Life Sciences Commons^™

Incorporation Of Phosphoproteins And Phenol-Bound Proteins Into The Cuticle Of Periplaneta Americana, Joseph Atchison Florence Iv

Theses and Dissertations

The incorporation of phosphoproteins and phenol-bound proteins into the cuticle of Periplaneta americana was analyzed. Radioactive monosodium phosphate was injected into newly ecdysed cockroaches. Incorporation into haemolymph proteins as well as tanned cuticle was observed. Phosphoproteins were observed to be combined with the cuticle to a greater extent than monosodium phosphate. This suggests that phosphate is being incorporated into the cuticle more readily than monosodium phosphate. The relevance of these observations is discussed in light of phosphate being a possible crosslinking agent between chitin and cuticle protein.

Binding of dopamine metabolites to cuticle proteins was investigated. Specific metabolites studied were …

Efficacy Of Bunamidine Hydrochloride Against Immature And Mature Stages Of Echinococcus Granulosus, Lauritz A. Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of bunamidine hydrochloride against the immature and mature stages of Echinococcus granulosus found in Utah. Twenty-seven dogs were obtained from local animal shelters and experimentally infected with the parasite. The drug was given at dosage levels of 25 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg of bodyweight. It was from 85.9 to 98.8% effective against the immature stage, and 100% effective against the adult stage. The results suggest that this drug can feasibly be used under field conditions where hydatid disease is endemic.

Studies Of N⁵, N¹⁰-Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase From Porcine Kidney And Mouse L1210-Induced Tumor Tissues, Purification And Interaction With Antifolates, David W. Jayme

Theses and Dissertations

Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase has been purified 1000-fold from porcine kidney and 400-fold from mouse L1210-induced tumor tissue by classical methods. The enzyme preparations have been demonstrated to be essentially free of contaminating methionine synthetase and serine transhydroxymethylase activity. Studies of the kinetic properties of the kidney and tumor enzymes, with respect to the reverse reaction using N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate as the variable substrate, have indicated Km values of 2.0 and 2.4 x 10-4 M, respectively. Inhibition of this key branch point enzyme in folate metabolism by a number of antimetabolites indicates that several of these antifolate compounds exhibit enzyme inhibition superior …

The Diatom Flora Of The Goshen Ponds And Wet Meadows, Larry L. St. Clair

Theses and Dissertations

A taxonomic study of the diatoms of the Goshen ponds and adjacent wet meadows, Utah County, Utah, was conducted from April 1974 to March 1975. The diatom flora of these warm spring fed ponds consisted of thirty-five genera containing one hundred twenty-one species, twenty-eight varieties, and two forms. The flora was dominated primarily by the following genera: Achnanthes, Fragilaria, Synedra, Navicula, Cymbella, Terpsinoe, and Nitzschia. Nineteen plates with 150 illustrations accompany the text.

The Effect Of Altitude On Thyroid Function Of The Uinta Ground Squirrel (Citellus Armatus), Wendell Lee Wells

Theses and Dissertations

Thyroid uptake and distribution of 125I, concentrations of T4 and T3 in serum and thyroids and concentrations of TSH in serum and pituitaries were measured to determine thyroid function of Uinta Ground Squirrels (Citellus armatus) native to 5,400 and 9,000 feet elevations to evaluate alterations in the state of the thyroid due to increased altitude. Uptake of 125I was 60 percent lower by squirrels from 9,000 feet. Incorporation of 125I into T3 was greater at the higher elevation, but absolute thyroid T3 concentrations were similar at both elevations. No significant differences were found in serum T3 concentrations, but squirrels living …

The Effects Of Certain Steroids On The Growth Of Slime Mold, Physarum Polycephalum, Ching-Bun Paul Chen

