ocean; Archival Tag Data; Yellowfin Tuna; Thunnus-Albacares; Minimum Zones; Katsuwonus-Pelamis; Pelagic Fishes (1)
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- Atlantic coastal sharks; Early life history; Generalized linear models; GLMs; MARSS-1; Multivariate first-order autoregressive state-space model (1)
- Blue crab · Ontogenetic shift · Trade-offs (1)
- Bocas Del Toro; Ocean Acidification; Marine Communities; Climate-Change; Water-Quality; Phase-Shifts; Fish Kill; Hypoxia; Panama; Lagoons (1)
- Bottom-up controls (1)
- CCRM Peer Reviewed Articles (1)
- Changjiang Estuary; Optical Backscatter; Settling Velocity; Floc Size; Sensor; Transport; River (1)
- Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Coastal wetlands; disease ecology; eutrophication; fertilizer; host traits; intertidal (1)
- Cod Gadus-Morhua; Micropterus-Salmoides Lacepede; Plaice Pleuronectes-Platessa; Bass Dicentrarchus-Labrax; Herring Clupea-Harengus; Liver-Somatic Index; Largemouth Bass; Body-Composition; Atlantic Salmon; Proximate Composition (1)
- Crassostrea virginica · Reef height · Sedimentation · Thresholds · Alternative stable states · Oyster reef · Restoration (1)
- DFA (1)
- Density-Dependent Predation; Crabs Callinectes-Sapidus; Macoma-Balthica; Blue Crabs; Community Structure; Chesapeake Bay; Wadden Sea; Bottom-Up; Top-Down; Exploitation Ecosystems (1)
- Disease ecology; epidemiology; epizootic shell disease; fisheries; Hematodinium sp.; mark-recapture; mortality; mycobacteria (1)
- Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Net Ecosystem Metabolism; Organic-Carbon; Seasonal Variability; Coastal Waters; North-Carolina; Flushing Times; Dioxide; Balance; Cycle (1)
- Dominant C-4 Grass; Tallgrass Prairie; Temporal Stability; Climate Extremes; Biodiversity; Productivity; Diversity; Precipitation; Variability; Disturbance (1)
- Dynamic factor analysis (1)
- Ecosystem-based management (1)
- Estuary (1)
- Extinction risk (1)
- Fish condition (1)
- Fish; Program (1)
- Fisheries (1)
- Gastropods (1)
- Global change (1)
- Habitat use (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Performance Of A Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag For Assessing Post-Release Mortality Of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Caught In The Us East Coast Light-Tackle Recreational Fishery, William M. Goldsmith, Andrew M. Scheld, John Graves
Performance Of A Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag For Assessing Post-Release Mortality Of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Caught In The Us East Coast Light-Tackle Recreational Fishery, William M. Goldsmith, Andrew M. Scheld, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) are a valuable tool for estimating mortality of pelagic fishes released from commercial and recreational fishing gears. However, the high cost of PSATs limits sample sizes, resulting in low-precision post-release mortality estimates with little management applicability. We evaluate the performance of a lower-cost PSAT designed to enable large-scale post-release mortality studies. The tag uses solar rather than battery power, does not include a depth sensor, and transmits daily summaries of light and temperature data rather than high-resolution habitat profiles, contributing to a substantially lower per-unit price. We assessed the tag’s ability to detect mortality while …
Reef Height Drives Threshold Dynamics Of Restored Oyster Reefs, Allison M. Colden, Robert J. Latour, Rom Lipcius
Reef Height Drives Threshold Dynamics Of Restored Oyster Reefs, Allison M. Colden, Robert J. Latour, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Nonlinear threshold responses to biotic or abiotic forcing may produce multiple population trajectories dependent upon initial conditions, which can reinforce population recovery or drive local ex - tinction, yet experimental tests of this phenomenon are lacking in marine ecosystems. In field experiments at 4 sites in 2 tributaries of lower Chesapeake Bay, we examined demographic responses (density and survival) of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica populations to reef height and associated gradients in sediment deposition and habitat complexity. After 2 yr, oyster reefs exhibited diverging trajectories to ward either degradation or persistence, dependent upon initial reef height. Reefs higher than 0.3 …
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
VIMS Articles
