Life Sciences Commons^™

The Use Of Proline To Determine Salt Tolerance In Eucalyptus Species And Clones, Andrew J. Woodward

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

There have been a number of studies that have examined the Eucalyptus spp. for their salt and waterlogging tolerance: but they have done so using conventional methods. A wide range of plants are known to produce greater amounts of proline when stressed, be it salt, temperature, 'drought or several other types of stress. This study looked at production of proline in salt stressed eucalypts to determine whether it can be used to differentiate between individuals andspecies. A range of Eucalyptus species and salt tolerant clones of E. camaldulensis were grown to investigate their proline response to salt stress.

Activation Kinetics Of Skinned Cardiac Muscle By Laser Photolysis Of Nitrophenyl-Egta, Hunter Martin, Marcus G. Bell, Graham C. Ellis-Davis, Robert J. Barsotti

PCOM Scholarly Works

The kinetics of Ca2+-induced contractions of chemically skinned guinea pig trabeculae was studied using laser photolysis of NP-EGTA. The amount of free Ca2+ released was altered by varying the output from a frequency-doubled ruby laser focused on the trabeculae, while maintaining constant total [NP-EGTA] and [Ca2+]. The time courses of the rise in stiffness and tension were biexponential at 23°C, Ph 7.1, and 200 Mm ionic strength. At full activation (pCa < 5.0), the rates of the rapid phase of the stiffness and tension rise were 56 ± 7 s-1 (n = 7) and 48 ± 6 s-1 (n = 11) while the amplitudes were 21 ± 2 and 23 ± 3%, respectively. These rates had similar dependencies on final [Ca2+] achieved by photolysis: 43 and 50 s-1 per Pca unit, respectively, over a range of [Ca2+] producing from 15% to 90% of maximal isometric tension. At all [Ca2+], the rise in stiffness initially was faster than that of tension. The maximal rates for the slower components of the rise in stiffness and tension were 4.1 ± 0.8 and 6.2 ± 1.0 s-1. The rate of this slower phase exhibited significantly less Ca2+ sensitivity, 1 and 4 s-1 per Pca unit for stiffness and tension, respectively. These data, along with previous studies indicating that the force-generating step in the cross-bridge cycle of cardiac muscle is marginally sensitive to [Ca2+], suggest a mechanism of regulation in which Ca2+ controls the attachment step in the cross-bridge cycle via a rapid equilibrium with the thin filament activation state. Myosin kinetics sets the time course for the rise in stiffness and force generation with the biexponential nature of the mechanical responses to steps in [Ca2+] arising from a shift to slower cross-bridge kinetics as the number of strongly bound cross-bridges increases.

Spatial Econometric Analysis Of Louisiana Rural Real Estate Values, Patricia Soto

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The general purpose of this study was to conduct a spatial analysis of the dynamics of rural land values in Louisiana. Specifically, spatial econometric procedures and hedonic price analysis were used to evaluate the impact of land characteristics on land prices across rural land markets in Louisiana. Initially, hedonic models were estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) procedures to test for the presence of spatial autocorrelation using Lagrange Multiplier tests. Results suggested that there was spatial autocorrelation in the error terms. Hedonic models were then estimated using maximum likelihood (ML) spatial error techniques. Log likelihood numbers and likelihood ratio tests …

Examining The Relationships Between Ability Conceptions, Intrinsic Motivation, Presistence And Performance, Weidong Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between ability conceptions, intrinsic motivation, persistence, and performance using an interaction approach. The phase-one study revealed that participants who were more oriented toward incremental ability beliefs were likely to be more intrinsically motivated. For those who were more intrinsically motivated, they displayed more persistence and obtained better performance scores. Participants who were highly intrinsically motivated had lower performance scores as they were more oriented toward incremental ability beliefs. The phase-two study showed that participants who were more oriented toward incremental views were more intrinsically motivated, which provided evidence supporting the …

Phylogeny And Biogeography Of Wajira (Leguminosae): A Monophyletic Segregate Of Vigna Centered In The Horn Of Africa Region, Mats Thulin, Matt Lavin, Remy Pasquet, Alfonso Delgado-Salinas

