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2005

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Articles 3061 - 3090 of 3257

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Live Weights Of Kıvırcık Ewes And Lambs In Some Periods Under Extensive Management Conditions, İbrahi̇m Cemal, Orhan Karaca, Tufan Altin, Mustafa Kaymakçi Jan 2005

Live Weights Of Kıvırcık Ewes And Lambs In Some Periods Under Extensive Management Conditions, İbrahi̇m Cemal, Orhan Karaca, Tufan Altin, Mustafa Kaymakçi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the growth characteristics of Kıvırcık sheep and describe non-genetic factors influencing their expression. Data were collected from 6 flocks including a nucleus flock and 5 breeders’ flocks (2 in mountainous and 3 in lowland villages). Flocks raised in extensive conditions were kept in pastures throughout the year. The body weight of ewes at parturition and the birth and weaning weight of lambs were recorded during 2 lambing seasons (1999-2000 and 2000-2001). The least-squares mean of ewe body weight at parturition was 42.2 kg. Lambing season, flock and age of ewe were …

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The Effects Of Ligula Intestinalis Plerocercoids On The Growth Features Of Tench, Tinca Tinca, Mehmet Borga Ergönül, Ahmet Altindağ Jan 2005

The Effects Of Ligula Intestinalis Plerocercoids On The Growth Features Of Tench, Tinca Tinca, Mehmet Borga Ergönül, Ahmet Altindağ

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A total of 272 specimens of tench (Tinca tinca L., 1758) caught in Lake Mogan (Ankara) were examined for the presence of the plerocercoids of Ligula intestinalis, and growth parameters such as age composition, age-length, age-weight and weight-length relationship and condition factor were calculated seperately for both infected and non-infected fish. The only marked difference was observed in value b between infected (2.745) and non-infected (3.014) fish.

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Using Ammonia Nitrogen Excretion Rates As An Index For Evaluating Protein Quality Of Prawns In Turbot (Psetta Maeotica) Nutrition, Murat Yi̇ği̇t, Sebahatti̇n Ergün, Ali̇ Türker, Burcu Karaali̇, Sabri̇ Bi̇lgi̇n Jan 2005

Using Ammonia Nitrogen Excretion Rates As An Index For Evaluating Protein Quality Of Prawns In Turbot (Psetta Maeotica) Nutrition, Murat Yi̇ği̇t, Sebahatti̇n Ergün, Ali̇ Türker, Burcu Karaali̇, Sabri̇ Bi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Total ammonia nitrogen excretion rates were measured in Black Sea turbot (averaging 88.8 g) to compare the protein quality of prawns, the natural food of turbot, with that of the protein source commonly used in the feed industry, i.e. anchovy meal. Two different prawn species (Baltic prawn, Palaemon adspersus, and rockpool prawn, Palaemon elegans) were offered to fish as wet feed at 17.5 ± 0.5 ºC and a salinity of 17 ppt. Furthermore, for determination of the effects of wet feed and dry feed on the peak times of ammonia nitrogen excretion rates, another experimental group of fish was offered …

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Pathological And Phytochemical Investigation Of Neuronal Lipofuscinosis Caused By Asphodelus Aestivus In Sheep: I. Pathological Findings, Serap Bi̇ri̇nci̇oğlu, İhsan Çaliş, Hamdi̇ Avci, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ Jan 2005

Pathological And Phytochemical Investigation Of Neuronal Lipofuscinosis Caused By Asphodelus Aestivus In Sheep: I. Pathological Findings, Serap Bi̇ri̇nci̇oğlu, İhsan Çaliş, Hamdi̇ Avci, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A severe neurologic syndrome accompained by intense neuronal pigmentation was described in sheep exposed to Asphodelus aestivus in Turkey. The clinical signs were similar in all the sheep affected, and the condition was usually characterized by progressive paresis, ataxia and convulsion. At necropsy, yellowish-brown discoloration in the brain and spinal cord were consistently seen. A microscopical examination revealed abundant yellowish-brown pigment granules in the cytoplasm of the larger neurons. Similar pigment granules were also observed in extraneuronal tissues. The histochemical features of the pigments were consistent with those of lipofuscin. The available evidence suggests that the tissue pigmentation was related …