Parasitism is a fundamental ecological interaction. Yet we understand relatively little about the ecological role of parasites compared to the role of free-living organisms. Bottom-up theory predicts that resource enhancement will increase the abundance and biomass of free-living organisms. Similarly, parasite abundance and biomass should increase in an ecosystem with resource enhancement. We tested this hypothesis in a landscape-level experiment in which salt marshes (60,000 m2 each) received elevated nutrient concentrations via flooding tidal waters for 11 yr to mimic eutrophication. Nutrient enrichment elevated the densities of the talitrid amphipod, Orchestia grillus, and the density and biomass of its …
Impact Of Disease On The Survival Of Three Commercially Fished Species, John M. Hoenig, Maya L. Groner, Matthew W. Smith, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, David M. Taylor, Donald F. Landers, John T. Swenarton, David T. Gauthier, Philip W. Sadler, Mark A. Matsche, Ashley N. Haines, Hamish J. Small, Roger Pradel, Remi Choquet, Jeffrey D. Shields
Impact Of Disease On The Survival Of Three Commercially Fished Species, John M. Hoenig, Maya L. Groner, Matthew W. Smith, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, David M. Taylor, Donald F. Landers, John T. Swenarton, David T. Gauthier, Philip W. Sadler, Mark A. Matsche, Ashley N. Haines, Hamish J. Small, Roger Pradel, Remi Choquet, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Recent increases in emergent infectious diseases have raised concerns about the sustainability of some marine species. The complexity and expense of studying diseases in marine systems often dictate that conservation and management decisions are made without quantitative data on population-level impacts of disease. Mark-recapture is a powerful, underutilized, tool for calculating impacts of disease on population size and structure, even in the absence of etiological information. We applied logistic regression models to mark-recapture data to obtain estimates of disease-associated mortality rates in three commercially important marine species: snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in Newfoundland, Canada, that experience sporadic epizootics of bitter …
Community Interactions And Density Dependence In The Southeast United States Coastal Shark Complex, Cassidy D. Peterson, Kristene D. Parsons, Dana M. Bethea, William B. Driggers Iii, Robert J. Latour
Community Interactions And Density Dependence In The Southeast United States Coastal Shark Complex, Cassidy D. Peterson, Kristene D. Parsons, Dana M. Bethea, William B. Driggers Iii, Robert J. Latour
VIMS Articles
Studies aiming to assess intra- and interspecies community relationships in marine habitats are typically limited to accessible, nearshore areas of restricted temporal and spatial scale, within which only segments of the populations of interest are available. Using multivariate first-order auto regressive state-space (MARSS-1) models, we estimated measures of interspecies interactions and density dependence of 7 Atlantic coastal shark species (4 large and 3 small coastal sharks) at 2 spatial scales. Localized analyses were based on data from 4 relatively spatially limited, fishery-independent surveys conducted along the southeast US Atlantic coast and within the Gulf of Mexico. We then compared these …
Spatiotemporal Trends And Drivers Of Fish Condition In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek
Spatiotemporal Trends And Drivers Of Fish Condition In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek
VIMS Articles
Measures of condition in fishes are often used to assess the general well-being of fish populations since condition reflects the biotic and abiotic factors experienced by individuals over moderate time scales. Fish condition can also be used as an indicator of ecosystem suitability in the context of ecosystem-based management. From an ecosystem perspective, evaluation of fish condition is best described over multiple spatiotemporal scales and in a multi-species context. This study analyzed 14 yr (2002-2015) of fisheries-independent trawl survey data to evaluate trends in condition for 16 demersal fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the USA. Seasonal and …
Sea Level Rise May Increase Extinction Risk Of A Saltmarsh Ontogenetic Habitat Specialist, David S. Johnson, Bethany L. Williams
Sea Level Rise May Increase Extinction Risk Of A Saltmarsh Ontogenetic Habitat Specialist, David S. Johnson, Bethany L. Williams
VIMS Articles
