Life Sciences Commons^™

On The Notion That Insectivory Is A Specialized Condition, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Insectivory as a specialized feeding condition in mammals has not been explored as has been carnivory or herbivory. Insect-feeding, non-edentate mammals have dilambdodont teeth and modifications in the craniomandibular joint which distinguish them from other mammals such as carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores. Variation in a family of insectivorous bats, Molossidae, can be likened functionally to the kinetic-inertial and static-pressure jaw systems noted in rhipidistians, amphibians, and reptiles. Food data show that the bats with the kinetic-inertial system eat moths and ones with the static-pressure system eat beetles. Not only do these insectivorous mammals eat insects, they also are modified to …

Aspects Of Reproduction And Population Dynamics Of Bobcats In Wyoming, Douglas M. Crowe

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Distribution of the bobcat includes the 48 contiguous United States and limited occupance of southern Canada and northern Mexico. There are 11 subspecies, the one in Wyoming being Lynx rufus pallescens. Bobcats inhabit an amazing variety of habitat types, from northern boreal forests, southern swamp, and cane regions to the below sea level desert of Death Valley, California. Throughout this vast area, they utilize a wide variety of prey species. One study in Wyoming revealed at least 18 different species in the stomachs of bobcats; the cottontail rabbit being predominant. A similar study in New England revealed 20 different …

A Matter Of Understanding: An Environmental Protection Agency Film On Coyotes, F. Robert Henderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

This movie gives facts concerning the coyote. A better understanding of other living things will determine how responsibly we make adjustments in the environment and govern the earth we share with the coyote and other creatures.

1977 Fall Field Day

Nebraska Bird Review

1977 Fall Field Day

The 1977 Fall Field Day started Saturday night with a get-together at the home of the George W. Browns in Kearney. Sunday, 2 October, started out gray and chilly, but eventually developed into the fine fall day which had been ordered and promised. The trip started at the Newark Township building and went north on Nebraska 10 to the north bank of the Platte River and explored eastward along the river. After that area had been covered the group went to an area northeast of Fort Kearney. After the lunch at the Newark Township building, at …

Sixty-Five Years Of Whooping Crane Records In Nebraska, Paul A. Johnsgard, Richard Redfield

Nebraska Bird Review

In 1933, Myron Swenk determined the status of the Whooping Crane in Nebraska by summarizing all of the records then available to him, and established the general pattern of timing and geographic distribution of Whooping Crane occurrence in this state. Although the population of this species has remained very low since that time, a sufficient number of observations have been made to warrant updating his analysis and comparing the more recent records with these earlier ones. During the summer of 1977 the junior author undertook such a summary as a class project, by extracting such records from all of the …

Masthead From Nebraska Bird Review (December 1977) 45(4).

Nebraska Bird Review

Published quarterly in March, June, September, and December by the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union Inc. as its official journal and sent free to all members who are not in arrears for dues. Subscriptions (on a calendar year basis only) at $5.00 per year in the United States and $5.25 in all other counties, payable in advance. Single numbers $1.25 each.

Memberships (on a calendar year basis only): Student, $3.00; Active, $5.00; Sustaining, $7.00; Family Active, $7.00; Family Sustaining, $9.00; Life, $75.00.

All dues and subscriptions should be remitted to the Treasurer, A. W. Madison, Box 505, Sutherland, Nebraska 69165. Orders for …

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (December 1977) 45(4)

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

Sixty-five Years of Whooping Crane Records in Nebraska .......... 54

1977 Fall Field Day ............................... 56

Notes ........................................................ 57

Index of Volume XXXXV ....................................... 58

Agricultural Experiment Station News December 1977

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
NEBRASKA WATER RESOURCES CENTER
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – NOVEMBER 1977
BULLETINS PRINTED

Morphometric Variation In The Tropical Pocket Gopher (Geomys Tropicalis), Stephen L. Williams, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The tropical pocket gopher (Geomys tropicalis). which exhibits no chromosomal or genic variation, was examined for variability at the morphometrical level. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine age, sexual, and geographical variation. Significant differences were found between different age classes and between sexes. The amount of individual variation was comparable with other rodents and did not exhibit the reduced variation expressed at the chromosomal and genic levels, G. tropicalis is considered to be a monotypic species.