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El Niño Causes Dramatic Outbreak Of Paederus Dermatitis In East Africa, Ingeborg M.C.J. Van Schayk, Ruben O. Agwanda, John I. Githure, John C. Beier, Bart G.J. Knols Jan 2005

El Niño Causes Dramatic Outbreak Of Paederus Dermatitis In East Africa, Ingeborg M.C.J. Van Schayk, Ruben O. Agwanda, John I. Githure, John C. Beier, Bart G.J. Knols

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An outbreak of Paederus sabaeus rove beetles in Kenya during the 1997-1998 El Niño resulted in a dramatic increase of vesicular dermatitis in its capital Nairobi. The beetle, popularly called ‘Nairobi Fly’, contains a potent toxic fluid that causes epidermolysis and acute conjunctivitis. A cross-sectional epidemiological study involving 1,208 Nairobi residents was conducted to determine the health impact of this outbreak. The results showed that one-third of the Nairobi population were infected during this period. The majority of the respondents reported lesions on exposed body parts above the shoulders. Disfiguring, painful blisters and skin rashes in and around the facial …

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The Aphidophagus Coccinellid (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Species In Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, Mahmut Murat Aslan, Nedi̇m Uygun Jan 2005

The Aphidophagus Coccinellid (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Species In Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, Mahmut Murat Aslan, Nedi̇m Uygun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Aphidophagus coccinellid (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) species were determined in cultivated and uncultivated fields in Kahramanmaraş. Furthermore, aphid species preyed upon by each coccinellid species were also specified. Adult coccinellids observed feeding on the aphid species were collected by suction tube while immature stages were collected with their preys and cultivated in order to obtain adults. This study yielded 33 coccinellid species feeding upon 59 aphid species. The most encountered coccinellid species that fed on many aphid species were Coccinella septempunctata (L.) 41, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) 19, Scymnus subvillosus (Goeze) 15, Adalia fasciatopunctata revelieri Muls. 10 and Oenopia conglobata (L.) 9. On …

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A Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Sesiidae Of Turkey (Lepidoptera), Theo Garrevoet, Walter Garrevoet, Hi̇kmet Özbek Jan 2005

A Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Sesiidae Of Turkey (Lepidoptera), Theo Garrevoet, Walter Garrevoet, Hi̇kmet Özbek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

On the basis of the material collected and the observations made in the summer of 2003 in Turkey –mainly in eastern Anatolia– and some samples in the collection of Atatürk University, Entomology Museum, Erzurum, Turkey (EMET), an overview is given of the observed clearwing moths (Sesiidae) in Turkey from faunistic, distributional, and agro-economical points of view. Thirty-six species and subspecies in 11 genera have been recorded, of which Sesia pimplaeformis Oberthtür, Paranthrene diaphana Dalla Torre & Strand, Synanthedon andrenaeformis tenuicingulata ˘Spatenka and Pyropteron cirgisa (Bartel, 1912) are classified as endangered species and should be added to the red list. Bembecia …

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Observations On The Ecology, Reproduction And Behavior Of Spermophilus Bennett, 1835 (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Turkey, Şaki̇r Özkurt, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak, Mustafa Sözen, Muhammed Mouradi Gharakheloo Jan 2005

Observations On The Ecology, Reproduction And Behavior Of Spermophilus Bennett, 1835 (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Turkey, Şaki̇r Özkurt, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak, Mustafa Sözen, Muhammed Mouradi Gharakheloo

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Field and laboratory investigations on the ecology, reproduction and behavior of Spermophilus citellus and Spermophilus xantophrymnus were performed over a period of 4 years. Both S. citellus and S. xanthophrymnus are diurnal species and occupy semiarid steppe areas in Turkish Thrace and Anatolia, respectively. Distribution of the former species is confined to restricted steppe areas in Turkish Thrace whilethe, latter lives on the Anatolian steppe, and is sympatric with Meriones tristami, Mesocricetus brandthi, Allactaga williamsi and Microtus spp. The burrows of both species have one entrance, and are built separately in the field. They constitute small social colonies and communicate …

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A New Hydrovolzia Species (Acari: Hydrachnellae: Hydrovolziidae) For The Turkish Fauna, Ferruh Aşçi, Muhli̇s Özkan Jan 2005

A New Hydrovolzia Species (Acari: Hydrachnellae: Hydrovolziidae) For The Turkish Fauna, Ferruh Aşçi, Muhli̇s Özkan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Characteristics of male and female Hydrovolzia placophora (Monti, 1905), which is a new species for the Turkish fauna, are given, along with its description and distribution throughout the world.

