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- Research and Technical Reports (17)
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Articles 31 - 52 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: Ii. Disease Development And Impact On Growth Rate At Different Salinities, Kennedy T. Paynter, Eugene M. Burreson
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: Ii. Disease Development And Impact On Growth Rate At Different Salinities, Kennedy T. Paynter, Eugene M. Burreson
VIMS Articles
In order to assess the impact of Perkinsus marinus infection on oyster growth and mortality, oysters were raised in floating rafts at six sites around Chesapeake Bay. The sites were comprised of two low salinity sites (8-10%0), two moderate salinity (12-15%0) sites and two high salinity sites (16-20%0). Oyster growth was monitored biweekly along with various water qualities including temperature and salinity. Condition index was measured monthly and disease diagnosis was perfonned bimonthly. Oyster growth was initially greatest at the high salinity sites but was subsequently retarded by Perkinsus infection at both the moderate and high salinity sites (where the …
A Larva Of The Poorly Known Serranid Fish Jeboehlkia-Gladifer (Teleostei, Serranidae, Epinephelinae), Carol C. Baldwin, G. David Johnson
A Larva Of The Poorly Known Serranid Fish Jeboehlkia-Gladifer (Teleostei, Serranidae, Epinephelinae), Carol C. Baldwin, G. David Johnson
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Gametogenic Cycle Of Sea Scallops (Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791)) In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, A. C. Schmitzer, W. D. Dupaul, J. E. Kirkley
Gametogenic Cycle Of Sea Scallops (Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791)) In The Mid-Atlantic Bight, A. C. Schmitzer, W. D. Dupaul, J. E. Kirkley
VIMS Articles
Gametogenesis of the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus , from 3 areas within the mid-Atlantic Bight was examined from January to December 1988. Histological and morphometric quantification of gonadal tissue concluded that a semiannual gametogenic cycle was characteristic of sea scallops from the mid-Atlantic Bight. The majority of spawning occurred in May and November. Gonadal development in spring comprised a longer period of time and resulted in greater fecundity than in fall. Differences were found in the timing and magnitude of the semiannual gametogenic processes between sex, area, and water depth within the study area. Varying temperature patterns between the mid-Atlantic …
Potential Predation On Fish Eggs By The Lobate Ctenophore Mnemiopsis-Leidyi Within And Outside The Chesapeake Bay Plume, John J. Govoni, John E. Olney
Potential Predation On Fish Eggs By The Lobate Ctenophore Mnemiopsis-Leidyi Within And Outside The Chesapeake Bay Plume, John J. Govoni, John E. Olney
VIMS Articles
In Chesapeake Bay in June, the predatory lobate ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and the eggs of the bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli typically reach seasonal and localized abundance together. When examined at small vertical (1-3m), horizontal (10-50m), and temporal (6-hour) scales, the co-occurrence of M. leidyi and fish eggs (32.3-74.2% of which were A. mitchilli) was greatest in the northern reaches of the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, where the water column was stratified. Stratification to the south was effected by the Chesapeake Bay plume. With estimates of ctenophore clearance rate reported elsewhere and observed densities of ctenophores and fish eggs, potential predation …
Distribution Of Striped Bass Morone-Saxatilis (Walbaum) Eggs And Larvae In Major Virginia Rivers, George C. Grant, John E. Olney
Distribution Of Striped Bass Morone-Saxatilis (Walbaum) Eggs And Larvae In Major Virginia Rivers, George C. Grant, John E. Olney
VIMS Articles
Spring ichthyoplankton surveys in the tidal freshwater reaches of Virginia rivers were used to document the temporal and spatial occurrence of spawning by striped bass Morone saxatilis (Walbaum). Single river systems were intensively surveyed in 1980 (York River system), 1981 (James River system), and 1982 (Rappahannock River). In spring 1983, all three river systems were sampled at approximately weekly intervals. Some spawning occurred in all years, including those yielding poor year-classes (1980 and 1981). Spawning occurred largely within the first 40 km of tidal freshwater in major rivers, except when drought conditions displaced spawning upstream in advance of encroaching saltwater. …
Automated Enumeration By Computer Digitization Of Age-O Weakfish Cynoscion-Regalis Scale Circuli, Stephen T. Szedimayer, Margaret M. Szedimayer, Michael E. Sieracki
Automated Enumeration By Computer Digitization Of Age-O Weakfish Cynoscion-Regalis Scale Circuli, Stephen T. Szedimayer, Margaret M. Szedimayer, Michael E. Sieracki
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Mass Migration Of Juvenile Queen Conch (Strombus Gigas) In The Bahamas, Romauld Lipcius, Alan Stoner, Livingston S. Marshall Jr., Ana T. Bardales
Mass Migration Of Juvenile Queen Conch (Strombus Gigas) In The Bahamas, Romauld Lipcius, Alan Stoner, Livingston S. Marshall Jr., Ana T. Bardales
VIMS Articles