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Evidence from chloroplast trnK and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences and morphological data reveals that the monotypic legume genus Wajira is nested within a clade comprising the species of Vigna subgen. Macrorhynchus. This Wajira-containing clade is basally branching in a larger clade that contains many of the genera traditionally referred to as tribe Phaseoleae subtribe Phaseolinae. Wajira is thus recircumscribed to include Vigna subgen. Macrorhynchus. Given the heterogeneity of floral morphology of its constituent species, Wajira is apomorphically diagnosed by woody stems and a pollen brush that comprises an introrse linear array of unicellular hairs. This recircumscribed genus now comprises five …

Carotid Endothelial Responses To Proinflammatory Mediators, Susana M. Tente

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Flow Cytometry Used To Assess Genetic Damage In Frogs From Farm Ponds, Bartholomew L. Bly, Melinda G. Knutson, Mark B. Sandheinrich, Brian R. Gray, Dean A. Jobe

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Flow cytometry (FC) is a laboratory method used to detect genetic damage induced by environmental contaminants and other stressors in animals, including amphibians. We tested FC methods on three species of ranid frogs collected from farm ponds and natural wetlands in southeastern Minnesota. We compared FC metrics for Rana clamitans between ponds with direct exposure to agricultural contaminants and reference (unexposed) ponds. Concentrations of atrazine in water from our farm ponds ranged from 0.04 to 0.55 ppb. We found that R. clamitans from exposed ponds had DNA content similar to frogs from unexposed ponds. Pond-averaged C-values (a measure of DNA …

Beach-Cast Wrack As A Determinant Of Macroinvertebrate Assemblages And Trophic Subsidy To Sandy Beach Ecosystems, Rebecca Ince

Theses : Honours

The transport of detached macrophytes from seagrass meadows and reefs, otherwise known as wrack, has been identified in some parts of the world as a marine subsidy which can increase the productivity of coastal ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine whether wrack deposits act as a marine subsidy on sandy beaches in Perth, by determining whether it influences the structure of, and is a source of nutrient to, the macroinvertebrate communities in this ecosystem. This was achieved by examining the abundance, composition and nutrient source of macrofauna, including epifauna, infauna and flying fauna, on three sandy beaches …

Growth Trends And Water Use Efficiency Of Pinus Pinaster Ait. In Response To Historical Climate And Groundwater Trends On The Gnangara Mound, Western Australia, Lindsay Bourke

Theses : Honours

In Western Australia, groundwater accounts for about 57% of Perth's water supply. The majority of this is from the Gnangara Mound, the largest superficial aquifer on the Swan Coastal Plain. Prior to the mid 1970's groundwater of the superficial aquifer reached a semi-steady state, however since this period levels have been steadily falling. This decline coincides with a dramatic change in Perth's climate, groundwater abstraction and maturation of pine plantations. The influence of pine plantations upon groundwater recharge is well understood, however there is paucity of information about groundwater use, in particular whether pines directly access shallow groundwater resources. This …

Banksia Woodland Resilience To Groundwater Drawdown On The Gnangara Mound, Llewellyn Broun

Theses : Honours

Water is considered to be the major limiting resource to plant growth and survival in regions with a Mediterranean-type climate, particularly during dry summer periods when low water potentials develop (Poole et al., 1981; Miller et al., 1983-84; Mooney and Miller, 1985; Stock et al., 1992). The Swan Coastal Plain is situated within this climatic region and interactions between the climate, soil and geology has an important bearing on the water requirements of the associated Banksia woodlands (Dodd and Heddle, 1989). The assessment of the condition of any vegetative community and in this case, the resilience of Banksia woodlands to …

Seasonal Effects On Diet Of Two Arid Zone Dasyurids, Dasycercus Cristicauda And Ningaui Ridei (Dasyuridae, Marsupialia), Leisa Turner

Theses : Honours

Seasonal fluctuations in rainfall and food availability are thought to change populations of arid zone mammals dramatically over time. Competition between similar species for limited food resources is believed to be a major factor in the evolution and maintenance of population assemblages. Animals foraging in arid regions must be responsive to the unreliable distribution of nutrients and food resources to ensure the survival of viable populations. Adaptive physiological traits and behavioural mechanisms of arid zone animals allow them to survive extreme conditions and the ability to switch between prey species in adverse conditions is an advantageous strategy. This study was …