Specialist species are more vulnerable to environmental change than generalist species. For species with ontogenetic niche shifts, specialization may occur at a particular life stage making those stages more susceptible to environmental change. In the salt marshes in the northeast U.S., accelerated sea level rise is shifting vegetation patterns from flood-intolerant species such as Spartina patens to the flood-tolerant Spartina alterniflora. We tested the potential impact of this change on the coffee bean snail, Melampus bidentatus, a numerically dominant benthic invertebrate with an ontogenetic niche shift. From a survey of eight marshes throughout the northeast U.S., small snails …
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
VIMS Articles
Oyster populations in Virginia's waters of Chesapeake Bay were lightly exploited until the early 1800s, when industrial fishery vessels first arrived, driven south from New England due to the collapse of northeastern oyster fisheries. Early signs of overexploitation and habitat degradation were evident by the 1850s. The public fishery, where oyster fishers harvest on state-owned bottom, rapidly developed after the Civil War and peaked in the early 1880s. Declines were noted by the late 1880s and eventually prompted the creation of Virginia's shell-planting and oyster-seed (young-of-the-year, YOY) moving repletion program in the 1920s. Despite management and increasing repletion efforts, the …
Projections Of Climate-Driven Changes In Tuna Vertical Habitat Based On Species-Specific Differences In Blood Oxygen Affinity, Kas Mislan, Ca Deutsch, Richard Brill, Jp Dunne, Jl Sarmiento
Projections Of Climate-Driven Changes In Tuna Vertical Habitat Based On Species-Specific Differences In Blood Oxygen Affinity, Kas Mislan, Ca Deutsch, Richard Brill, Jp Dunne, Jl Sarmiento
VIMS Articles
Oxygen concentrations are hypothesized to decrease in many areas of the ocean as a result of anthropogenically driven climate change, resulting in habitat compression for pelagic animals. The oxygen partial pressure, pO(2), at which blood is 50% saturated (P-50) is a measure of blood oxygen affinity and a gauge of the tolerance of animals for low ambient oxygen. Tuna species display a wide range of blood oxygen affinities (i.e., P-50 values) and therefore may be differentially impacted by habitat compression as they make extensive vertical movements to forage on subdaily time scales. To project the effects of end-of-the-century climate change …
Vaccine Effects On Heterogeneity In Susceptibility And Implications For Population Health Management, Ke Langwig, Ar Wargo, Dr Jones, Jr Viss, Bj Rutan, Et Al.
Vaccine Effects On Heterogeneity In Susceptibility And Implications For Population Health Management, Ke Langwig, Ar Wargo, Dr Jones, Jr Viss, Bj Rutan, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Heterogeneity in host susceptibility is a key determinant of infectious disease dynamics but is rarely accounted for in assessment of disease control measures. Understanding how susceptibility is distributed in populations, and how control measures change this distribution, is integral to predicting the course of epidemics with and without interventions. Using multiple experimental and modeling approaches, we show that rainbow trout have relatively homogeneous susceptibility to infection with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and that vaccination increases heterogeneity in susceptibility in a nearly all-or-nothing fashion. In a simple transmission model with an R-0 of 2, the highly heterogeneous vaccine protection would cause …
Advancing The Link Between Ocean Connectivity, Ecological Function And Management Challenges, M Hidalgo, Dm Kaplan, La Kerr, Jr Watson, Cb Paris, Hi Browman
Advancing The Link Between Ocean Connectivity, Ecological Function And Management Challenges, M Hidalgo, Dm Kaplan, La Kerr, Jr Watson, Cb Paris, Hi Browman
VIMS Articles
Ocean connectivity is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field of research in marine science, partly because there is an increasing demand for information on connectivity that informs effective assessment and management of marine resources. Achieving this will require a better alignment between ocean connectivity tools and developments and the needs and challenges of assessments and conservation. For these reasons, the ICES Journal of Marine Science solicited contributions to the article theme set (TS), "Beyond ocean connectivity." We briefly summarize the nine articles that appear herein, grouping them into four general topics: methodological advances, population dynamics and assessment implications of connectivity, …
Ghost Of Invasion Past: Legacy Effects On Community Disassembly Following Eradication Of An Invasive Ecosystem Engineer, Pl Reynolds, J Glanz, S Yang, C Hann, J Couture, E Grosholz
Ghost Of Invasion Past: Legacy Effects On Community Disassembly Following Eradication Of An Invasive Ecosystem Engineer, Pl Reynolds, J Glanz, S Yang, C Hann, J Couture, E Grosholz