Theses and Dissertations

The cortex of vertebrate adrenal glands secretes two major groups of hormones--glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Glucocorticoids, which have an oxygen atom at carbon number 11, increase the rate of gluconeogenesis and increase the mobilization of lipids in mammals (Turner and Bagnara 1971). At the same time there is a decrease in protein synthesis. This latter effect may be homologous to a decrease in fibroblast growth in culture in the presence of certain corticosteroids (Ruhmann and Berliner 1965). The main function of mineralocorticoids, on the other hand, is to retain sodium ions. They have little or no gluconeogenic activity. Interestingly, however, these …

The Effect Of Recreational Uses On Vegetation And Soil In The Buffalo Campground, Targhee National Forest, Island Park, Idaho, Susan Daines Foster

Theses and Dissertations

The effect of trampling on vegetation and soil, as a result of recreational pressure, was studied in the Buffalo campground of the Targhee National Forest, Idaho. Site deterioration was most evident in the forty-two year old site. The tree stand had matured, but there were few young trees and tree reproduction had been reduced to ten seedlings per acre for Pinus contorta. Only two shrub species were sampled with a combined population of eight individuals per acre. Most of the grass species had been seeded; forbs provided 20% of the ground cover, 13% was bare ground and 71% litter. The …

Bionomics Of Two Bark Beetles : Genus Chaetophloeus (Coleoptera : Scolytidae), John Wendell Aaron

Theses and Dissertations

Shrubs are important as browse and cover for game animals and songbirds in the desert-shrub and chaparral plant communities in the Great Basin (Plummer, 1968). They also play a major role in soil binding and watershed maintenance (Colby and Weissert, 1975). Therefore, an understanding of the agents which affect the health and survival of the shrubs is important. Insects-have a great impact on the health and reproductive capacity of shrubs. Pollinators, defoliators, borers, etc. must be studied and known for proper management.

Ultrastructural Investigations Of The Host-Parasite Interface Of Pumpkin Cotyledons And The Fungus Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Mark Edward Richtsteig

Theses and Dissertations

Pumkin seedlings (Cucurbita maxima) were inoculated with the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Center regions of non-infected and infected cotyledons of various lengths were cut into 1 x 2 mm strips and processed for ultrastructural investigations. Complementary portions of opposing non-infected cotyledons were also processed as control tissue, and contained fewer storage products in cells than cotyledons of comparable size from non-infected plants. Young non-infected cells contained distinct lipid bodies, protein bodies and electron dense inlusions which were translocated out of older cells by abundant plasmodesmata. Initally, infected cells became plasmolyzed, followed by breakdown of the cytoplasm. Host cells …

The Effect Of Lead And Zinc On Selenium Poisoning In Mice, Cynthia Joy Call

Theses and Dissertations

Trace elements, because they are effective in catalytic amounts, must be held in delicate balance with each other as well as with the macronutrients of the diet. Disturbances of these balances result in deficiency and toxicity symptoms. Toxic doses of selenium, lead, and zinc, for example, are known to cause anemia (1, 2, 3, 4) and growth depression (5, 3) in experimental animals.

Habitat Partitioning In A Community Of Passerine Birds, Robert C. Whitmore

Theses and Dissertations

Habitat partitioning was studied in a community of passerine birds in the Virgin River Valley of southwestern Utah. Ten habitat structure variables were measured for each of 24 species of passerine birds and several multivariate statistical techniques were used to determine the extent of habitat partitioning. Ordinations of species distributions along known environmental gradients were constructed using Principal Component Analysis and Stepwise Discriminant Analysis. Stepwise Discriminant Analysis was also used to determine which habitat variables were important in species separation. It was found that percent canopy cover was the most important variable. Two hundred seventy six pairs of species were …

Analysis Of Macroinvertebrate Samples From Ten Rocky Mountain Streams, Fred A. Mangum

Theses and Dissertations

This study was an attempt to evaluate the effects on ten Rocky Mountain streams from management activities on U.S. Forest Service lands. Macroinvertebrate and water chemistry data were collected. Data analysis methods included: three diversity indices, a numerical taxonomy system of multivariate statistical analysis, numbers and biomass per selected taxa, percent composition per order, and total numbers and biomass. None of the methods of analysis were found to be adequate if used alone, but by using a combination of dendograms, biomass, and numbers data in addition to the diversity indices (SCI and d) stream stress could be detected. Although organic …