The Effectiveness Of Post-Fire Weed Management And The Germination Ecology Of Selected Invasive Weed Species Of Bold Park, Brett Neasham

Theses : Honours

Bold Park is a 437 hectare A class reserve with high conservation value. Bold park is located on the Swan Coastal Plain, approximately 11 km west of the Perth CBD. Bold park is one of the few remaining coastal bushland reserves on the Swan Coastal Plain. High levels of floristic and faunal diversity contribute to Bold Park's conservation value. Weed invasion in Bold Park is reducing floristic diversity and is modifying ecosystem processes. Principle in the modified ecosystem processes is fire. While fire is a natural disturbance event in the bushland of the south-west of Western Australia, altered fire regimes …

Investigation Into The Use Of Bait Stations For The Control Of The European Wild Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus) In The Urban Bushland Reserve Of Bold Park, Perth, Western Australia, Malin Kordes

Theses : Honours

European rabbits in Australia have a significant impact on the environment and the economy. It is therefore necessary to implement control programs. In rural areas a number of methods including warren ripping and poisoning are frequently used. In urban areas though, rabbit control is not as easily accomplished because the use of many control methods is not appropriate. For example, the poison 1080 often cannot be used due to public health concerns and warren ripping cannot be used in conservation areas. Poisoning with pindone, an anticoagulant, is therefore one of few options available to the managers of urban reserves. However, …

Plant Surrogacy: An Evaluation Of Its Use And Application In The Effort To Conserve Ground Dwelling Invertebrates, Kerry Leigh Ironside

Theses : Honours

A study conducted in the Ridges State Forest, Yanchep was designed to investigate the relationship between plant species richness, vegetation association and ground dwelling invertebrate species richness. Four plant communities were sampled at two scales of measurement. Two treatments were located in woodland and two in heath. Within each vegetation association, plant communities that were representative of both high and low species richness were selected. Three invertebrate orders, Araneae, Coleoptera and Araneae were sorted to morphospecies level. Ordinal richness was also investigated. Two-way ANOVAs indicated that there was no relationship between plant species richness, vegetation association· or the interaction between …

Effect Of Light Duration On Pulvinar Motor Organ Movements In Phaseolus Vulgaris, Thomas William Rinehart

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

With a well established model in place, the main objective of this study will be to determine if the pulvinar motor organs have a threshold radiation level to elicit paraheliotropic movements. Plants will be illuminated with full spectrum light at varying intensities and periods. Observation will take place minute-by-minute in an effort to denote certain lighting conditions which might trigger paraheliotropism.

Theoretical Neuroscience: Modeling The Activation Mechanism Of Potassium Channels In Neurons, Kevin Twedt

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

We have modeled the electrostatic interaction between the S4 segment of the potassium channel molecule and the surrounding water molecules on both the intracellular and extracellular sides of the neural axon cell membrane. Two methods were used to approximate this interaction: (i) a macroscopic evaluation in which the water was treated as a dielectric medium with dielectric constant 80; (ii) a microscopic evaluation considering the effects of each individual water molecule fixed in position within the water pockets surrounding the S4 segment. The potential energy of the S4 due to the water pockets was plotted against the rotation of the …

116th Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science [Program, 2004], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Notes Page --- 3
Friday Program Summary --- 4
Senior Academy Poster Presentation Titles --- 5
General Session Speakers --- 7
Symposia Programs --- 8
Saturday Program Summary --- 9
Section Meeting Programs (Alphabetical by Section) --- 9
2004 Awards --- 14
Abstracts (by Section) --- 15
Author Index --- 42

Shallow-Water Coral Reefs In Transition: Examples From Belize And The Bahamas, H. Allen Curran, Paulette M. Peckol, Benjamin J. Greenstein, Shannon Ristau, Susan Deyoung

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

Reprinted from: Ronald D. Lewis and Bruce C. Panuska (eds.) Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on the Geology of the Bahamas and Other Carbonate Regions: San Salvador, Gerace Research Center

