Life Sciences Commons^™

Plybond Strength Development Of Secondary Fiber Using The Marine Polymer Chitosan, Christopher G. Sinkovitz

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate plybond strength development of secondary fiber by the addition of the marine polymer chitosan.

The chitosan was applied to refined, lightly refined and unrefined pulp suspensions. Two-ply handsheets were produced with addition levels of .5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 percent chitosan based on fiber weight.

Results indicate that addition of chitosan to two-ply handsheets significantly increased plybond strength from 30 to 120 percent depending on furnish and degree of refining. It was also determined that maximum strength values of selected tests occurred at approximately the two percent addition level of chitosan. …

Effects Of The Degree And Type Of Sizing On The Dyeing Of Paper, J. Pease

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A study was made comparing papers dyed in a rosin/alum sized system to papers dyed in two alkaline sized systems. The alkaline sizes chosen were alkyl ketene dimer and alkenyl succinic anhydride. The dye types studied were acid, basic, anionic direct, and cationic direct. The degree of sizing was varied for each sizing type to see if the amount of sizing would effect dye retention. The papers dyed with anionic and cationic direct dyes and the basic dye were not significantly effected by sizing type of sizing degree. The direct dyes did give a lighter shade when the rosin size …

Sulphonation Of Tmp Fibers, Alfonso Bello

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Paper made from TMP fibers offers good opacity and stiffness, but its use is limited because of its low strength. Chemical post-treatment of TMP offers possibilities of improving strength. Sulphonation of lignin appears to be the most economically feasible treatment. This thesis was oriented toward finding out if sulphonation of TMP fibers would improve the strength properties of TMP handsheets. Southern pine TMP fibers were treated with sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃). The chemical concentration to be used was between 3-27% in alkali solution between pH 7-9. The temperature was between 90°-150°C. Pulp was consistency was 10%. Handsheets …

The Effects Of Temperature And Ph In Flotation Deinking Of Ultraviolet-Cured Inks, Jeffrey A. Downing

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Since 1974, the use of ultraviolet-cured inks and coatings has become popular with the printing industry. Unfortunately for the deinking industry, removal of these inks is difficult using conventional methods in the U.S. Theory and laboratory work suggests these special inks may be removed using the flotation process.

It was discovered that the optimum flotation cell temperature for UV-cured inks is not significantly different than the optimum temperature for normal emulsifiable inks. However, optimum cell pH was found to be different between the two inks, and most effective at low pH for UV-cured ink.

Integrated Deinking System, Gregory A. Murray

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This project concentrated on the development and subsequent results of an integrated deinking system. Although the chemistry and basic principles are quite different, a few European companies are successfully combining the two·systems by taking advantage of the differences.

Advantages of an integrated system over the conventional type included higher brightness, lower ash content and decreased sensitivity to particle size.

The experiment consisted of two different two-stage deinking systems. Each system was run twice; once with a sodium-precipitate chemistry and once with a calcium precipitate chemistry.

The system with first stage flotation, second stage washing and sodium chemistry was determined to …

The Effect Of Temperature On The Emulsification Of Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride, Steven S. Riegsecker

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this study is to look at the effect of starch temperature on the emulsification of ASA. Historical information was limited, but it was discovered that an emulsion particle size range of 1-2 microns would give optimum size results.

A continuous emulsification apparatus was constructed using a glass venturi and power syringe to emulsify the starch and ASA. The basic conclusions drawn from the experiment were that the starch temperature did have an effect on the final sizing characteristics of the sheets. It was also possible to correlate a visual inspection of the emulsions with the final test …

Refiner Peroxide Bleaching, Sharon E. Perkins

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Refiner peroxide bleaching trials were carried out at the Abitibi-Price Research pilot plant using a Sunds-Defibrator CD300 pilot-scale refiner. Results show that, at the pilot scale, blowline addition of bleach liquor gives better brightness gains than addition in the refining zone. Using this technique, brightness gains equivalent to tower bleaching can be obtained when the bleaching parameters are properly controlled. The most important factors were post-refiner retention time and temperature, and the alkali charge in the bleach liquor. These three factors were shown to be highly interdependent. Refining pressure (temperature) was shown to have little effect on brightness gain in …