VIMS Articles
By changing ecosystem processes and altering the physical landscape, invasive ecosystem engineers can have substantial impacts on ecosystem functions and human economies and may facilitate other non-native species. Eradication programs in terrestrial and aquatic systems aim to reverse the impacts of invasive species and return the system to its pre-invasion conditions. Despite an extensive focus on the impacts of both native and non-native ecosystem engineers, the consequences of removing invasive ecosystem engineers, particularly in coastal ecosystems, are largely unknown. In this study, we quantified changes in a benthic community following the eradication of the invasive ecosystem engineer, hybrid cordgrass Spartina, …
Assessing Water Quality Of The Chesapeake Bay By The Impact Of Sea Level Rise And Warming, P Wang, L Linker, Harry V. Wang, G Bhatt, G Yactayo, K Hinson, R Tian
Assessing Water Quality Of The Chesapeake Bay By The Impact Of Sea Level Rise And Warming, P Wang, L Linker, Harry V. Wang, G Bhatt, G Yactayo, K Hinson, R Tian
VIMS Articles
The influence of sea level rise and warming on circulation and water quality of the Chesapeake Bay under projected climate conditions in 2050 were estimated by computer simulation. Four estuarine circulation scenarios in the estuary were run using the same watershed load in 1991-2000 period. They are, 1) the Base Scenario, which represents the current climate condition, 2) a Sea Level Rise Scenario, 3) a Warming Scenario, and 4) a combined Sea Level Rise and Warming Scenario. With a 1.6-1.9 degrees C increase in monthly air temperatures in the Warming Scenario, water temperature in the Bay is estimated to increase …
Modeling The Habitat Distribution Of Spiny Dogfish (Squalus Acanthias), By Sex, In Coastal Waters Of The Northeastern United States, Andrea Dell'apa, Maria G. Pennino, Christopher F. Bonzek
Modeling The Habitat Distribution Of Spiny Dogfish (Squalus Acanthias), By Sex, In Coastal Waters Of The Northeastern United States, Andrea Dell'apa, Maria G. Pennino, Christopher F. Bonzek
VIMS Articles
A hierarchical Bayesian approach was used to model the spatiotemporal habitat distribution of spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) of both sexes (adults) caught during trawl surveys conducted by the Northeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program in inshore coastal waters between New England and North Carolina during 2007-2013. The best model for predicting catch per unit of effort (CPUE) for this species includes the following relevant variables: bathymetry, sea surface temperature, salinity, chlorophyll- a (chl-a) concentration, season and time of survey, and a random spatial effect for both sexes. Predicted CPUE was related to depth for both sexes; females occurred in shallower …
Abundance And Local-Scale Processes Contribute To Multi-Phyla Gradients In Global Marine Diversity, Gj Edgar, Tj Alexander, Js Lefcheck, Ae Bates, Sj Kininmonth, Et Al.
Abundance And Local-Scale Processes Contribute To Multi-Phyla Gradients In Global Marine Diversity, Gj Edgar, Tj Alexander, Js Lefcheck, Ae Bates, Sj Kininmonth, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Among themost enduring ecological challenges is an integrated theory explaining the latitudinal biodiversity gradient, including discrepancies observed at different spatial scales. Analysis of Reef Life Survey data for 4127 marine species at 2406 coral and rocky sites worldwide confirms that the total ecoregion richness peaks in low latitudes, near +15 degrees N and -15 degrees S. However, although richness at survey sites is maximal near the equator for vertebrates, it peaks at high latitudes for large mobile invertebrates. Site richness for different groups is dependent on abundance, which is in turn correlated with temperature for fishes and nutrients for macroinvertebrates. …
Ensemble Modeling Informs Hypoxia Management In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, D Scavia, I Bertani, Dr Obenour, Re Turner, David R. Forrest, A Katin
Ensemble Modeling Informs Hypoxia Management In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, D Scavia, I Bertani, Dr Obenour, Re Turner, David R. Forrest, A Katin
VIMS Articles
A large region of low-dissolved-oxygen bottom waters (hypoxia) forms nearly every summer in the northern Gulf of Mexico because of nutrient inputs from theMississippi River Basin andwater column stratification. Policymakers developed goals to reduce the area of hypoxic extent because of its ecological, economic, and commercial fisheries impacts. However, the goals remain elusive after 30 y of research and monitoring and 15 y of goal-setting and assessment because there has been little change in river nitrogen concentrations. An intergovernmental Task Force recently extended to 2035 the deadline for achieving the goal of a 5,000-km(2) 5-y average hypoxic zone and set …
