Life Sciences Commons^™

Helping Dairy Producers Reduce The Scc, Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

Practicing veterinarians are in an excellent position to help dairy producers recognize and deal with the problem of elevated somatic cell counts (SCC). Yet they are seldom asked to assist. A high SCC is an indication of chronic, subclinical mastitis in the herd and is also an indication of significant economic losses.

Behavior Depends On Consequences, Behave

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing Grazing Tolerance, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication discusses the different factors that influence grazing intolerance.

Ignoring Variation: Are We Missing Opportunities?, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication discusses the fact that each individual person and animal is so unique from one another and the opportunity to study and learn about the differences rather than the similarities and averages is often passed up.

Ingestion Of Toxic Plants By Herbivores, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication goes over the different types of toxins commonly produced by and found in plants.

Learning About Foods And Locations, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication discusses the different ways that animals learn and adapt by being in different places and experiencing different things.

Cuffed Knit Slippers, Debra Proctor

All Current Publications

Cuffed Knit Slippers.

Meat And Dairy Goats In Cache County, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Cache County, like other counties in the Western United States, is experiencing a major transition in land use. Though we still have a host of relatively large acreage, well managed crop and livestock farms, the number of smaller acreages is increasing.

Nutrients Influence Palatability, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Animals form preferences for foods with high levels of energy and protein especially if they release quickly during digestion.

Proper Use Of Ammoniated Low-Quality Forages For The Wintering Of Spring-Calving Beef Cow Herds In The Intermountain West, D. R. Zobell

All Current Publications

Low‐quality forages (LQF) such as cereal straws or post‐ripe hays are often used as economical feed sources for the wintering of beef cow herds. The ammoniation of such forages increases the digestibility and crude protein (CP) enough so that these forages can be used as the basis of beef cow diets, even during late gestation and early lactation if supplemented properly.

Reducing The Incidence Of Dark Cutting Beef In Junior Livestock Shows, Lyle N. Holmgren, Dale R. Zobell

All Current Publications

4-H and FFA livestock shows place cattle in a surrounding where they are stressed physically and psychologically. They are exposed to physical exertion, unfamiliar smells, tastes, sounds, people, cattle and other animals Owners of beef cattle who place them in these situations need to understand that stress can be reduced or eliminated with proper care and management.

Using Low Moisture Blocks To Improve Livestock Distribution And Forage Utilization, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Do you often eat at the same restaurants even if your town is loaded with places to eat? People frequent the same restaurants for a variety of reasons from the quality and type of food, to cost, to distance from home, to simply being unfamiliar with the alternatives.

Possible Sustained Effects Of Hurricanes Opal And Erin On The Macrobenthos Of Nearshore Habitats Within The Gulf Islands National Seashore, Chet F. Rakocinski, Sara E. Lecroy, Jerry A. Mclelland, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Possible sustained effects of hurricanes Opal and Erin on the macrobenthos of nearshore habitats of the Florida district of Gulf Islands National Seashore were assessed. Pre-hurricane macrobenthic data originating mainly from a large-scale faunal inventory conducted during 1993 were compared with posthurricane data collected one year after the 1995 disturbances. Nearshore habitats examined included both exposed and protected sand beaches, as well as grassbed and lagoon sites. Within one year after the hurricanes, few faunal effects could be discerned at exposed beach sites, whereas possible faunal effects were apparent in protected nearshore habitats. Abundances of 4 major epifaunal crustacean taxa …

Response Of The Tick Dermacentor Variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) To Hemocoelic Inoculation Of Borrelia Burgdorferi (Spirochetales), Robert Johns, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Wayne L. Hynes

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

When Borrelia burgdorferi B31 low passage strain spirochetes were directly injected into the hemocoel of Dermacentor variabilis(Say) females, the bacteria were cleared from the hemocoel within < 24 h. Viable spirochetes were not found in hemolymph, salivary gland, or ovary tissues by subculturing or by IFA. The hemocyte population increased ≈6 times within the first 6 h after inoculation compared with the uninoculated controls. In contrast, the soluble total hemolymph protein content decreased inversely with the increase in hemocytes. Borreliacidal activity was demonstrated with cell-free hemolymph from D. variabilis. In vitro antimicrobial assays using hemolymph from borrelia-challenged and nonchallenged ticks resulted in 72% spirochete reductions compared with only 11.5%, respectively, within 1 h. Additional evidence of induced antimicrobial hemolymph protein activity was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE, which revealed upregulation of a lysozyme-like peptide (≈ 15 kDa) (22% increase) and the induction of a ≈ 5.8 kDa peptide in the B. burgdorferi-challenged ticks. In contrast with the nonvector borne Bacillus subtilis …

Field Maps 2000, Grace K. Attea, Ryan W. Mcewan, John L. Vankat

Data Files for Old-Growth Deciduous Forest Dynamics Archive: Hueston Woods

Historical field map scans (2000) for the permanent 100m x 105m research plot in Hueston Woods State Nature Preserve.

Maps were digitized in 2022.