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A New Viviparous Uropodid Mite (Acari: Gamasida: Uropodina) For The Turkish Fauna, Macrodinychus (Monomacrodinychus) Bregetovaae Hirschmann, 1975, Durmuş Ali̇ Bal, Muhli̇s Özkan Jan 2005

A New Viviparous Uropodid Mite (Acari: Gamasida: Uropodina) For The Turkish Fauna, Macrodinychus (Monomacrodinychus) Bregetovaae Hirschmann, 1975, Durmuş Ali̇ Bal, Muhli̇s Özkan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The geographic distribution and additional morphologic features of Macrodinychus (Monomacrodinychus) bregetovaae Hirschmann 1975 are presented briefly and determined as a new record for the Turkish Uropodid fauna.

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Studies On Turkish Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) I. Genus Enochrus Thomson, 1859, Ümi̇t İncekara, Abdullah Mart, Orhan Erman Jan 2005

Studies On Turkish Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) I. Genus Enochrus Thomson, 1859, Ümi̇t İncekara, Abdullah Mart, Orhan Erman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Two newly recorded Enochrus Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) species for the Turkish fauna, E. (E.) melanocephalus (Olivier, 1792) and E. (L.) fuscipennis (Thomson, 1884), are described, and their distribution in Turkey and worldwide is presented. A key to Turkish Enochrus species is provided and E. (L.) segmentinotatus treated under the "bicolor species complex".

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Observations On Some Behaviours Of Krüper’S Nuthatch (Sitta Krueperi), A Little-Known West Palaearctic Bird, Tamer Albayrak, Ali̇ Erdoğan Jan 2005

Observations On Some Behaviours Of Krüper’S Nuthatch (Sitta Krueperi), A Little-Known West Palaearctic Bird, Tamer Albayrak, Ali̇ Erdoğan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Some intraspecific and interspecific behaviours in Krüper's Nuthatch (Sitta krueperi) populations were observed in Antalya province, southern Turkey. An account of their endemic distribution in Anatolia on the one hand, and the lack of sufficient data on the other, gave rise to the need for such a study. The breeding behaviour in the populations is observed, particularly in the BÜK (Lütfi Büyük Yıldırım research forest) and ELMALI Cedar research forests. The results are given in 2 parts as observed behaviours throughout a year and breeding period, which are mating, nesting, brooding, parental care and rearing and territorial behaviours.

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Gonadal Maturation And Spawning In Penaeus Semisulcatus De Hann, 1844 By Hormone Injection, Mevlüt Aktaş, Meti̇n Kumlu Jan 2005

Gonadal Maturation And Spawning In Penaeus Semisulcatus De Hann, 1844 By Hormone Injection, Mevlüt Aktaş, Meti̇n Kumlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effects of 3 hormones, HCG, LH-RH and serotonin (5-HT), on maturation and spawning of Penaeus semisulcatus de Hann, 1844 were investigated in 2 experiments in this study. The experiments were carried out in round (4 m diameter) fiberglass tanks for 50 days. In experiment 1, the effects of 3 dosages (1, 2 and 3 IU g^{-1} body weight (BW)) of HCG were compared against a sterile vehicle solution (0.85% NaCl) injected group (control group) and an eyestalk ablated group. In experiment 2, 3 dosages of both LH-RH (0.01, 0.1 and 0.2 mg g^{-1} BW) and serotonin (20, 50 and …

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Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) Of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey, Mahmut Murat Aslan, Nedi̇m Uygun Jan 2005

Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) Of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey, Mahmut Murat Aslan, Nedi̇m Uygun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study aimed to identify 68 aphid species and subspecies in Kahramanmaraş from 1998 to 2001. It was found that these species and subspecies were from 35 genera and the subfamilies Aphidinae, Chaitophorinae, Lachninae, Myzocallidinae, Pemphiginae and Pterocommatinae (Aphididae: Aphidoidea). Sixty-eight species, belonging to the tribes Aphidini-Aphidina, Aphidini-Rhopalosiphina, Macrosiphini, Chaitophorini, Cinarini, Lachnini, Myzocallidini, Eriosomatini, Fordini, Pemphigini and Pterocommatini, were examined. Aphis acetosae L., Aphis fabae mordvilkoi Borner and Janich, Cinara cupressi (Buckton) and Nurudea meitanensis (Tsai and Tang) are reported for the first time from Turkey.