Sixty-Five Years Of Whooping Crane Records In Nebraska, Paul A. Johnsgard, Richard Redfield

Paul Johnsgard Collection

In 1933, Myron Swenk determined the status of the Whooping Crane in Nebraska by summarizing all of the records then available to him, and established the general pattern of timing and geographic distribution of Whooping Crane occurrence in this state. Although the population of this species has remained very low since that time, a sufficient number of observations have been made to warrant updating his analysis and comparing the more recent records with these earlier ones. During the summer of 1977 the junior author undertook such a summary as a class project, by extracting such records from all of the …

Productivity, Mortality, And Population Trends Of Wolves In Northeastern Minnesota, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Population parameters, mortality causes, and mechanisms of a population decline were studied in wolves (Canis lupus lycaon) from 1968 to 1976 in the Superior National Forest. The main method was aerial radio-tracking of 129 wolves and their packmates. Due to a decline in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), the wolf population decreased during most of the study. Average annual productivity varied from 1.5 to 3.3 pups per litter, and annual mortality rates from 7 to 65 percent. Malnutrition and intraspecific strife accounted equally for 58 percent of the mortality; human causes accounted for the remainder. As wolf …

Agricultural Experiment Station News November 1977

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE ACTING DIRECTOR'S DESK
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – October 1977
BULLETINS PRINTED

Reproductive And Testicular Characteristics Of Purebred And Crossbred Boars, E. R. Wilson, R. K. Johnson, R. P. Wettemann

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

One-hundred-ninety-five Duroc (D), Hampshire (H), Duroc x Hampshire (D x H) and Hampshire x Duroc (H x D) boars were evaluated for reproductive performance. One-hundred- sixteen boars were castrated at approximately 225 days of age to evaluate testicular and epididymidal weights and sperm numbers. Testes from crossbred boars were 95.33 ± 22.81 g heavier (P<.01) and contained 14.41 ± 3.92 billion more sperm (P<.01) than those from purebred boars. Testes from Hampshire boars were 50.40 ± 31.75 g heavier with 6.27 ± 5.45 billion more sperm than those from Durocs. There were no significant differences between breeds for caput-corpus epididymidal measurements. Durocs had 24.55 ± 12.16 billion more sperm (P<.05) in the cauda epididymis than Hampshire boars. Testes weight and testes sperm numbers were significantly correlated with caput-corpus epididymidal and cauda epididymidal sperm numbers. Correlations of testicular and epididymidal characteristics with growth rate and backfat to 100 kg were small and nonsignificant. Twenty 7.5-month to 9-month-old D1 D x H and H x D boars and 19 H boars were each mated to two Yorkshire gilts to evaluate reproductive efficiency. Conception rates were: D, 63.2%; D x H, 67.5%; H x D, 60.0%; and H, 48.6%. Number of embryos 30-days postbreeding was 10.66 ± .49 and 11.25 ± .43 (P>.10) for gilts mated to purebred and crossbred sires, respectively. Twenty-eight of 36 crossbred boars mated each time they were exposed to an estrus gilt but only 11 of 36 of the purebred boars mated each time. None of the crossbred boars failed to mate …

The Extrafloral Nectaries Of Ipomoea Carnea (Convolvulaceae), Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

lpomoea carnea (Convolvulaceae) possesses two types of extrafloral nectaries, located on the petiole and on the pedicel. These secrete a complex nectar containing sugars and amino acids. The insects attracted to the extrafloral nectaries are predominantly ants and they are relatively abundant throughout the year. A number of incidents of plant defense as a result of the presence of extrafloral nectary visitors at the extrafloral nectaries of I. carnea were observed and are consistent with the ant-guard theory of the function of extrafloral nectaries.

Wolf-Pack Buffer Zones As Prey Reservoirs, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Abstract. In a declining herd, surviving deer inhabited overlapping edges of wolf- pack territories. There, wolves hunted little until desperate, in order to avoid fatal encounters with neighbors. Such encounters reduce wolf numbers and predation pressure and apparently allow surviving deer along territory edges to repopulate the area through dispersal of their prime, less vulnerable offspring into territory cores.