Landscape Differences In The Ecology Of The Rufous Treecreeper Climacteris Rufa, Gary W. Luck

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Anthropogenic habitat modification is a significant threat to the conservation or global biodiversity. The fragmentation and alteration of woodland habitat has resulted in the substantial decline of many woodland bird species in the agricultural regions of southern Australia. The Rufous Treecreeper Climacteris rufaa, a once common woodland resident, has declined in abundance in the wheatbelt of Western Australia and appears to be sensitive to habitat fragmentation. The reasons for this are unclear because our knowledge of the species and the threats posed by fragmentation arc limited. In this study, I compared the social organisation, habitat selection, reproductive success, dispersal and …

Identification Of Potential Molecular Biomarkers Of Cadmium Induced Stress In C̲Hironomus Tentans ̲, David Hunter Dyer

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The objective of this research was to identify potential molecular biomarkers by looking for differences in the mRNA expression patterns between cadmium exposed and non-exposed freshwater aquatic invertebrate larvae. In the future, genes that indicate sublethal damage to a population at risk could be used to monitor the degradation or regeneration of an ecosystem. For this study, laboratory reared Chironomus tentans were placed in a sublethal concentration of cadmium treated water and the genes turned on in response to the cadmium were isolated from a cDNA subtract library. Six genes were identified and two potential biomarkers of environmental stress, ferritin …

Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Larval Gobiosoma Bosc In Waters Adjacent To Natural And Altered Marsh-Edge Habitats Of Mississippi Coastal Waters, J. Read Hendon, Mark S. Peterson, Bruce H. Comyns

Faculty Publications

Larval naked gobies, Gobiosoma bose, were collected monthly from October 1995 to September 1997 by beam plankton trawl from waters adjacent to natural Juncus/Spartina marsh-edge, natural sandy beach and altered Juncus/Spartina marsh-edge habitats in Mississippi coastal waters. Altered marsh habitats consisted of two bulkheaded stations and one stretch of riprap. Abundances were significantly higher in waters adjacent to natural marsh-edge habitats than in those adjacent to altered habitats in year one (P = 0.011), suggesting that the physical nature of alteration may have caused reduced habitat suitability. Abundances also varied seasonally, with summer conditions of high water temperature, increasing tide …

Mapping The Boulder City Wetlands Using A Global Positioning System (Gps) And A Geographic Information System (Gis), Jennifer Lea Bishop

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The Boulder City Wetlands is a constructed wetlands park located in Boulder City, Nevada, approximately 23 miles southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. Currently, a baseline study of water quality is being conducted in the Boulder City Wetlands. This baseline study of the wetlands is an important step in understanding the development of the Boulder City Wetlands over time. As wastewater is eventually introduced into the existing community tap water running through the wetlands, it is expected that the nitrogen within the water will enhance the growth of vegetation in the surrounding area. Comparing the vegetation growth over time is only …

Effect Of Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium And Potassium Levels In Seminal Plasma Of Holstein Bulls On Spermatological Characters, Seyfetti̇n Gür, Eşref Demi̇rci̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the levels calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in the seminal plasma of bulls, semen volume, sperm motility, sperm concentration and the correlation between these parametres. Five Holstein bulls constituted the material of this study. Twenty ejaculates were collected from each bull and the spermatological characteristics of these ejaculates were determined. Then, seminal plasma was separated from 3ml semen from each ejaculate by centrifugation at 1500g for 20 min at 4 °C. Calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium concentrations in seminal plasma were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The average values for calcium, magnesium, sodium and …

Influence Of Corn Phenology On Adult Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Distribution, Stephanie J. Darnell, Lance J. Meinke, Linda J. Young

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Field studies were designed to more clearly determine how adult western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, population distribution patterns are altered over time by changes and contrasts in corn (Zea mays L.) plant phenology using whole-plant beetle counts as the sampling tool. In 1994, studies were conducted in a model system consisting of a late-planted corn strip placed in the middle of an early-planted cornfield. The system was replicated over three fields. Large-scale variation was modeled using trend-surface regression analysis to describe the relationship between beetle counts and distance from the center of the late-planted strip. In each …

Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci From The Lettuce Root Aphid, Pemphigus Bursarius, Nicholas Miller, A. J. Birley, G. M. Tatchell

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Pemphigus bursarius is an occasional pest of agriculture with an annual life cycle that alternates between sexual reproduction on black poplars (Populus nigra) and parthenogenetic reproduction on the root systems of various Compositae, including lettuce. In general, aphids exhibit low allozyme variability (e.g. Tomiuk & Wöhrmann 1980), possibly as a consequence of the response of parthenogenetic lineages to natural selection (Hales et al. 1997). Microsatellite loci are typically more variable than allozymes (Tautz 1989) and are likely to provide a more informative system for the study of aphid populations.

