Life Sciences Commons^™

The Evolution Of Animal Play, Emotions, And Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, And Love, Marc Bekoff

Attitudes Towards Animals Collection

My essay first takes me into the arena in which science, spirituality, and theology meet. I comment on the enterprise of science and how scientists could well benefit from reciprocal interactions with theologians and religious leaders. Next, I discuss the evolution of social morality and the ways in which various aspects of social play behavior relate to the notion of “behaving fairly.” The contributions of spiritual and religious perspectives are important in our coming to a fuller understanding of the evolution of morality. I go on to discuss animal emotions, the concept of personhood, and how our special relationships with …

Mf-Ea-705Α & Mf-Ea-705Β, New Metabolites From Microbial Fermentation Of A Streptomyces Sp., Asfia Qureshi, Jacob B. Mauger, Raul J. Cano, Jorge L. Galazzo, May D. Lee

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Artisanal Fishing On Marine Communities In The Galápagos Islands, Benjamin I. Ruttenberg

Biological Sciences

The Galápagos Islands harbor some of the least impacted marine ecosystems in the tropics, but there are indications that local artisanal fishing is affecting exploited marine communities. To quantify these effects, I sampled communities of fishes and sea urchins at a number of heavily fished and lightly fished sites throughout the central islands of the archipelago. Sites were selected based on information collected as part of a local fisheries monitoring study and standardized across a number of abiotic factors. Abundance and biomass of the primary target species were significantly lower in the heavily fished sites than in the lightly fished …

The Effect Of Low Temperature Blanching On The Texture Of Whole Processed New Potatoes, Helen Crowley

Masters

This study was undertaken to investigate 1) the effect of low temperature blanching on the firmness of processed whole new potatoes and 2) to determine the extent to which the activity of pectin methyl esterase (PME), a naturally occurring enzyme in fruits and vegetable (proposed to play a role in firming using low blanching temperatures), contributes to improved firmness in processed pre-blanched potatoes. Whole new potatoes (var. Maris peer from Portugal and Nicola from England) were blanched at temperatures of 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 90 and 100°C for times of 5 up to 60 minutes to investigate texture changes …

The Role Of Environmental Analogs In Identifying Potentially Invasive Woody Plants In Iowa, Mark P. Widrlechner

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Americans cultivate a large and diverse range of introduced woody plants as important sources of food and forest products, as well as for urban horticulture, amenity and wildlife plantings, and windbreaks. A small number of these species have become serious pests, disrupting well-established native plant communities or functioning as range and agricultural weeds. More of these species are not serious pests today, but have escaped cultivation and serve as potential sources of future outbreaks. Two other sources of potentially invasive woody plants are found among species that are not or are only rarely cultivated, about which we often know little …

Potential Runoff Accumulation In Wheatbelt Towns Of Western Australia, Mahtab Ali, Travis Cattlin, Neil Coles, Sharam Sharafi

Resource management technical reports

Describes an analysis of flood runoff volumes from 16 small, gauged catchments in the agricultural areas of south western Australia. It also describes methods for estimating flood runoff volumes from ungauged catchments. The independent variables found to be statistically significant in explaining the variability in flood runoff volumes from the gauged catchments were catchment area, mean annual rainfall and the percentage of the catchment that was cleared. No soil factor was found to be significant.

Percent G+C Profiling Accurately Reveals Diet-Related Differences In The Gastrointestinal Microbial Community Of Broiler Chickens, Juha H. A. Apajalahti, Anu Kettunen, Michael R. Bedford, William E. Holben

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Broiler chickens from eight commercial farms in Southern Finland were analyzed for the structure of their gastrointestinal microbial community by a nonselective DNA-based method, percent G+C-based profiling. The bacteriological impact of the feed source and in-farm whole-wheat amendment of the diet was assessed by percent G+C profiling. Also, a phylogenetic 16S rRNA gene (rDNA)-based study was carried out to aid in interpretation of the percent G+C profiles. This survey showed that most of the 16S rDNA sequences found could not be assigned to any previously known bacterial genus or they represented an unknown species of one of the taxonomically heterogeneous …

Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel As(V)-Reducing Bacterium: Implications For Arsenic Mobilization And The Genus Desulfitobacterium, Allison Niggemyer, Stefan Spring, Erko Stackebrandt, Frank Rosenzweig

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Dissimilatory arsenate-reducing bacteria have been implicated in the mobilization of arsenic from arsenic-enriched sediments. An As(V)-reducing bacterium, designated strain GBFH, was isolated from arsenic-contaminated sediments of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Strain GBFH couples the oxidation of formate to the reduction of As(V) when formate is supplied as the sole carbon source and electron donor. Additionally, strain GBFH is capable of reducing As(V), Fe(III), Se(VI), Mn(IV) and a variety of oxidized sulfur species. 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparisons reveal that strain GBFH is closely related to Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2^T and Desulfitobacterium frappieri PCP-1^T. Comparative physiology demonstrates that D …

Groundwater Study Of The Wongan Hills Townsite, M Deshon

Resource management technical reports

A groundwater study was carried out in the townsite of Wongan Hills, Western Australia. It aimed to accelerate the implementation of effective salinity management options. The study consisted of a drilling investigation, installation of a piezometer network, a pumping test, groundwater flow modelling and a flood risk analysis.

Yarra Yarra Catchment : Rapid Catchment Appraisal Report 2001, M Clarke

Resource management technical reports

Using the Rapid Catchment Appraisal process, this report summarises current information for the Yarra Yarra Catchment, Northern Agricultural Region in Western Australia. The Rapid Catchment Appraisal (RCA) process is one of the processes included in the strategy to tackle salinity and its management in Western Australia. The RCA process provides a 'snap shot' of information on the risk and impact to agricultural production and natural resources within regional geographic catchments.

Ard News December 2001

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

Comments from the Dean
ARB Budget Reduction
Understanding Indirect Costs
Economic Value of Land Grant University
Undergraduate Honors Research Program
New or Revised Projects
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
Grants and Contracts Received October and November 2001

Groundwater Study Of The Woodanilling Townsite, Ben Whitfield

Resource management technical reports

A groundwater study was carried out in the townsite of Woodanilling, Western Australia. It aimed to accelerate the implementation of effective salinity management options. The study consisted of a drilling investigation, installation of a piezometer network, groundwater flow modelling and a flood risk analysis.

Lort And Young Rivers Catchment : Catchment Appraisal 2001, Jamie Bowyer, Esperance Catchment Support Team (Wa)

Resource management technical reports

Using the Rapid Catchment Appraisal process, this report summarises current information for the Lort and Young Rivers Catchment, 75 kilometres west of Esperance in Western Australia. The Rapid Catchment Appraisal (RCA) process is one of the processes included in the strategy to tackle salinity and its management in Western Australia. The RCA process provides a 'snap shot' of information on the risk and impact to agricultural production and natural resources within regional geographic catchments.

The Influence Of Peat And Inorganic Amendments On Physical Properties Of Sand-Based Rootzones, Freddie C. Waltz Jr.

All Dissertations

Many golf course putting greens and athletic fields are constructed with a medium consisting of a high sand content. Peat is the most common amendment to rootzone sand (RZS). However, a trend to replace peat with inorganic soil amendments (IOSA), such as calcined clay (CC) and diatomaceous earth (DE), is occurring. Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate physical and hydraulic properties of rootzone mixtures and a field study investigated the potential of IOSA as a replacement to peat. In laboratory evaluations, amended RZS reduced the bulk density of all mixtures, while saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) for the RZS and mixtures …

Predicting Risk To Biodiversity As A Function Of Aquifer Pressure In Gab Mound Springs, A. J. Tyre, Brigitte Tenhumberg, H.P. Possingham

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Plants and aquatic invertebrates endemic to mound springs of the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) of Australia are of national biodiversity significance. Springs occur in groups, and current survey data suggest that local extinction and recolonisation within a group does occur naturally. Mound spring fauna are therefore good examples of true metapopulations, and any study of the environmental impacts on these systems must take this into account. Use of GAB water leads to drawdown of the pressure in the aquifer. This can potentially impact mound spring flora and fauna in two ways. First, as pressure decreases, so does flow from spring …