Poecilancistrium Caryophyllum And Other Trypanorhynch Cestode Plerocercoids From The Musculature Of Cynoscion Nebulosus And Other Sciaenid Fishes In The Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Examination of over 3,000 fish, all sciaenids, has shown that plerocercoids of Poecilancistrium caryophyllum infect Cynoscion nebulosus, Bairdiella chrysura, Sciaenops ocellata, C. arenarius, Micropogonias undulatus, and Pogonias cromis in Mississippi Sound. In addition to P. caryophyllum, a pseudophyllidean-like trypanorhynch also infected C. nebulosus and M. undulatus. Pseudogrillotia pleistacantha selectively infected large P. cromis, Pterobothrium heteracanthum infected M. undulatus, and Pterobothrium lintoni infected Menticirrhus americanus. Prevalence and intensity of infections of P. caryophyllum in C. nebulosus from Mississippi, roughly 40% of the fish each possessing an average of about two worms, …

Nematicidal Injection: Targeted Control Of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Of Trees And Vines, D. R. Viglierchio, Armand R. Maggenti, R. V. Schmitt, G. A. Paxman

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Pressurized injection of nematicidal solutions was effective for control of nematodes within trees and vines. Significant (P = 0.01) control of Pratylenchus vulnus on grape was attained with four nonfumigants (carbofuran, oxamyl, phenamiphos, and sulfocarb) and one fumigant nematicide (DBCP). Pratylenchus penetrans was controlled (P = 0.05 and 0.1) in apples and walnuts with sulfocarb and oxamyl. This species also was controlled in apples with carbofuran and phenamiphos. The advantages of pressure injection over traditional methods of nematicide applications are discussed.

Results Of The Seventh International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1975, K. D. Wilhelmi, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

This is the seventh report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, and (3) test the degree of expression and stability of …

Monoecocestus Thomasi Sp. N. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From The Northern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Sabrinus (Shaw), In Oregon, Robert L. Rausch, C. Maser

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Monoecocestus thomasi sp. n. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), from the northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw), in Oregon, is described and distinguished from its congeners. Monoecocestus thomasi is the sixth species of Monoecocestus to be described from nearctic rodents, and the first from a member of the family Sciuridae. Our comparisons of taxonomic characters of the nominal species of Monoecocestus in North American rodents have shown that M. giganticus Buhler 1970 is a synonym of M. americanus (Stiles 1895), both from the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus). Insemination in Monoecocestus spp. is discussed, with the conclusion that it takes place only by way …

Farm, Ranch And Home Quarterly Institute Of Agriculture And Natural Resources, University Of Nebraska- Lincoln

Farm, Ranch and Home Quarterly

In this issue:

2 From the Vice Chancellor

3 Behind the Branches

5 Loneliness

7 Sprayer Kills Weed Escapes and Recovers Your Herbicide

9 4-H Camps Serve Thousands

10 Enterprise Budgets Easier with AGNET's CROPBUDGET

12 Holiday Plants

15 Child Abusers: Myths and Realities

17 Tan Spot: NewBlight Threatens Wheat Growers

19 Composting Converts Waste Into Valuable Resources

22 Foundation Seed Division-Seeds' Genetic Purity Ensured

Agricultural Experiment Station News October 1977

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - September 1977

Myxosoma Funduli Kudo 1918 (Protozoa: Myxosporida) In Fundulus Kansae: Summer Epizootiology, Stephen A. Knight, John J. Janovy Jr., William L. Current

John Janovy Publications

The occurrence and distribution of the myxosporidan Myxosoma funduli on the gills of the plains killifish (Fundulus kansae) were investigated; Fundulus kansae is reported as a new host. Host samples from various sites on the South Platte River, Nebraska, were collected during the summer months of 1975 and 1976. The protozoan parasite population was shown to be overdispersed within the host population, and this distribution was similar to that described by the negative binomial equation. Demographic characteristics of the infected fish subpopulation were virtually identical to those of the whole fish population. Infection intensity was independent of gill …

Herpetomonas Megaseliae And Crithidia Harmosa: Growth On Blood-Agar Plates, Amy Doran Kepel, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