The Effects Of Adding Urea Or Urea + Molasses In Some Sorghum Varieties Harvested At Dough Stage On Silage Quality And Digestible Dry Matter Yield, Murat Demi̇rel, Suphi̇ Deni̇z, İbrahi̇m Yilmaz, Hüseyi̇n Nursoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of 0.5% urea or 0.5% urea plus 4% molasses into some sorghum varieties (Gözde, P-988, Grazer and Grass-II) harvested at the dough stage on silage quality, in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility and digestible DM yields. Triplicate silage samples from each variety and treatment group, a total of 36 silage samples, were prepared in 1 l mino-silos and incubated for 90 days. Silage DM and crude protein (CP) levels ranged from 29.56 to 33.46%, and from 7.16 to 12.63%, respectively. Addition of urea or urea + molasses …

The Effects Of Urea And Molasses Addition Into Corn Harvested At Early-Milk Stage On Silage Quality And Digestible Dry Matter Yield, Ni̇hat Denek, Suphi̇ Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of 0.5% urea or 0.5% urea plus 4% (w/w) molasses into corn varieties (Rx-947, 33-94, Frassino, and Arifiye) harvested at the early-milk stage on silage quality, in vitro digestibility and digestible dry matter (DM) yield. The addition of urea into silage increased the CP content (P < 0,05). The neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of the control silages were 69.40 and 38.68 for Rx-947, 69.34 and 38.69 for 33-94, 62.67 and 34.93 for Frassino, and 64.35 and 37.04 for Arifiye (P < 0,05). The addition of urea or urea plus molasses into silage increased the silage pH in all varieties, except for Rx-947 (P < 0,05). The lactic, acetic, propionic and butyric acid contents of the silage samples were between 23.2 and 153.3, 7.8 and 23.4, 0.6 and 1.6, and 0.0 and 0.54 g/kg DM, respectively. The addition of urea or urea and molasses into Rx-947 and Frassino varieties and the addition of urea only into the 33-94 variety increased silage lactic acid levels. The addition of urea and molasses into Rx-947, Frassino and Arifiye varieties also increased silage acetic acid levels (P < 0,05). There was a significant difference only between the Frassino and Arifiye varieties on this parameter (P < 0,05). The addition of urea only into silage decreased DM digestibility; the addition of molasses with urea, however, eliminated this negative effect of urea on digestibilit in all varieties, except for Frassino (P < 0,05). Digestible DM yields of untreated silage were 863.68, 1142.43, 1044.43, and 1075.07 kg/decare (10 decares = 1 hectare) for Rx-947, 33-94, Frassino and Arifiye, respectively (P < 0,05). The digestible DM yield of untreated Rx-947 silage was significantly lower than those of the others (P < 0,05). It can be concluded that corn varieties harvested at the early-milk stage (20% DM) can be ensiled, and that urea and molasses can be used as silage additive to increase CP and energy content of silages.

The Determination Of Digestibility And Metabolizable Energy Levels Of Some Forages Commonly Used In Ruminant Nutrition By In Vitro Methods, Ni̇hat Denek, Suphi̇ Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibilities, and metabolizable energy levels of some forages commonly used in ruminant nutrition by 2 different in vitro methods; the enzyme technique and the 2- stage method (rumen fluid + HCl-pepcine). Seven different samples of alfalfa hays, sainfoin hay and grass hay, and 4 different samples of wheat straws, lentil straw, corn silage and sorghum silage were used in the experiment. DM digestibilities were 51.53% for alfalfa hay, 47.79% for sainfoin hay, 41.02% for grass hay, 30.15% for wheat straw, 47.81% for lentil straw, 63.74% …

Yield Traits Of Geese Of Different Origins Reared In Turkey Ii. Growth Traits, Muammer Ti̇lki̇, Şeref İnal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the growth traits of geese of different origins reared in Turkey. In the experiment, 25 INRA, 15 Armutlu, 15 Tatlıcak and 18 Başkuyu geese were used. The differences between chick weight, and 12^{th} and 25^{th} week live weight of the geese was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Live weight gains were highest at weeks 4 and 5 for the geese. Significant differences were found between the sex groups for week 8, 12, 16, 20 and 25 live weight (P < 0.001).