Forage News [2001-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Nitrogen Credits for Alfalfa
• Kentucky’s Top Hay Counties
• Grazing Conference Big Success
• Understanding Forage Quality
• Commissioner Smith to Keynote Alfalfa Conference
• Phase 1 Update
• Common Red Clover is a Non-Winner
• Upcoming Events

Eurasian Watermilfoil: Status And Management In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In 1993, Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) was discovered in Crystal Lake, Hancock County, Iowa. During the next three years, new infestations were discovered by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) fisheries personnel in four Iowa lakes. In July 1996, a program was established by the IDNR to address the threat posed by Eurasian watermilfoil to Iowa's aquatic ecosystems. As part of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program, statewide aquatic vegetation monitoring was begun to identify those lakes currently infested with Eurasian watermilfoil. Monitoring activities were conducted by IDNR field technicians during the summers of 1996 through 2000. During this time …

Fall Field Report, August-November 2001, W. Ross Silcock

Nebraska Bird Review

This Fall Report offers something for everybody. Leading off are significant breeding reports of Ruddy Duck in the Rainwater Basin and Snowy Plover at Lake McConaughy. As observers bird more regularly in late July to early August we are finding that many species begin to move earlier than often realized. There were many reports of birds such as failed breeders, molt migrants, and early-fledged juveniles wandering about. Some of these prove tough identification challenges, too. Early birds were mostly water-related; Eared Grebe, Red-necked Grebe, Double-crested Cormorant, and Osprey, but also Prairie Falcon in the east, and Rusty Blackbird too. Some …

Nebraska Bird Review- Whole Issue December 2001 Volume 69 Number 4

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Fall Field Report, August-November 2001 Compiled
by W. Ross Silcock ..........................158

Species Accounts.......................... 160

Bird Records of Sporting Editor Sandy Griswold on Fowl
Hunting Trips in the Sand Hills from 1887 to 1928
by J. E. Ducey ..........................190

Index for Volume 69, 1-4 ..........................212

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 33, No.4 December 2001

The Prairie Naturalist

SPECIES, SEASON, AND DENSITY OF BURIED SEEDS SURVIVING FOX SQUIRREL DEPREDATION ▪ C. C. Smith, and J. M. Briggs

RELATI0NSHIP OF HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND POPULATlONS OF BREEDING PIPING PLOVERS ▪ D. S. Licht,

DEMODICOSIS IN A WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ C. N. Jacques, J. A Jenks. M. B. Hildreth. R. J. Schauer, and D. D. Johnson

SURVEYS OF CALLING AMPHIBIANS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ D. H. Johnson, and R. D. Batie

EFFECTS OF HUMAN PRESENCE ON VOCALIZATIONS OF GRASSLAND BIRDS IN KANSAS ▪ S. L Bye, R. J. Robel, and K. E. Kemp

Reviewers 2001

Author …

Rediscovery And Redescription Of Ceradryops Punctatus Hinton, 1937 (Coleoptera: Dryopidae), P. J. Spangler, C. L. Staines

Insecta Mundi

Ceradryops punctatus Hinton horn Sri Lanka is redescribed and illustrated. Notes are made on the

Occurrence Of The Milliped Pachydesmus Crassicutis Adsinicolus Hoffman In Florida (Polydesrnida: Xystodesmidae), Rowland M. Shelley

Insecta Mundi

The xystodesmid milliped tribe Pachydesmini is represented in the southeastern states by three genera - Pachydesmus Cook, Dicellarius Chamberlin, and Thrinaxoria Chamberlin and Hoffman -eight species, and five subspecies (Hoffman 1958, 1999; Shelley 1984, 2002). The only one presently known from Florida is Dicellarius, represented by D. okefenokensis (Chamberlin), in the peninsula, and D. b. bimaculatus (McNeill) and D. b. fictus (Chamberlin) in the panhandle (Shelley 1984,2001).

Hydrocolus Heggiensis, A New Species From Georgia And South Carolina (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), Janet C. Ciegler

Insecta Mundi

Hydrocolus heggiensis, a new species of predacious water beetle, is described from granite monadnocks in Georgia and one location in South Carolina. It most closely resembles H. stagnalis (Gemminger and Harold) but differs in range, genitalia, and elytral punctation. Photographs, drawings, and an interpolation of the new species into existing keys are given.