We summarize the available information for a mass migration of juvenile queen conch in the Bahamas. The migration was observed from April through June, 1987 over a large seagrass meadow and adjacent sand-algal plain at 1-5 m depths. Component aggregations ranged from 40-190 m in length and 1-6 m in width, with a maximum density of 319 conch/m2. Migrants averaged 101 mm in shell length, which ranged from 67-145 mm, and were of a similar size as non-migrants in the area The migration was directional towards ebb tidal flow and moved approximately 250 m, at rates of 2.7 - 4.8 …
Larvae Of Diploprion-Bifasciatum, Belonoperca-Chabanaudi And Grammistes-Sexlineatus (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) With A Comparison Of Known Larvae Of Other Epinephelines, Cc Baldwin, Gd Johnson, Pl Colin
Larvae Of Diploprion-Bifasciatum, Belonoperca-Chabanaudi And Grammistes-Sexlineatus (Serranidae, Epinephelinae) With A Comparison Of Known Larvae Of Other Epinephelines, Cc Baldwin, Gd Johnson, Pl Colin
VIMS Articles
Morphology is described for larvae of two species of the epinepheline serranid tribe Diploprionini and one of the tribe Grammistini, and known larvae of other epinephelines are compared. Early stage eggs and development of larvae of Diploprion bifasciatum are described from 144 laboratory-reared specimens, and postflexion larvae of Belonoperca chabanaudi are described from wild-caught specimens. Fourmanoir's (1976) description of postlarval Grammistes sexlineatus is modified and expanded. The second and third dorsal-fin spines of larval D. bifasciatum are remarkably elongate, reaching lengths many times that of the body. These spines are thin and flexible, and each is encased in a sheath …
Parasite Fauna Of 3 Species Of Antarctic Whales With Reference To Their Use As Potential Stock Indicators, Murray D. Dailey, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
Parasite Fauna Of 3 Species Of Antarctic Whales With Reference To Their Use As Potential Stock Indicators, Murray D. Dailey, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
VIMS Articles
Seventeen species of parasites representing the Cestoda, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, and Crustacea are reported from three species of Antarctic whales. Thirty-five sei whales Balaenoptera borealis, 106 minke whales B. acutorostrata, and 35 sperm whales Physeter catodon were examined from latitudes 30-degrees to 64-degrees-S, and between longitudes 106-degrees-E to 108-degrees-W, during the months of November to March 1976-77. Collection localities and regional helminth fauna diversity are plotted on distribution maps. Antarctic host-parasite records from B. borealis, B. acutorostrata, and P. catodon are updated and tabulated by commercial whaling sectors. The use of acanthocephalan parasites of the genus Corynosoma as potential Antarctic sperm …
Chaetognatha From The Central And Southern Middle Atlantic Bight - Species Composition, Temperature-Salinity Relationships, And Interspecific Associations, George C. Grant
VIMS Articles
Eighteen species of chaetognaths were identified from shelf waters in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Species composition in the water column and the hyponeuston was nearly identical, but the percent frequencies of the more common cold-temperate species were generally lower in surface collections. Mean surface salinity, weighted for abundance of individual chaetognath species in the hyponeuston collections, varied from 32.6 and 32.8 parts per thousand for the coastal- and estuarine-inhabiting Sagitta tenuis and Parasagitta elegans, to 34.8 and 34.9 for the offshore Pterosagitta draco and Krohnitta pacifica. Weighted mean temperatures ranged from below 14-degrees-C for Mesosagitta minima, P. elegans, and Serratosagitta …
Susceptibility Of Diploid And Triploid Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1793) And Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791), To Perkinsus Marinus, Judith A. Meyers, Eugene M. Burreson, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
Susceptibility Of Diploid And Triploid Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1793) And Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791), To Perkinsus Marinus, Judith A. Meyers, Eugene M. Burreson, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
The susceptibility of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, to the oyster parasite Perkinsus marinus was compared with that of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, in two separate experiments. Experiments were conducted in flow-through seawater systems with quarantined effluent. Oysters were challenged by addition of infective P. marinus. In the first experiment, which used only diploid oysters, 40% of C. gigas became infected with P. marinus after 83 days compared to 100% of C. virginica. In the second experiment, which examined susceptibility of diploid and triploid individuals of both species, prevalence was high in all groups after 60 days. In …
Man Versus Mollusc: Studies Of Water Quality Problems, How They Affect Shellfish And Shellfish Harvesting, And How The Commonwealth Should Address These Problems. A Report To The Shellfish Enhancement Task Force, Bruce Neilson, Nancy C. Wilson, Carl Hershner
Man Versus Mollusc: Studies Of Water Quality Problems, How They Affect Shellfish And Shellfish Harvesting, And How The Commonwealth Should Address These Problems. A Report To The Shellfish Enhancement Task Force, Bruce Neilson, Nancy C. Wilson, Carl Hershner
Reports
No abstract provided.