An Analysis Of Binder Migration During Drying At Different Rates, Tokunbo S. Onadipe

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this laboratory study is to quantitatively analyze the distribution of adhesive during drying at different rates. The effect of binder migration on physical paper coating properties was also studied. This report reviews past laboratory studies on binder migration, and the factors that affect binder migration. The coating application was done on a laboratory keegan coater. Dried coating was physically removed using a surface grinder, and the grind offs were analyzed for latex concentration, to determine the degree of binder migration. A gravimetric method of analysis was used to separate the latex and clay. Results showed that the …

Explorations, Vol. 1, No. 1, R. D. Blake, Katherine Carter, David Mackinnon Ebitz, Carole J. Bombard, Stephen A. Norton

Explorations — A Journal of Research

Welcome to the first issue of Explorations, A Journal of Research at the University of Maine at Orono.

Join us as we explore a representative selection of the pure and applied research of our faculty. At UMO, we believe that research can capture the imagination and invigorate the mind, as well as contribute directly to the quality of life of the citizens we serve.

In this first issue, we have selected four areas of research that span the disciplines of biological and environmental sciences and the arts. This is but a small part of the research conducted by the faculty …

B802: Base-Age Invariant Polymorphic Site Index Curves For Even-Aged Spruce-Fir Stands In Maine, Bret P. Vicary, Thomas B. Brann, Raph H. Griffin

Bulletins

The spruce-fir forest cover type, occupying nearly 8 million acres in Maine, accounts for approximately 50 percent of the growing stock volume in the State. A similar portion of Maine's commercial forest land is owned and managed by forest industry, with spruce and fir being the mainstay of the industry.

Analyses in recent years of Maine's timber supply have shown softwood removals to exceed growth. The dramatic effects of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura.fumiferana (Clemens)) on the spruce-fir forest of Maine has heightened concern over the timber supply. A greater emphasis on management is necessary if timber growth is to keep …

The Effects Of Seed Size And Maternal Origin On The Distribution Of Individual Plant Size In Ludwigia Leptocarpa (Onagraceae), Rebecca W. Dolan

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Seed size is normally distributed for many annual species, while mature plant size is frequently positively skewed. A study was conducted to determine the influence of seed size and the role of genetic differences in determining relative seedling size for Ludwigia leptocarpa. Seed size had a significant effect on percentage germination and time of seed germination but no effect on dry weight or leaf area of seedlings. Seed size and spacing had a significant effect on seedling dry weight for plants grown under competition, while relative day of emergence had no effect. Familial (genetic) differences were found in average seed …

Verbascum Densiflorum At The Uwm Field Station, James A. Reinartz

Field Station Bulletins

Nine of 260 species of the Eurasian genus Verba scum have been reported from North America; only two (y. thapsus and y. blattaria) are common. Verba scum densiflorum is well established in the U.S. only in southeast Wisconsin in the area immediately surrounding the Field Station where it is an aggressive weed. It differs morphologically, phenologically and ecologically from either y. thapsus or y. phlomoides, the two more common species which it superficially resembles.

Seasonal Changes And Overwintering Of Endoparasites In The Bat (Myotis Lucifugus) In A Southeastern Wisconsin Hibernaculum, James R. Coggins

Field Station Bulletins

Eight digenetic trematode species (Phylum Platyhelminthes, Subclass Digena), one cestode species (Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Cestoidea) and three nematode species (Phylum Nematoda) were recovered from the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus, at the Neda Mine hibernaculum in southeastern Wisconsin. Bats displayed a rich and diverse helminth fauna throughout the year. Statistically significant seasonal variation was observed for two digenetic trematodes. Mean intensities and prevalence of parasites were highest in autumn and spring and lowest in summer. Highest species diversity occurred in autumn. Greater intensity and prevalence in autumn and spring were correlated with bat swarming and emergence patterns, behavioral phenomena which …

Fungal Flora Of Southeastern Wisconsin, Kristine Ciombor, Martyn J. Dibben

Field Station Bulletins

Since its reorganization in 1981, one goal of the Wisconsin Mycological Society has been a comprehensive long-term survey of fleshy and other fungi of southeastern Wisconsin. Over a period of years, random collections are to be made at a series of selected foray sites to document spring through fall floras. The UWM Field Station is one of these foray sites. Habitat and locality are to be recorded for each specimen along with field characteristics. Each identified collection will be dried and filed in the herbarium of the Milwaukee Public Museum. To date 35 specimens representing 29 species are on file. …