Systematic Redefinition Of The New World Didactyliini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) With Descriptions Of Two New Species Of Aidophus Balthasar, Marco Dellacasa, Robert D. Gordon, Phillip J. Harpootlian, Zdzislawa Stebnicka, Giovanni Dellacasa

Insecta Mundi

As now understood, the New World Didactyliini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) consists of eleven species of Aidophus Balthasar, two of which are new, and the introduced Australaphodius frenchi (Blackburn). Keys, descriptions and figures are provided to distinguish all included species.

Replacement Name For Euchitonia Kolbe, 1894 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Callichromatini), Daniel J. Heffern

Insecta Mundi

Euchitonia Kolbe, 1894, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a junior homonym of Euchitonia Ehrenberg, 1861, (Protozoa). Euchitonia Kolbe consists of four, large, uncommon species known from peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and Java. Podan$ (1968) revised Euchitonia Kolbe, but omitted E. menzelii Ritsema. Subsequently, Hayashi (1978) synonymized E. malayana Podany under E. menzelii Ritsema. More recently, Hudepohl(1983) described E. constanzae but questionably placed it in the genus. Huedepohliana, nomen novum, is proposed to replace Euchitonia Kolbe. The following new combinations are created: Huedepohliana constanzae (Hudepohl), H. menzelii (Ritsema), H. superba (Aurivillius), H. suspecta (Ritsema). The new generic name honors Dr. Karl-Emst Hudepohl …

Supplying Craft Breweries With Locally Produced Ingredients, Food Processing Center

Food Processing Center: Reports

This report summarizes the initial findings of a survey of 52 craft breweries (brewpubs, microbreweries, and regional breweries) in the states of Colorado, Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. The head brewer or owner/operator was surveyed to determine the craft brewing industries’ level of interest in purchasing locally grown and produced grains and locally produced malt, as well as the procurement needs for the ingredients they purchase.

The craft brewing industry, which mushroomed in the early to mid 1990’s, slowed to a crawl in the late 1990’s, however, the industry began to rebound in 2000 as volume for craft brewers …

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Introduced Fungi: Some Cause Significant Plant Disease Problems, Lois H. Tiffany

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Species of the three groups of fungi characterized here on the basis of their energy source acquisition have differing potentials for becoming problem organisms following introduction as alien fungi new to Iowa. The decomposer group of fungi that obtain an energy supply by action of extracellular enzyme activity on dead plant tissues typically have perennial mycelium, are cosmopolitan in distribution, and are unlikely to become problems even if established. The second group, the mycorrhizal/lichen group are highly specific in their relationships. The mycorrhizal fungus group have a potential for being introduced as mycorrhiza already established with the roots of particular …

History And Development Of The Eurasian Watermilfoil Program In Iowa, Gary S. Phillips

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Following a concerted effort by citizens of the Iowa Great Lakes area to address the threat posed by Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) to waterbodies in Iowa, the Iowa Eurasian Watermilfoil Law was passed in 1996 by the Iowa legislature. Passage of this law led to the establishment of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program in July 1996 to address the requirements specified by this legislation. Since establishment of the Eurasian Watermilfoil Program, numerous activities have been carried out to address the threat posed to aquatic ecosystems by Eurasian watermilfoil. These include public awareness and education, boat access monitoring, aquatic vegetation monitoring, …

Ecological Problems With Iowa's Invasive And Introduced Fishes, Neil P. Bernstein, John R. Olson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Since the time of European settlement, at least 59 non-indigenous fish species have been introduced, reached, or moved within Iowa waters. At least 28 nonnative fish species have been introduced into, or reported from Iowa waters since settlement. Of that number, 10 are established at this time through natural reproduction. In addition, many species of native fishes have been translocated within the state, and we provide documentation for 31 of these species. Two translocated species, gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and yellow bass (Marone mississippiensis), have had adverse impacts on Iowa's aquatic ecosystems. While many introductions are thought to be benign, …