Lateral Vegetation Growth Rates Exert Control On Coastal Foredune "Hummockiness" And Coalescing Time, Eb Goldstein, Lj Moore, Od Vinent
Lateral Vegetation Growth Rates Exert Control On Coastal Foredune "Hummockiness" And Coalescing Time, Eb Goldstein, Lj Moore, Od Vinent
VIMS Articles
Coastal foredunes form along sandy, low-sloped coastlines and range in shape from continuous dune ridges to hummocky features, which are characterized by alongshore-variable dune crest elevations. Initially scattered dune-building plants and species that grow slowly in the lateral direction have been implicated as a cause of foredune "hummockiness". Our goal in this work is to explore how the initial configuration of vegetation and vegetation growth characteristics control the development of hummocky coastal dunes including the maximum hummockiness of a given dune field. We find that given sufficient time and absent external forcing, hummocky foredunes coalesce to form continuous dune ridges. …
Chemical And Photophysiological Impact Of Terrestrially-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter On Nitrate Uptake In The Coastal Western Arctic, Rachel E. Sipler, Se Baer, Tl Connelly, Me Frischer, Qn Roberts, Pl Yager, Da Bronk
Chemical And Photophysiological Impact Of Terrestrially-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter On Nitrate Uptake In The Coastal Western Arctic, Rachel E. Sipler, Se Baer, Tl Connelly, Me Frischer, Qn Roberts, Pl Yager, Da Bronk
VIMS Articles
The Arctic is warming at a rate nearly twice the global average, leading to thawing permafrost, increased coastal erosion, and enhanced delivery of riverine terrestrially-derived dissolved organic matter (tDOM) to coastal waters. This humic-rich tDOM has the ability to attenuate light required for photosynthesis and stimulate heterotrophic growth by supplying a source of labile organic carbon. Due to tDOM's high carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratio, additional nitrogen is required for microorganisms to utilize this excess carbon for growth, thus exacerbating competition between autotrophs and heterotrophs for limiting nutrients and potentially reducing primary production. The effect of Arctic tDOM …
Tropical Dead Zones And Mass Mortalities On Coral Reefs, Ah Altieri, Sb Harrison, J Seemann, R Collin, R. J. Diaz, N Knowlton
Tropical Dead Zones And Mass Mortalities On Coral Reefs, Ah Altieri, Sb Harrison, J Seemann, R Collin, R. J. Diaz, N Knowlton
VIMS Articles
Degradation of coastal water quality in the form of low dissolved oxygen levels (hypoxia) can harm biodiversity, ecosystem function, and human wellbeing. Extreme hypoxic conditions along the coast, leading to what are often referred to as "dead zones," are known primarily from temperate regions. However, little is known about the potential threat of hypoxia in the tropics, even though the known risk factors, including eutrophication and elevated temperatures, are common. Here we document an unprecedented hypoxic event on the Caribbean coast of Panama and assess the risk of dead zones to coral reefs worldwide. The event caused coral bleaching and …
Behavioral Analysis Of Microphallus Turgidus Cercariae In Relation To Microhabitat Of Two Host Grass Shrimp Species (Palaemonetes Spp.), Pa O'Leary, Oj Pung
Behavioral Analysis Of Microphallus Turgidus Cercariae In Relation To Microhabitat Of Two Host Grass Shrimp Species (Palaemonetes Spp.), Pa O'Leary, Oj Pung
VIMS Articles
The behavior of Microphallus turgidus cercariae was examined and compared to microhabitat selection of the second intermediate hosts of the parasite, Palaemonetes spp. grass shrimp. Cercariae were tested for photokinetic and geotactic responses, and a behavioral ethogram was established for cercariae in control and grass shrimp-conditioned brackish water. Photo kinesis trials were performed using a half-covered Petri dish, and geotaxis trials used a graduated cylinder. Both photokinesis and geotaxis trials were performed in lighted and unlighted conditions. In 9 of 10 photokinesis experiments, over half of the cercariae swam horizontally under the covered half of a Petri dish in both …
Linking The Abundance Of Estuarine Fish And Crustaceans In Nearshore Waters To Shoreline Hardening And Land Cover, Ms Kornis, D Breitburg, R Balouskus, Donna M. Bilkovic, La Davias, Rochelle D. Seitz, Et Al.