Research In Plant Ecology At Uwm - 1965 To 1984, Forest Stearns

Field Station Bulletins

Ecological research on plants and plant communities has been an active program at UWM, Involving several faculty, many undergraduate and graduate students and the UWM Field Station. Aquatic and urban environments, forests and wetlands have received most attention although prairie and landscape ecology and endangered species have not been neglected. Descriptive, theoretical and applied studies are Included spanning the spectrum from the autecology of a single species to examination of entire landscapes. Over the period of 20 years, 54 M.S. theses, nine Ph.D. dissertations and numerous published papers and reports have resulted. University-sponsored research serves several purposes: discovery of new …

The Comparison Of Linear Nip Pressing Vs. Extended Nip Pressing On The Bulk And Strength Of Unbleached Kraft Linerboard, Eric J. Johnson

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

It is of increasing importance to find improved methods of dewatering in the wet press section. New technology has allowed us to improve dewatering and final sheet properties with the press section. Presently, we are faced with a choice between two pressing configurations; the conventional roll press and the extended nip press. Both press configurations are discussed. The fundamental characteristics of paper which affect it's properties are density, fiber dimensions, fiber strength, fiber orientation, and fiber bonding. This thesis investigates the effect of the pressure pulse on the final sheet properties of bulk and strength of a kraft linerboard. Strength …

Coniferous Forest Habitat Types Of Northern Utah, U.S. Forest Service, United States Department Of Agriculture, Ronald L. Mauk, Jan A. Henderson

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

A habitat type classification is presented for the coniferous forests of northern utah and adjacent areas of idaho and wyoming. The classification and descriptions are based on data from about 1,100 sample stands covering 6 years of reconnaissance sampling.

Withdrawals Of Public Lands Under The Federal Land Policy And Management Act, David H. Getches

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

17 pages.

Directions For The Future, Clyde O. Martz

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

11 pages.

Includes the Public Land Law Review Commission's 1970 report, A Program for the Future (7 pages).

Private Use Of The Public Lands – What Is The Appropriate “Fair Market Value”?, Richard L. Stroup

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

44 pages.

Contains a 4-page outline; one page of references (page 6); and 37 pages of appendices arranged in 11 topical areas.

Access To And Across Public Lands, Rebecca Love Kourlis

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

16 pages.

Contains list of references (page 1 of text).

Wilderness And The Public Lands, John D. Leshy

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

18 pages (includes chart).

Flpma, Pria, And The Western Livestock Industry, George Cameron Coggins

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

32 pages.

Contains list of research sources (pages 1-3).

Flpma As It Affects The Mining Industry, William R. Marsh

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

67 pages.

11 pages of text with appendices.

Flpma From The Perspective Of The Bureau Of Land Management, H. Robert Moore

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

14 pages.

State And Local Involvement In Bureau Of Land Management Planning Under The Federal Land Policy Act Of 1976, Tom Glass

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

8 pages.

The Blm Planning Process: Chasing The Rabbit, H. Paul Friesema, Paul J. Culhane

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

11 pages.

Public Land Law: The Development Of Federal Policy, Charles F. Wilkinson

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

19 pages.

Contains annotated list of research sources (pages 2-4).

Agenda: The Federal Land Policy And Management Act, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

Conference organizers and/or faculty included University of Colorado School of Law professors James N. Corbridge, Lawrence J. MacDonnell, David H. Getches and Charles F. Wilkinson.

This important piece of legislation, passed by Congress in 1976 following many years of extensive study and debate, directs the activities of the nation's major land manager--the Bureau of Land Management. The FLPMA conference will bring together a distinguished group of experts to review the law itself, to consider the effectiveness with which it has been implemented, and to discuss the key issues which have arisen under its implementation.

Federal Land Sales And Exchanges, Jon K. Mulford

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

140 pages (includes map).

Includes 27 pages of text, 1 page of references, and 17 appendices.