A Mark-Recapture Study Of Striped Bass In The James And Rappahannock Rivers, Virginia Annual Report 1990-1991, Joseph G. Loesch, Bruce W. Hill, Philip W. Sadler
A Mark-Recapture Study Of Striped Bass In The James And Rappahannock Rivers, Virginia Annual Report 1990-1991, Joseph G. Loesch, Bruce W. Hill, Philip W. Sadler
Reports
A total of 1,903 striped bass were tagged in fall 1990 and 2,708 in spring 1991 on the Rappahannock River. A total of 2,405 striped bass were tagged in fall 1991 on the James River. In fall 1990, 47.2% of the striped bass tagged on the Rappahannock were less than 425 mm fork length (FL). In comparison, only 13.9% of the fish were less than 425 mm FL in spring 1991. Pound nets in the Rappahannock River accounted for 66.3% of the recaptures, while out of state recaptures accounted for only 2.65% of the total returns. In the fall 1990, …
Procedure For Creating Digital Baylor Coverages In Arc/Info, Gary F. Anderson, J. Berchman Smithson, Anna K. Kenne
Procedure For Creating Digital Baylor Coverages In Arc/Info, Gary F. Anderson, J. Berchman Smithson, Anna K. Kenne
Reports
Baylor Grounds were defined by a survey of the natural oyster beds in Virginia conducted by Lt. J.B. Baylor, USN, and completed in 1894. The original purpose of the survey was to set aside naturally productive oyster beds for protection from private leasing, which was a controversial concept at the time. Hence the commonly used term 'Baylor Grounds' is synonymous with Virginia's public oystering grounds in the present day. Other surveys, conducted later, have added to the original Baylor acreage, resulting in an estimated 243, 000 acres of public oyster grounds in Virginia. For further information on the oyster industry …
Status Of The Virginia Public Oyster Fishery - Fall 1991, Bruce Barber
Status Of The Virginia Public Oyster Fishery - Fall 1991, Bruce Barber
Reports
This report summarizes data collected during 1991 in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The report focuses on the fall oyster survey in Virginia.