Linking The Abundance Of Estuarine Fish And Crustaceans In Nearshore Waters To Shoreline Hardening And Land Cover, Ms Kornis, D Breitburg, R Balouskus, Donna M. Bilkovic, La Davias, Rochelle D. Seitz, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Human alteration of land cover (e.g., urban and agricultural land use) and shoreline hardening (e.g., bulkheading and rip rap revetment) are intensifying due to increasing human populations and sea level rise. Fishes and crustaceans that are ecologically and economically valuable to coastal systems may be affected by these changes, but direct links between these stressors and faunal populations have been elusive at large spatial scales. We examined nearshore abundance patterns of 15 common taxa across gradients of urban and agricultural land cover as well as wetland and hardened shoreline in tributary subestuaries of the Chesapeake Bay and Delaware Coastal Bays. …
Mechanisms Governing Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts: Role Of Trade-Offs, Predation, And Cannibalism For The Blue Crab, Amanda Bromilow, Romauld Lipcius
Mechanisms Governing Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts: Role Of Trade-Offs, Predation, And Cannibalism For The Blue Crab, Amanda Bromilow, Romauld Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Nursery habitats play a major role in the population dynamics of marine and estuarine species, with the blue crab Callinectes sapidus serving as a model invertebrate. The current paradigm of blue crab habitat use postulates that juvenile survival decreases with size in submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) due to a reduction in suitably scaled refuge, triggering an ontogenetic shift from SAV to unvegetated habitats. However, alternative mechanisms for this habitat shift have not been examined. We evaluated the paradigm of blue crab habitat use by conducting field tethering experiments in York River (Virginia, USA) nursery habitats using a broad range of …
Recovery Of Visual Function In Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis) After Exposure To Bright Light, Christopher Magel, Clifford Ryer, Richard Brill
Recovery Of Visual Function In Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis) After Exposure To Bright Light, Christopher Magel, Clifford Ryer, Richard Brill
VIMS Articles
Commercial fishing exposes Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) to a myriad of stressors during capture, processing, and discarding, including exposure to direct sunlight that causes diminished retinal sensitivity. It is unknown, however, whether recovery occurs. We therefore employed both electroretinography and a behavioral assay to measure recovery of retinal sensitivity and visual function in halibut exposed to 15 min of simulated sunlight. We used electroretinography to measure changes in retinal light sensitivity after recovery periods of 2, 4, 6 and 10 weeks and a behavioral assay to measure responsiveness to simulated prey (i.e., in behavioral trials) to measure visual function after …
Comparisons Of Different Instruments For Measuring Suspended Cohesive Sediment Concentrations, Yy Shao, Jpy Maa
Comparisons Of Different Instruments For Measuring Suspended Cohesive Sediment Concentrations, Yy Shao, Jpy Maa
VIMS Articles
Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the performances of four different instruments for measuring suspended cohesive sediment concentrations (SSCs). Among these instruments, two were different models of optical backscatter sensor (i.e., OBS3+ and OBS5+), one was an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (MicroADV), and the last was a laser infrared optical sensor developed at Hohai University, China (HHU-LIOS). Sediments collected from the Yangtze River Estuary and a commercially available kaolinite were selected to check the responses of these four instruments. They were placed in an aqueous solution, and the SSCs were changed within a range from about 10 mg/L to 30 g/L …
Asynchrony Among Local Communities Stabilises Ecosystem Function Of Metacommunities, Kr Wilcox, At Tredennick, Se Koerner, E Grman, Lm Hallett, David S. Johnson, Et Al.
Asynchrony Among Local Communities Stabilises Ecosystem Function Of Metacommunities, Kr Wilcox, At Tredennick, Se Koerner, E Grman, Lm Hallett, David S. Johnson, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Temporal stability of ecosystem functioning increases the predictability and reliability of ecosystem services, and understanding the drivers of stability across spatial scales is important for land management and policy decisions. We used species-level abundance data from 62 plant communities across five continents to assess mechanisms of temporal stability across spatial scales. We assessed how asynchrony (i.e. different units responding dissimilarly through time) of species and local communities stabilised metacommunity ecosystem function. Asynchrony of species increased stability of local communities, and asynchrony among local communities enhanced metacommunity stability by a wide range of magnitudes (1-315%); this range was positively correlated with …
Carbon Budget Of A Shallow, Lagoonal Estuary: Transformations And Source-Sink Dynamics Along The River-Estuary-Ocean Continuum, Jr Crosswell, Iris C. Anderson, Jw Stanhope, B Van Dam, Mark Brush, Et Al.