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Distribution Of Turkish Helophorus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera, Helophoridae) Ii. Subgenus Atracthelophorus, With Two New Records And Some Ecological Notes, Ümi̇t İncekara, Abdullah Mart, Orhan Erman Jan 2005

Distribution Of Turkish Helophorus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera, Helophoridae) Ii. Subgenus Atracthelophorus, With Two New Records And Some Ecological Notes, Ümi̇t İncekara, Abdullah Mart, Orhan Erman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Two newly recorded Helophorus Fabricius, 1775 species/subspecies for the Turkish fauna, Helophorus (Atracthelophorus) shatrovskyi Angus, 1985 and H. (A.) leontis dixoni Angus, 1987, are compared against Turkish specimens (private collection). A list of subgenus Atracthelophorus species known from Turkey and their distribution in Turkey and worldwide is presented. The ecology of each examined species is discussed.

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Morphology And Systematics Of Turkish Species Of Exeurytoma Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae), With Description Of A New Species From Eastern Anatolia, Mi̇kdat Doğanlar, Hali̇t Çam Jan 2005

Morphology And Systematics Of Turkish Species Of Exeurytoma Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae), With Description Of A New Species From Eastern Anatolia, Mi̇kdat Doğanlar, Hali̇t Çam

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new species of Exeurytoma Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) from Eastern Anatolia is described. Morphologies and systematics of 2 Turkish species, E. anatolica Çam, 1998 from Tokat and E. kebanensis n.sp. from Keban, Elazığ, and from Ömerli, Mardin were studied. Their diagnostic characteristics were photographed using a scanning electron microscope and some of them are illustrated as seen under a stereoscopic microscope by camera lucida. An identification key for the species of Exeurytoma is provided.

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A Preliminary Survey Of Testudo Graeca Linnaeus 1758 Specimens From Central Anatolia, Turkey, Oğuz Türkozan, Kurtuluş Olgun, John Wilkinson, Leigh Gillett, John Spence Jan 2005

A Preliminary Survey Of Testudo Graeca Linnaeus 1758 Specimens From Central Anatolia, Turkey, Oğuz Türkozan, Kurtuluş Olgun, John Wilkinson, Leigh Gillett, John Spence

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sixteen specimens of Testudo graeca Linnaeus 1758 from 2 adjacent localities (Meke and Acıgöl) in Central Anatolia were measured. Morphological characters standardised for straight carapace length (SCL) were compared with original raw values from Testudo populations from Aegean and south-eastern Turkey. The post-ANOVA pairwise analysis (Tukey's) across all groups verified sexual dimorphism in the Central Anatolian populations in terms of anal suture length (P < 0.05) and plastron width 2 (P < 0.05). Discriminant analysis based on standardised values provided 89.3% and 92.6% correct classification among males and females, respectively. The difference was clearer between the Aegean and Central Anatolian populations, with a more domed carapace (CH) in the males and shorter plastron length (PL) and plastron width 2 (PW2) in the females of the Aegean population in comparison with the Central Anatolian population.

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Macrobenthic Invertebrate Fauna Of Lake Eğrigöl (Gündoğmuş - Antalya), Seray Yildiz, Ayşe Taşdemi̇r, Murat Özbek, Süleyman Balik, M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu Jan 2005

Macrobenthic Invertebrate Fauna Of Lake Eğrigöl (Gündoğmuş - Antalya), Seray Yildiz, Ayşe Taşdemi̇r, Murat Özbek, Süleyman Balik, M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In order to determine the macrobenthic invertebrate fauna of Lake Eğrigöl, located at 2000 m in the central Taurus Mountains, 4 field studies were conducted between June and September, 2000, and June and September, 2001. The specimens were obtained by collection of mud samples using an Ekman-Birge grab and by sifting with a fine 500 µm sieve, and were preserved in 4% formaldehyde solution. Additional samplings were also performed from the shore with hand nets with a mesh size of 180 µm. On average, 1036 benthic invertebrate specimens were found per square meter in Lake Eğrigöl; 939 of these specimens …