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks, Eugene Burreson
Effects Of Perkinsus Marinus Infection In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: I. Susceptibility Of Native And Msx-Resistant Stocks, Eugene Burreson
VIMS Articles
A selective breeding program was implemented to attempt to decrease the disease susceptibility of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, to Perkinsus marinus. Six oyster strains were spawned and the progeny exposed to Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and P. marinus in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Three strains, a Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a Delaware Bay native strain, and a Mobjack Bay native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) were exposed for three years (1988-90); three other strains, a separate Delaware Bay MSX-resistant strain, a lower James River native strain (lower Chesapeake Bay) and a susceptible control strain, were exposed for two years (1989-90). …
Temporal Variations In Spawning Behavior Of Sea Scallops, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791), In The Mid-Atlantic Resource Area, James E. Kirkley, William D. Dupaul
Temporal Variations In Spawning Behavior Of Sea Scallops, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791), In The Mid-Atlantic Resource Area, James E. Kirkley, William D. Dupaul
VIMS Articles
Interannual variation in spawning of Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin) may be important to management agencies concerned with maximizing yield-per-recruit via restrictions on meat counts or temporal restrictions on catch and effort. In this study, temporal patterns in the spawning behavior of sea scallops in the Mid-Atlantic resource area for the period April 1987-April 1991 are analyzed using conventional time-series methods. Biannual spawning was found to be characteristic of sea scallops in the Mid-Atlantic resource area but was also found to be erratic in the timing, duration, and magnitude. The spring spawning event was the more predictable and dominant spawning event. The …
The Decline Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery In Chesapeake Bay Considerations For Introduction Of A Non-Endemic Species, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1793), Roger L. Mann, Eugene M. Burreson, Patrick K. Baker
The Decline Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery In Chesapeake Bay Considerations For Introduction Of A Non-Endemic Species, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg, 1793), Roger L. Mann, Eugene M. Burreson, Patrick K. Baker
VIMS Articles
The Chesapeake Bay oyster fishery for Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) is in a state of continuing decline. Two diseases, Haplosporidium nelsoni and Perkinsus marinus have effectively eliminated oysters from many sections of the Bay. Despite over 30 years of disease activity the native oysters have developed neither tolerance nor absolute resistance to these diseases, and do not exhibit any recovery in disease endemic areas in Virginia. Repletion programs have completely failed to recover to permanent production areas lost to disease. Present fishery management activities are limited to a controlled retreat away from the disease in an arena where disease distribution is …
Sterile Triploid Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) Grow Faster Than Diploids But Are Equally Susceptible To Perkinsus Marinus, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
Sterile Triploid Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) Grow Faster Than Diploids But Are Equally Susceptible To Perkinsus Marinus, Bruce J. Barber, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Growth, tolerance of Perkinsus marinus, and gametogenesis of diploid and triploid Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) were compared in the York River, Virginia between June 1989 and November 1990. Triploid oysters had significantly greater mean shell height (P ,a;; 0.02) and whole weight (P ,a;; 0.005) than diploid oysters throughout the study period. In November 1990, triploids had significantly greater mean dry tissue weight (P ,a;; 0.006) than diploids. On average, triploid oysters reached commercial size (63.5 mm) 5 months before diploid oysters. Diploid and triploid groups became similarly infected with P. marinus during summer 1990. Prevalences reached 96% …
Striped Bass Research, Virginia: Characterization Of Virginia's Striped Bass Commercial Fisheries Annual Report 1991, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Striped Bass Research, Virginia: Characterization Of Virginia's Striped Bass Commercial Fisheries Annual Report 1991, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Reports
The research reported herein (and in the 1982 through 1989 annual reports) is directly related to Priority III stated in the "Action Plan" (p. 15) of the Emergency Striped Bass Study (Anadromous Fish Conservation Act Amendment, Public Law 96-118). The amendment was the result of a decline in striped bass (Marone saxatilis) landings from Maine to North Carolina since the mid-1970' s. This report summarizes the results of the spring 1991 sampling period and compares the catchability of a multi-sized mesh anchor gill net with that of a pound net.
Lists Of Larval Worms From Marine Invertebrates Of The Pacific Coast Of North America, Hilda Lei Ching
Lists Of Larval Worms From Marine Invertebrates Of The Pacific Coast Of North America, Hilda Lei Ching
Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications
Immature stages of seventy-three digenetic trematodes are listed by their families, marine invertebrate hosts, and localities and then cross listed according to their molluscan hosts. The list contains many new host records, and larval stages of fifteen digenetic trematodes were newly recorded from gastropods from British Columbia and California. A list of immature stages of fourteen cestodes, acanthocephaIans, and nematodes is also included.
Human Anisakis Transmitted By Marine Food Products: Raw Facts On Sushi And Sashimi, Thomas L. Deardorff, Stephen G. Kayes, Takakazu Fukumura
Human Anisakis Transmitted By Marine Food Products: Raw Facts On Sushi And Sashimi, Thomas L. Deardorff, Stephen G. Kayes, Takakazu Fukumura
Harold W. Manter Laboratory: Library Materials
A seafood connection with parasitic diseases in Hawaii clearly has been established and clinicians and physicians need to become more aware of this association. The risk of people in Hawaii becoming infected with these parasites from seafood products are extremely low; however, this risk increases slightly if imported fresh fishes raw or partially cooked are eaten. Prevention of these diseases, therefore, is probably best accomplished by providing continuous, accurate, and responsible information to the public concerning the health risks of eating raw fishery products; by advising the seafood industry of potential problems and methods of addressing them properly; and by …