Carbon Budget Of A Shallow, Lagoonal Estuary: Transformations And Source-Sink Dynamics Along The River-Estuary-Ocean Continuum, Jr Crosswell, Iris C. Anderson, Jw Stanhope, B Van Dam, Mark Brush, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
A comprehensive carbon budget was constructed to quantify carbon flows through the freshwater-marine continuum of a temperate, microtidal estuary. We performed coordinated measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon and total organic carbon fluxes to resolve spatial variability between and along the channel and shoals and diel variability across the entire estuary for 2 yr. Net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) was the most significant control on carbon flow within estuary regions. However, metabolic rates were spatially coupled such that counteracting fluxes across the channel-shoal gradient or along the river-ocean gradient resulted in system-wide NEM that was closely in balance (-3.0 +/- 3.3 to …
Shelled Pteropods In Peril: Assessing Vulnerability In A High Co2 Ocean, C Manno, N Bednarsek, Ga Tarling, Vl Peck, S Comeau, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Et Al.
Shelled Pteropods In Peril: Assessing Vulnerability In A High Co2 Ocean, C Manno, N Bednarsek, Ga Tarling, Vl Peck, S Comeau, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The impact of anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems is a vital concern facing marine scientists and managers of ocean resources. Euthecosomatous pteropods (holoplanktonic gastropods) represent an excellent sentinel for indicating exposure to anthropogenic OA because of the sensitivity of their aragonite shells to the OA conditions less favorable for calcification. However, an integration of observations, experiments and modelling efforts is needed to make accurate predictions of how these organisms will respond to future changes to their environment. Our understanding of the underlying organismal biology and life history is far from complete and must be improved if we are …
Lipid Consumption In Coral Larvae Differs Among Sites: A Consideration Of Environmental History In A Global Ocean Change Scenario, Emily B. Rivest, Cs Chen, Ty Fan, Hh Li, Ge Hofmann
Lipid Consumption In Coral Larvae Differs Among Sites: A Consideration Of Environmental History In A Global Ocean Change Scenario, Emily B. Rivest, Cs Chen, Ty Fan, Hh Li, Ge Hofmann
VIMS Articles
The success of early life-history stages is an environmentally sensitive bottleneck for many marine invertebrates. Responses of larvae to environmental stress may vary due to differences in maternal investment of energy stores and acclimatization/adaptation of a population to local environmental conditions. In this study, we compared two populations from sites with different environmental regimes (Moorea and Taiwan). We assessed the responses of Pocillopora damicornis larvae to two future co-occurring environmental stressors: elevated temperature and ocean acidification. Larvae from Taiwan were more sensitive to temperature, producing fewer energy-storage lipids under high temperature. In general, planulae in Moorea and Taiwan responded similarly …
Replication And Shedding Kinetics Of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus In Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Ar Wargo, Rj Scott, B Kerr, G Kurath
Replication And Shedding Kinetics Of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus In Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Ar Wargo, Rj Scott, B Kerr, G Kurath
VIMS Articles
Viral replication and shedding are key components of transmission and fitness, the kinetics of which are heavily dependent on virus, host, and environmental factors. To date, no studies have quantified the shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), or how they are associated with replication, making it difficult to ascertain the transmission dynamics of this pathogen of high agricultural and conservation importance. Here, the replication and shedding kinetics of two M genogroup IHNV genotypes were examined in their naturally co-evolved rainbow trout host. Within host virus replication began rapidly, approaching maximum values by day …
Low Apparent Survival And Heterogeneous Movement Patterns Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Coastal River, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Aj Norris, M Groves
Low Apparent Survival And Heterogeneous Movement Patterns Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Coastal River, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Aj Norris, M Groves
VIMS Articles
Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus were purposefully introduced into freshwater tributaries to Chesapeake Bay in the past, and populations have subsequently spread to new areas, negatively impacting native communities and causing concern for resource managers. To aid development of management strategies, we implemented a multiyear (2012-2015) tagging study of invasive Blue Catfish in a 40-km stretch of the Potomac River to estimate survival and assess movement patterns. Blue Catfish (N = 1,237) were captured by electrofishing and double-tagged to allow us to estimate tag retention rates; we used reward tags to increase reporting rates. Recaptured fish (N = 104; 8.4% return …