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Some Biological Aspects Of The Himri Barbel, Barbus Luteus, In The Intermediate Reaches Of The Euphrates River, Ramez Al Hazzaa Jan 2005

Some Biological Aspects Of The Himri Barbel, Barbus Luteus, In The Intermediate Reaches Of The Euphrates River, Ramez Al Hazzaa

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Growth; length-weight, standard-, fork-, and total length relationships; age composition; sex ratios; age at first maturity; and fecundity of the himri, Barbus luteus, from different sites along the middle reaches of the Euphrates River were investigated. Von Bertalanffy's growth models were L_t = 54.71 (1-e^{0.110 (t+0.163)}), W_t = 1252.833 (1-e^{0.127 (t+1.825)})^{2.454} in males, and L_t = 56.93 (1-e^{0.105 (t+0.377)}), W_t = 1395.363 (1-e^{0.107 (t-1.81)})^{2.545} in females. Isometric growth was identified from length-weight relationships. Younger age groups dominated the catches, with identifiable ages ranged from II to VII years. Sexual ratios were unbiased and did not deviate from 1:1. Most fish …

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On The Distribution And Morphology Of The Steppe Viper, Vipera Eriwanensis (Reuss, 1933), From Gavur Mountain (Gümüşhane), Bi̇lal Kutrup, Ufuk Bülbül, Nurhayat Yilmaz Jan 2005

On The Distribution And Morphology Of The Steppe Viper, Vipera Eriwanensis (Reuss, 1933), From Gavur Mountain (Gümüşhane), Bi̇lal Kutrup, Ufuk Bülbül, Nurhayat Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Vipera eriwanensis (Reuss, 1933), known only from the localities of the eastern Aras River in Turkey, was morphologically examined and compared with the related species on the basis of one additional specimen from Gavur mountain (province Gümüşhane), situated outside the known localities. This information changed our knowledge of the total distribution of V. eriwanensis, clearly showing that this taxon has expanded its range at least 210 km to the west in eastern Turkey. Furthermore it differs from V. eriwanensis reported from Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan in having a lower number of mid-body scales and loreals, and a higher number of …

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On The Fish Fauna Of Lake İznik (Turkey), Müfi̇t Özuluğ, Ömer Altun, Nuretti̇n Meri̇ç Jan 2005

On The Fish Fauna Of Lake İznik (Turkey), Müfi̇t Özuluğ, Ömer Altun, Nuretti̇n Meri̇ç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Lake İznik, which is under the threat of pollution, has been subject to a very limited number of studies in terms of its fish fauna, and therefore the species living in the lake are not well known yet. It was demonstrated that 19 fish species inhabit Lake İznik: Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758), Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstadt, 1772), Barbus tauricus escherichi Steindachner, 1897, Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843), Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Rutilus frisii (Nordmann, 1840), Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758), Vimba vimba (Linnaeus, 1758), Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758), Cobitis vardarensis Karaman, 1928, Nemacheilus angorae Steindachner, …

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Morphogenesis In Germinating Fusarium Graminearum Macroconidia, Steven D. Harris Jan 2005

Morphogenesis In Germinating Fusarium Graminearum Macroconidia, Steven D. Harris

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is a significant pathogen of wheat and corn. F. graminearum forms multicellular macroconidia that play an important role in dissemination of the disease. The spatial pattern of morphogenesis in germinating macroconidia is described. Germ tubes preferentially emerge from the apical cells in a bipolar pattern that appears to be common to filamentous fungi. Chitin deposition occurs at two locations: the spore apices and cortical regions of macroconidial cells that subsequently produce a germ tube. The spatial pattern of morphogenesis requires the presence of functional microtubules, which may be responsible for the transport of key …

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Fundamental Contribution Of Β-Oxidation To Polyketide Mycotoxin Production In Planta, Lori A. Maggio-Hall, Richard A. Wilson, Nancy P. Keller Jan 2005