Timpanogos Flora, Kelly W. Allred

Theses and Dissertations

A comprehensive floristic study of Mt. Timpanogos, Utah County, Utah, was undertaken. The Mt. Timpanogos area is a much used facility in recreation, biology, watershed development, livestock management, and education. It is also representative of a major segment of the overall flora of Utah. This study adds to the ever-increading knowledge of the flora of Utah, and provides a means of identifying the flora of this region, which is basic to any future management.

Two New Species Of The Genus Cycadeoidea From The Lower Cretaceous Of Utah, H. Blaine Furniss

Theses and Dissertations

Cyadeoidea medullara and C. cleavelandii, two new species of the genus Cycadeoidea, have been recovered from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah. They have been described in histologic detail and relationships with similar species are set forth. Monoecism and pollination mechanisms have been discussed in connection with C. medullara. This data contributes to our knowledge of the diverse composition of Lower Cretaceous floras in Utah.

A Paleocene Flora From The Fort Union Formation Near Baggs, Carbon County, Wyoming, John L. Roth

Theses and Dissertations

A well-preserved Paleocene flora of 39 species from the Fort Union Formation near Baggs, Carbon County, Wyoming has been studied. This is the first study of the plant megafossils in this area. The most abundant species collected are: Carya antiquorum Platanus nobilis, Cercidiphyllum arcticum and Platanus raynoldsi. Together they represent 74% of the flora. The flora has been dated as Upper Middle Torrejonian. This report is also the first paleoecological study of any North American Paleocene flora. Two methods were used to determine the paleoclimatic conditions of the flora. The first was an analysis of leaf margin characteristics, comparing them …

Raptor Temperature Regulation And Energetics, James Arthur Mosher

Theses and Dissertations

A review of energetics studies of raptorial species introduces four separate studies of temperature regulation by raptors. Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) nest site selection, as influenced by direction of exposure, is discussed. The data show strong directional preferences to the NNW by southern populations and SSE by northern populations. The tarsometatarsus is shown to have a thermoregulatory function in large falcons, and adaptations of this mechanism to varied habitats are examined. Color phase in Screech Owls (Otus asio) is shown to be related to metabolic differences that may explain the distributions of the color morphs. Development of thermoregulation in Flammulated …

Small Mammal Survey In Two Geographically Separated Aspen Areas, Apichart Thammaruxs

Theses and Dissertations

Small mammal surveys were conducted in two geographically separated aspen areas, in the Chicken Creek Watershed Management Unit, Utah, and Break Neck Flat, Wyoming. Four small mammal species, Peromyscus maniculatus, Clethrionomys gapperi, Zapus princeps and Eutamias minimus were caught most often in both areas of the aspen ecosystem. Peromyscus maniculatus was usually the most abundant animal trapped at all locations indicating the success of this species in aspen communities. The proportion of each species trapped, however, fluctuated, likely in accordance with responses to periodic biotic and abiotic factors. This data will serve as baseline information for the U.S. Forest Service …

Folate Content Of Bacillus Subtilis, David Nelson Hintze

Theses and Dissertations

Bacillus subtilis can synthesize deoxythymidylate via either of two pathways. The working hypothesis is that the two reactions are very similar, differing only with respect to specificity for the type of folate required as substrate. The folates from B. subtilis were isolated and were determined by gel chromatography to be derivatives of pteroyltriglutamate and pteroyldiglutamate. Kav values for the two folate species are reported. Conjugase treatment revealed no other highly conjugated folates present. It was also observed that mutants deficient in one or the other of the two pathways grow at the same rate as wild-type cells under conditions allowing …

Ecology Of The Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo Regalis) In Central Utah Population Dynamics And Nest Site Selection, Neil D. Woffinden