Effects Of Using Probiotics On The Growth Performance And Health Of Dairy Calves, Mesut Işik, Fi̇gen Eki̇mler, Ni̇hat Özen, Mehmet Zi̇ya Firat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics on the live weight, live weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and health condition of calves. Nineteen Holstein calves, divided into 2 similiar groups in terms of age, sex and live weight, were used in the trial. The first group of calves were given a probiotic at 20 g/day during the first 2 weeks and 40 g/day in the following weeks, via milk during the first 3 months and later on via drinking water. The other group received no probiotic. Both groups were started in the second week on …

The Presence Of Lice Species On Wild Geese In The Elazığ District, Nursel Aksin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of lice species on wild geese in the Elazığ district. Twenty wild geese were inspected for lice species between January and February in 1998 and 2001. Nine of these geese had been exposed to lice infestations and Anaticola anseris (Linnaeus, 1758) composed all the collected 92 lice. The morphological description of A. anseris was based on microscopy and microphotography pictures were taken.

Determination Of Some Quality Parameters Of Fishballs Prepared From Raw And Boiled Fish, Özgür Akkuş, Candan Varlik, Nuray Erkan, Sühendan Mol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The shelf life of fishballs prepared using raw and boiled fish was examined during cold storage (+4 ºC ± 1). Sensory, physical (loss of weight), chemical (TVB-N, TMA-N) and microbiological analyses (aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total psychrophilic bacteria) of fishballs made from raw and boiled anchovies and stored under cold storage conditions were carried out every 3 days. All analyses were carried out with two repetitions. The shelf life of fishballs was 9 days at +4 ºC ± 1 according to the results of the sensory, physical, chemical and microbiological analyses.

Effect Of Some Reproductive And Metabolic Problems On Fertility Parameters In Dairy Cows, M. Rifat Salmanoğlu, Bülent Polat, Vi̇sal Kayacik, Abdurrahman Özlüer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the fertility parameters of dairy cows in a herd with or without postparturient problems were investigated. The fertility parameters of 168 cows in 4- and 6-year-old age groups from the Bursa/Karacabey Doğancı Farm during 1999 and 2000 were studied. Data were obtained from 78 healthy cows and 90 cows having one or more problem parameters (e.g., dystocia and hypocalcemia) related to calving-first service interval and the number of services were examined. Calving-first service interval for 4- and 6-year-old healthy cows was 83.29 and 73.62 days, respectively, while it rose to 182.33 days for 4-year-old cows, with dystocia …

Isolation Of Bacterial Agents From The Lungs Of Cattle With Pneumonia And Detection Of Pasteurella Spp. By Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ayşe Kiliç, Adi̇le Muz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Lungs from 8222 cattle slaughtered at an abattoir in Elazığ were examined macroscopically, and pneumonia was detected in 500 (6.1%) lungs. These samples were inoculated onto blood agar supplemented with 7% sheep blood for isolation of bacterial agents. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based upon the use of species-specific primers was carried out on DNA samples extracted from suspected Pasteurella spp. isolates. In addition, a mouse inoculation test was carried out on suspected Pasteurella multocida isolates. A total of 311 (62.2%) bacterial agents were isolated from the lung samples and were identified as 7.2% Staphylococcus aureus, 6% Pasteurella multocida, 6% …

Karyotype Analyses Of The Tench (Tinca Tinca L., 1758) Living In Lake Mogan (Ankara), Mustafa Hamalosmanoğlu, Mustafa Kuru

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Chromosome numbers and structures were investigated in (Tinca tinca L., 1758) of the family Cyprinidae. A solution of 1 ml/100 g of 0.1% colchicine was injected intramuscularly. Four hours later the fish were killed and the kidney and gills were removed and cytogenetic methods were applied. Metaphase chromosomes of the cells in these tissues were investigated numerically and morphologically. It was determined that the fish have 2n = 48 diploid chromosomes made up of 6 pairs of metacentric, 8 pairs of subtelocentric and 10 pairs of acrocentric. The average haploid chromosome length was 2.191 µ. The chromosomes were named and …