Fundamental Contribution Of Β-Oxidation To Polyketide Mycotoxin Production In Planta, Lori A. Maggio-Hall, Richard A. Wilson, Nancy P. Keller

Fungal Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions

Seed contamination with polyketide mycotoxins, including aflatoxin (AF) and sterigmatocystin (ST) produced by Aspergillus spp., is an agricultural, economic, and medical issue worldwide. Acetyl-CoA, the fundamental building block of all known fungal polyketides, is generated by a large number of biochemical pathways, including β-oxidation of fatty acids and glycolysis of sugars. We present several lines of evidence to support a major role for seed fatty acids in formation of AF and ST in A. flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. nidulans. Aspergillus strains exhibiting canonical signs of oleic acid–induced peroxisome proliferation, including increased catalase activity, β-oxidation gene expression, and …

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Chlorella Virus Marburg Topoisomerase Ii: High Dna Cleavage Activity As A Characteristic Of Chlorella Virus Type Ii Enzymes, Jennifer S. Dickey, Tae-Jin Choi, James L. Van Etten, Neil Osheroff Jan 2005

Chlorella Virus Marburg Topoisomerase Ii: High Dna Cleavage Activity As A Characteristic Of Chlorella Virus Type Ii Enzymes, Jennifer S. Dickey, Tae-Jin Choi, James L. Van Etten, Neil Osheroff

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Although the formation of a covalent enzyme-cleaved DNA complex is a prerequisite for the essential functions of topoisomerase II, this reaction intermediate has the potential to destabilize the genome. Consequently, all known eukaryotic type II enzymes maintain this complex at a low steady-state level. Recently, however, a novel topoisomerase II was discovered in Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1 (PBCV-1) that has an exceptionally high DNA cleavage activity [Fortune et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 24401-24408]. If robust DNA cleavage is critical to the physiological functions of chlorella virus topoisomerase II, then this remarkable characteristic should be …

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Genome Of Deerpox Virus, C. L. Afonso, Gustavo A. Delhon, E. R. Tuhlman, Z. Lu, A. Zsak, V. M. Becerra, L. Zsak, G. F. Kutish, D. L. Rock Jan 2005

Genome Of Deerpox Virus, C. L. Afonso, Gustavo A. Delhon, E. R. Tuhlman, Z. Lu, A. Zsak, V. M. Becerra, L. Zsak, G. F. Kutish, D. L. Rock

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Deerpox virus (DPV), an uncharacterized and unclassified member of the Poxviridae, has been isolated from North American free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) exhibiting mucocutaneous disease. Here we report the genomic sequence and comparative analysis of two pathogenic DPV isolates, W-848-83 (W83) and W-1170-84 (W84). The W83 and W84 genomes are 166 and 170 kbp, containing 169 and 170 putative genes, respectively. Nucleotide identity between DPVs is 95% over the central 157 kbp. W83 and W84 share similar gene orders and code for similar replicative, structural, virulence, and host range functions. DPV open reading frames (ORFs) with putative …

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Seasonal Leaf Dynamics Across A Tree Density Gradient In A Brazilian Savanna, William A. Hoffman, Edson Rangel Da Silva Jr., Gustavo C. Machado, Sandra J. Bucci, Fabian G. Scholz, Guillermo Goldstein, Frederick C. Meinzer Jan 2005

Seasonal Leaf Dynamics Across A Tree Density Gradient In A Brazilian Savanna, William A. Hoffman, Edson Rangel Da Silva Jr., Gustavo C. Machado, Sandra J. Bucci, Fabian G. Scholz, Guillermo Goldstein, Frederick C. Meinzer

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Interactions between trees and grasses that influence leaf area index (LAI) have important consequences for savanna ecosystem processes through their controls on water, carbon, and energy fluxes as well as fire regimes. We measured LAI, of the groundlayer (herbaceous and woody plants <1-m tall) and shrub and tree layer (woody plants >1-m tall), in the Brazilian cerrado over a range of tree densities from open shrub savanna to closed woodland through the annual cycle. During the dry season, soil water potential was strongly and positively correlated with grass LAI, and less strongly with tree and shrub LAI. By the end of the dry season, LAI of grasses, groundlayer dicots …