Theses and Dissertations

Research was conducted to determine the effect of prey numbers on the nesting success of the Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis). Conditions associated with nest site selection were also established. Frequent visits were made to active nests to determine clutch sizes, hatching dates and fledging success. Prey remains were collected from nests and analyzed. Kilometer square transects were made throughout the study area in 1974 to determine jackrabbit densities. A drastic decline in numbers of Ferruginous Hawks occurred. The number of young fledged also declined throughout the study while nestling mortality increased. Jackrabbit numbers were high in 1972 and then declined …

A Comparative Study Of Some Population Characteristics Of Calyptraea Fastigiata Gould, Crepidula Lingulata Gould, And Crepidula Nummaria Gould (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia), Roger Harold Goodwill

Theses and Dissertations

A comparative study of the field populations of Crepidula lingulata, Crepidula nurnmaria, and Calyptraea fastigiata indicated all three preferred a rocky substrate but favored different size rocks. Their positions on the rocks varied but the greatest numbers were found attached to the undersides. Crepidula lingulata and C. nummaria preferred larger rocks and were found in intraspecific associations more often than C. fastigiata which preferred smaller rocks. These associations occurred with a 1:1 sex ratio; however, the overall population did not. Crepidula lingulata had a high female count and C. fastigiata a high male count. Males, of all three species, were …

Manual Of The Flora Of The East Tintic Mountains, Utah, Glen T. Nebeker

Theses and Dissertations

The study of the East Tintic Mountains was undertaken because no extensive research concerning the plant species present has ever been done. The East Tintic Mountains are in central Utah in Juab, Utah and Tooele Counties. They are about fifty five air miles south-southwest of Salt Lake City. The range is approximately forty two miles long and from one and one-half miles to twelve miles wide. An attempt was made to collect representatives of all vascular plants found on the mountain range. This work presents two hundred and eleven species, representing fifty two families.

Diatom Phytoplankton And Periphyton Studies Of The Headwaters Of Henrys Fork Of The Snake River, Island Park, Idaho, Richard L. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

An ecological baseline study of the diatom flora was conducted on the headwaters of Henrys Fork of the Snake River, Idaho. The diatom flora of this spring fed drainage basin consisted of both phytoplankton and periphyton. Thirty-nine genera, two hundred forty-four species, eighty-two additional varieties, and seven additional forms were identified from these waters. Species of Melosira, Stephanodiscus, Fragilaria, Synedra, and Asterionella were found in the plankton of Henrys Lake and Island Park Reservoir. Diatoma, Fragilaria, Synedra, Eunotia, Achnanthes, Navicula, Pinnularia, Gomphonema, Cymbella, Nitzschia, and Surirella were the important genera present in the periphyton.

An Assay Chamber For Quantitative Analysis Of Nitrogen Fixation Using Intact Plants, Thomas Adrie Leslie

Theses and Dissertations

A unique assay system for quantitative analysis of biological nitrogen fixation by intact plants has been constructed and successfully tested. With the system, it has been possible to detect acetylene reduction by intact legumes in situ under laboratory conditions. This assay method is designed to approximate field conditions and in spite of possible procedural errors in sampling, background noise of the gas chromatograph and ethylene contamination of the acetylene gas used in the assay, this method is sensitive ·enough to detect as little as 1 ppm enrichment of ethylene gas as a result of acetylene reduction by intact soybean plants. …

Chemotaxonomical Comparison Of Astragalus Megacarpus, Astragalus Beckwithii, And Astragalus Oophorus In Utah, Marzilla Wright Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation was concerned with the taxonomic relationship between Astragalus beckwithii (Torr. & Gray) var. beckwithii, Astragalus oophorus (S. Wats) var. caulescens (Jones) Jones, and Astragalus megacarpus (A. Gray). An attempt was made to relate some chemical constituents and the toxic effects on rats to the taxonomy. A number of parameters were used; rat toxicity, lipid analysis, selenium atomic absorption, various salts and glucose percentages, as well as the usual morphological measurements taken from herbarium specimens, field observations, and pollen measurements. While the weight of the data indicates that A. beckwithii is a type of intermediary or intergressory product of …