Comparison Of Bt (Bacillus Thuringiensis Berliner) Maize And Conventional Measures For Control Of The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Thomas L. Clark, J. E. Foster, Shripat T. Kamble, Elvis A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Field experiments were conducted in 1997 to compare the efficacy Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner) maize hybrids and two conventional measures for control of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner). Treatments consisted of transgenic Bt-maize hybrids and their non-Bt isolines, and isolines treated with a formulated Bt or permethrin insecticide. All control measures significantly reduced O. nubilalis damage in terms of tunnels per plant, length of tunneling, and larvae per plant. The following hierarchy in terms of O. nubilalis efficacy was observed: transgenic Bt > permethrin > formulated Bt > control. In most cases, transgenic Bt maize was most effective in preventing …

Analysis Of The Livestock Production System Of The Poroma Community In The 2 Section Of The Oropeza Province, Department Of Chuquisaca, Freddy Claudio Ramí­Rez Serrudo

Theses and Dissertations

This study was performed in the Poroma community of the Oropeza Province, in the department of Chuquisaca. The Poroma community is characterized by a high poverty level among its members due to a number of different factors. Some of the major factors include: a restricted market, small farms, an absence of support systems, and a lack of support for agricultural development. This lack of support is seen in areas such as: research, roads, electricity, technical assistance, marketing systems, organization, and institutions that support rural development. Numerous studies on the production systems of farmers have described and analyzed the agricultural components …

Evaluation Of 4 Small Doses Of Fertilizer In Growing Maize (Zea Mays L.) In Two Communities Of San Juan Ermita, Chiquimula, Victor Estuardo Villalta Garcia

Theses and Dissertations

Corral de Piedra and Salitron are two communities located in the municipality of San Juan Ermita, which is in the department of Chiquimula, Guatemala. In both communities, the land has very sloped topography with slope grades ranging from 12 to 55%. Agriculture is the main production activity with corn (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) being the crops of greatest economic importance. These crops are planted through a system of sequential association commonly called relay. First, corn is planted at the beginning of the rainy season (May or June). Once it has completed its reproductive cycle, beans are planted …

Phenotypic Effects Of Leptin In An Ectotherm: A New Tool To Study The Evolution Of Life Histories And Endothermy?, Peter H. Niewiarowski

Biology Faculty Research

Leptin is a hormone that regulates energy expenditure and body mass in mammals, and it has attracted considerable attention because of its potential in treating human obesity. Comprehensive data from both pathological and non-pathological systems strongly support a role for leptin in regulating energy metabolism, in thermoregulation and in regulating the onset of puberty. We report here that daily injections of recombinant murine leptin in fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) produce phenotypic effects similar to those observed when leptin injections are given to mice, Lizards injected with leptin had body temperatures 0.6 degrees C higher, ate 30 % less food and …

Macrophyte-Dominated Clearwater State Of Lake Mogan, S. Levent Burnak, Meryem Bekli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the water chemistry and zooplankton community of Lake Mogan studied between March 1997 and April 1998. Small-scale industries, crop-farming, urban settlement of the municipality of Gölbaşı with the untreated raw sewage effluent and recreational activities are examples of the human impact within the catchment and the lake, leading to high loading of DIN and TP into the lake via the inflows. However, the natural wetland with the dense reedbeds (Çölovası or ‚Çökek Bataklığı), located on the southern end of the lake, appear to act as a sink for these nutrients. Therefore, the in-lake concentartions of DIN and …

The Availability And The Use Of Basic Services In Relation To The Nutritional Status, Acute Diarrhetic Diseases And Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Under Five Years Of Age In Three Rural Communities Of The Imbabura Province During The 1998-1999 Period, Margarita Caicedo Ceron

Theses and Dissertations

To a large degree, the political and economic conditions of third world countries influence poverty levels, especially in rural areas. This poverty affects the availability of basic services, such as potable water, refuse elimination, housing, and sewage systems. As a consequence of these deficiencies, more diseases are transmitted through the water and environment. These diseases include acute diarrhea and acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age. Consequently, it is important to have available water and sewage elimination to control these diseases among children and the general population.

Evaluation Of Forty-Two Corn (Zea Mays L.) Genotypes And Their Tolerance To Drought In Chiquimula, Servin Ardany Flores Galdámez

Theses and Dissertations

The Corral de Piedra community is located in Chiquimula, Guatemala. The main agricultural activities are corn and bean production, small-scale gardens, and small animal production, such as poultry and pigs. The crop areas are predominantly located on lands with slopes between 12 and 55%, presenting low fertility conditions and poor moisture retention capabilities. In addition, local crop varieties have low productivity potentials and the winter season is characterized by poorly distributed and erratic periods of rain. The Benson Institute introduced a technology transfer model to increase and diversify agricultural production, while preserving current natural resources. An integral part of this …

Agro-Socio-Economic Evaluation Of Three Rural Communities In The Colta Canton Of The Chimborazo Province, Ivan Asaquibay Paucar

Theses and Dissertations

The faculty of natural resources, School of Agricultural Engineering of ESPOCH, with an agreement since 1992 with the Benson Institute of Brigham Young University has been working with the development of small scale production before its diffusion it is necessary to know the real social- economic conditions and the technological levels of the most important harvests of the communities, that when this model is involved in the aspects that affect the production. For this reason this investigation was made necessary in which the following objectives were raised: 1. Evaluate the social-economic conditions of the communities of San Lorenzo of Cahuiña, …