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Seasonal Migration And Home Ranges Of Female Elk In The Black Hills Of South Dakota And Wyoming, Lakhdar Benkobi, Mark A. Rumble, Cynthia H. Stubblefield, R. Scott Gamo, Joshua J. Millspaugh Jan 2005

Seasonal Migration And Home Ranges Of Female Elk In The Black Hills Of South Dakota And Wyoming, Lakhdar Benkobi, Mark A. Rumble, Cynthia H. Stubblefield, R. Scott Gamo, Joshua J. Millspaugh

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Understanding the movement and dispersion patterns of elk (Cervus elaphus) on public lands and the underlying factors that affect each will facilitate elk management and help resolve conflicts between management that benefit elk and other uses of land resources. Consequently, there is a need to identify and examine the movement and dispersion patterns of elk in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. Our study quantified seasonal movements, determined home ranges of female elk in two areas of the Black Hills, and examined underlying factors associated with each. Elk in the northern area did not demonstrate seasonal …

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Epidemiological Characteristics Of Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection In A Large Population Of Antenatal Women In Zambia, W. Klaskala, B. P. Brayfield, C. Kankasa, G. Bhat, J. T. West, C. D. Mitchell, Charles Wood Jan 2005

Epidemiological Characteristics Of Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection In A Large Population Of Antenatal Women In Zambia, W. Klaskala, B. P. Brayfield, C. Kankasa, G. Bhat, J. T. West, C. D. Mitchell, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Comprehensive data describing epidemiological characteristics of the human herpesvirus-8 or Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV-8 or KSHV) infection among pregnant women in a central sub-Saharan Africa are not available. This study determined virus prevalence estimates and the risk factors associated with HHV-8 infection. Cross-sectional, enrollment visit data were analyzed from a prospective cohort study of perinatal transmission of HHV-8 in Lusaka, Zambia. Exposure data were obtained via structured interview, physical examination, medical chart review, and laboratory testing. Among 3,160 antenatal women serologically screened for HHV-8 between September 1998 and October 2000, 40.2% were seropositive. The HHV-8 positive women were more likely …

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Evolution Of Subtype C Hiv-1 Env In A Slowly Progressing Zambian Infant, Hong Zhang, Federico Hoffmann, Jun He, Xiang He, Chipepo Kankasa, Ruth Ruprecht, John T. West, Guillermo Orti, Charles Wood Jan 2005

Evolution Of Subtype C Hiv-1 Env In A Slowly Progressing Zambian Infant, Hong Zhang, Federico Hoffmann, Jun He, Xiang He, Chipepo Kankasa, Ruth Ruprecht, John T. West, Guillermo Orti, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Background: Given the high prevalence of mother to child infection, the development of a better understanding of African subtype C HIV-1 transmission and natural evolution is of significant importance. In this study, we genotypically and phenotypically characterized subtype C viruses isolated over a 67-month follow-up period from an in utero-infected Zambian infant. Changes in genotype and phenotype were correlated to alterations of the host humoral immune response.

Results: A comparison of baseline maternal and infant samples indicated that the infant sequences are monophyletic and contain a fraction of the diversity observed in the mother. This finding suggests that selective …

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Compartmentalization Of Hiv-1 In The Central Nervous System: Role Of The Choroid Plexus, Evan J. Burkala, Jun He, John T. West, Charles Wood, Carol K. Petito Jan 2005

Compartmentalization Of Hiv-1 In The Central Nervous System: Role Of The Choroid Plexus, Evan J. Burkala, Jun He, John T. West, Charles Wood, Carol K. Petito

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Objectives: To determine the genetic and phenotypic composition of HIV-1 found in the choroid plexus (CPx) and its relationship to virus in the brain and peripheral lymphoid tissue. Design: Phenotypic and molecular comparisons of HIV-1 found in autopsy brain, CPx, and spleen tissues. Methods: HIV-1 was co-cultured from matched postmortem brain (basal ganglia), CPx, and spleen tissues of AIDS patients with and without HIV-associated encephalitis and dementia. Viral phenotypes were determined by infection of monocyte-derived macrophages, MT-2 or co-receptor-specific cell lines. Viral env and pol sequences were determined from genomic DNA isolated directly from tissues or co-cultures, and phylogenetic comparisons …

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