Breeding Biology And Ecology Of The Peregrine Falcon (Falco Peregrinus) In West Greenland, William A. Burnham

Theses and Dissertations

During the last twenty years marked declines in Peregrine Falcon populations have occurred in many parts of the world (Hickey, 1969). During recent years the peregrine has been placed on the list of Endangered Species. Several factors have been suggested as the cause of its decline. These include changing climatic conditions (Porter and White, 1973), human disturbance (Mattox, pers. comm.), and introduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons as pesticides into the environment (Ratcliffe, 1970). The third factor, introduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons, has occurred on the American, European and Asian continents. Even peregrines nesting in locations far from human population concentrations are exposed …

An Investigation Of The Ecology Of Subalpine Fir On The Markagunt Plateau In Southern Utah, Ronald Beatty Bolander

Theses and Dissertations

The ecology of subalpine fir relative to broom rust was investigated. Broom rust infections were most common in trees growing on limestone soils, and seldom occurred on trees growing on basalt soils. Even though plant moisture stress was consistently higher in the plants from limestone soils, the studies indicated that moisture stress is not the major factor causing infection. The amounts of available magnesium and phosphorus were much lower in the limestone soil. It is postulated that the higher plant moisture stress of subalpine fir growing on limestone soils may aggrevate the lack of nutrients and be a contributing factor …

Use Of Selected Macroinvertebrates As Indicators Of Sedimentation Effects On Huntington River, Utah, Michael Kenneth Reichert

Theses and Dissertations

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities of Huntington River, Emery County, Utah were studied to determine effects of sedimentation from construction of Electric Lake Dam, a state highway, and two bridges. Approximately 900 benthic samples were collected from riffle areas above, in, and below the construction zone from January, 1971 to December, 1973. Two settling basins below construction sites were effective in limiting scouring of downstream communities. Heavy silt deposition was limited to a 1-km stream reach. Number of indicators, density, and biomass were reduced in the construction zone during periods of sediment input. During periods of scouring, density and biomass were reduced; …

Dance In The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints 1830-1940, Karl E. Wesson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compile a history of dance in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1830 to 1940.
The following subproblems have been investigated:
1. What was the history of dance in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
2. What was the philosophy of dance in the LDS Church?
3. What were the dance forms, music, and attire in dance within the LDS church?
4. What was the contribution of the LDS Church towards the preservation of folk dances in America?

Food Habits Of The Game Fishes Of Lake Anna, Virginia, Thomas Kenneth Rohrer

Theses and Dissertations

Beginning in May, 1973 and continuing through August, 1974 the food habits of several species of game fishes from Lake Anna, Virginia were investigated via gut content analysis. A variety of collecting methods were employed to secure specimens for examination and stomach contents were reported as percent frequency of occurrence. A total of one hundred and two collections were made yielding 287 largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède); 166 chain pickerel, Esox; niger LeSueur; 53 bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque; 32 pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus); and 63 black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus (LeSueur). It was found that M. salmoides and E. niger were …

Distribution And Effects Of Bacterial Endotoxin, Anne Carter Adams

Theses and Dissertations

In this study the distribution and effects of bacterial endotoxin were examined. Adult male BALB/c and adult male DUB/ICR mice were used in all experiments. Endotoxic activity of a number of strains from three genera of bacteria, Pseudomonas, Bacteroides, and Listeria, was detected using vincristine-treated mice as sensitized indicators for endotoxin and resistance to purified endotoxin induced by pretreatment with selected bacteria. Also, the effect of bacterial endotoxin and endotoxin-like substances on the course of primary amebic meningoencephalitis in mice, caused by Naegleria fowleri, was assessed.