A technique for culturing two species of trypanosomatid flagellates on blood-agar plates is described. Herpetomonas megaseliae and Crithidia harmosa were grown as discrete clone colonies on plates prepared in sterile petri dishes with a medium derived from that of Tobie et al. (1950, J. Parasitol. 36: 48-54). Plates were inoculated with 0.01 ml flagellate suspension and the inoculum was spread evenly over the surface of the agar with a sterile glass spreader. Plates were incubated in a high humidity chamber at 25 C and colonies of both species, easily visible to the unaided eye, appeared within 1 week. There was …

Two New Zoogonid Digenea From Deep Sea Fishes In The Gulf Of Panama, Robin M. Overstreet, Mary Lou Hanson Pritchard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Panopula cavernossa gen. et sp. n. from the intestine of the brotulid Enchelybrotula (?) paucidens,/i> differs from other members of the Steganodermatinae by having testes near the anterior of the acetabulum, a posttesticular ovary, and a postequatorial acetabulum. Two related species are transferred to the genus Brachyenteron as B. pycnorganum comb. n. and B. spinosum comb. n. Neosteganoderma gillissi sp. n. from the synaphobranchid eel Synaphobranchus bathybius differs from N. glandulosum and N. polymixiae, the most similar species, because conspicuous glandular cells envelop the esophagus and pharynx, others about the genital atrium occur in elongated sacs, epithelium is lacking …

Marine Aspidogastrids (Trematoda) From Fishes In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Sherman S. Hendrix, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Of the aspidogastrids Multicalyx cristata, Lobatostoma ringens, Cotylogaster basiri, and C. dinosoides sp. n., the last two had not been previously known from the Gulf of Mexico. The latter differs from other members of its genus by having relatively large equatorial marginal alveoli in comparison to those at the anterior and posterior ends of the holdfast. It also possesses extensive transverse musculature connecting opposed lateral alveoli. New host records are included for all four species, and we report preadults of what appear to be the first two species.

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 9, Nos. 3 And 4. September-December, 1977

The Prairie Naturalist

UPLAND NESTING OF AMERICAN BITTERNS, MARSH HAWKS, AND SHORT-EARED OWLS ▪ H. F. Duebbert and J. T. Lokemoen

ROADSIDE NESTING BY PRAIRIE GROUSE IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA ▪ W. D. Svedarsky

BOHEMIAN WAXWING POPULATIONS AND WINTER ECOLOGY IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ E. L. Bakke

AGEING ARCHAEOLOGICAL BISON BY DENTAL ANNULI ▪ J. C. Pigage and M. G. McKenna

COMPARISON OF COYOTE AND COYOTE X DOG HYBRID FOOD HABITS IN SOUTHEASTERN NEBRASKA ▪ B.R. Mahan

NOTES

Abnormal Mid-May Occurrence of White-fronted Geese in Sheridan County, North Dakota ▪ D.P. Kibbe and J. A. Roppe

Common Grackle Preys on Spotted Sandpiper Chick ▪ …

Comparison Of Coyote And Coyote × Dog Hybrid Food Habits In Southeastern Nebraska, Brian R. Mahan

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The recent taxonomic study by Mahan et al. (1978) documented the occurrence of coyote (Canis latrans) x dog (c. familiaris) hybrids in Nebraska. This study, and those by Freeman (1976) in Oklahoma and Gipson et al. (1974) in Arkansas show coyote x dog hybrids, though not abundant, to be numerous in some areas. The purpose of the present study was to compare the stomach contents of coyote x dog hybrids collected by Mahan et al. (1978) from southeastern Nebraska with those of contemporary coyotes.

Stomachs of 12 coyote x dog hybrids and 16 coyotes collected November 1975 …

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (September 1977) 45(3)

Nebraska Bird Review

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1977 (Fifty-second) Spring Migration and Occurrence Report .............................34

Poor-wills in Lancaster and Saunders Counties............................42

The Swanskin ............................................. 45

Book Reviews .................................................................. 50

Notes ......................................................................... 51

Agricultural Experiment Station News September 1977

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
LAND USE IN PROGRAMS OF THE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, IANR
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – August 1977

Agricultural Experiment Station News August 1977

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE ACTING DIRECTOR'S DESK
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - July 1977
BULLETINS PRINTED