Life Sciences Commons^™

Nutritional And Health Behavior Of The Indigenous Pregnant Women In The Community Of Tunshi-San Nicolas, Chimborazo Province, Sandra Ordonez Gavilanez

Theses and Dissertations

The nutritional food situation in our country is alarming, by what has been classified as a major public health problem, their principle manifestation is the protein malnutrition- energy, with a high prevalence in urban zones- marginal and rural population. It is considered that the main causes that originate on one hand are still deteriorating at a level of income in the popular sectors with the consequent impossibility of access to basic services such as housing, education, stable jobs, health services (drinking water, sewage, etc.) appropriate food regimes, greatly affecting those vulnerable groups such as children and women in fertile years. …

Comparative Study Of Six Different Types Of Subtracts In The Production Of Earthworm Humus And Its Productive Effect In Vegetables (Radish, Beet, White Onion, Cabbage), Romeo Byron Romero Mancero

Theses and Dissertations

In the province of Chimborazo, found in the Riobamba canton, a study was done with the purpose of comparing different subtracts for the production of earthworm humus (pig feces, guinea pig feces, rabbit feces, bovine feces, market residues, and vegetable residues from the harvest) and its productive effect in vegetables (radish, onion, beet and cabbage). Twenty-four beds, 1.5 m2 (1.5 x 1) in size, as well as sixteen 3 m2 (1 x 3) parcels were used for the study. A design of complete blocks was applied with a monofactorial in the first test, and a bifactorial in the second test. …

The Relation Between The Nutritional Status And The Acute Diarrhetic Diseases In Children Younger Than Five Years Of Age In The Indigenous, Black, And Mestizo Ethnic Groups Of The Rural Area In The Imbabura Province, 1998-1999, Tanya Vaca

Theses and Dissertations

The study conducted in the rural area of the province of Imbabura included a total of 518 families that when compared with the estimated sample of 96%, 42.7 % corresponding to the indigenous ethnic group, 28.15% to Black and 25% to mixed-race ethnic groups, these differences of involvement between ethnic groups is due to the fact that the indigenous population is greater than the two remaining populations. Of the 518 families studied they were able to obtain a total of 794 children younger than 5, in which 48.5% pertaining to the male sex and 51.4% to the female sex. In …

Religiosity And Physical Fitness: A Study Of Middle-Aged Mormon Men, Janette Olsen

Theses and Dissertations

Research has related both physical fitness and religiosity to health. This study combined these ideas and examined the relationship between religiosity and physical fitness among middle aged Mormon men (n=110). Mormons are an ideal population for study because of their strict health code. Fitness variables were grip strength, waist/hip ratio, body mass index (BMI) and estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). A questionnaire assessed level of religiosity and separated subjects into two groups: highly religious (n=35) and less religious (n=14). Moderately religious subjects (n=61) were omitted. A one way ANOVA (between-groups design) found no significant differences in fitness variables between groups. …

Determination Of The Microbiological Load Of The Principal Meat Products Sold In The Markets Of Riobamba, Miguel Angel Castillo Palacios

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation was done with the objective to determine the microbiological load of the main meat products such as: beef, chicken meat, sausage, and viena sausage which are sold in the Riobamba city markets. This investigation was carried out in the Microbiological Laboratory Livestock Science faculty of the Polytechnical Superior school. Specific chemical products were used to determine mesofilas (37 degrees C), xicrofilas (5 degrees C), and termofilas bacteria which did not develop at 45 degrees C, however exicrofilas and mesofilas bacteria were found in every market and meat product in this study. The meat product hygiene is the same …

General Diagnosis And Services Developed In The Corral De Piedra Village, San Juan Ermita, Chiquimula, Servin Ardany Flores Galdámez

Theses and Dissertations

The Corral de Piedra community is located in Chiquimula, Guatemala. The main agricultural activities are corn and bean production, small-scale gardens, and small animal production, such as poultry and pigs. The crop areas are predominantly located on lands with slopes between 12 and 55%, presenting low fertility conditions and poor moisture retention capabilities. In addition, local crop varieties have low productivity potentials and the winter season is characterized by poorly distributed and erratic periods of rain. The Benson Institute introduced a technology transfer model to increase and diversify agricultural production, while preserving current natural resources. An integral part of this …

Therapeutical Assessment Of The Spigelia Anthelmia To Fight "Endoparasites" In Creole Ovine, German Gonzalo Reinoso Munoz

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation was accomplished in the Experimental Station Tunshi Productive Unit Sheep Goat, located to an altitude of 2747 m.s.n.m. and with an average temperature of 13.1°C, it located to 8 kilometers of Riobamba route to Licto and in the Laboratory of Microbiology of the Cattle Sciences Faculty of the Espoch, during 120 days (November of 1998 to February of 1999). The principal objective was that of to evaluate the effect terapeutics of the plant Spigelia anthelmia against parasitesinternal in lambs, for something which is 20 lambs native males with ages that fluctuated of 6 to 9 months, these animals …

Validation Of The Small Scale Agricultural Production Model In The Community Of Tunshi-San Nicolas, Monica Alexandra Zuniga Donoso

Theses and Dissertations

The model developed in the experimental environment inside the ESPOCH presented satisfactory results. Because of this, it is necessary that the model of production be validated in the farming communities with the purpose of making adjustments before recommending its massive production. In other words, a comparative study should be done on what happened in the experimental farm and what would happen in the community. This is reason why this investigation is titled Validation of the Small-Scale Agricultural Production Model in the Community of Tunshi-San Nicolás. The objectives of the investigation were as follows: Validate the small-scale agricultural production model of …

Characterization Of Rat Pulmonary Carboxylesterase, Timothy J. Wallace

Theses and Dissertations

The 1839 bp cDNA for rat pulmonary carboxylesterase was cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) from total rat lung RNA using specific primers derived from the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of rat hepatic cholesteryl ester hydrolase (CEH). The unique cDNA was sequenced and found to have 99% homology with hepatic CEH. This homology extends to the predicted amino acid sequences which show only six amino acid residue differences in the coding region: three conserved and three nonconserved changes. However, the catalytic activitites of the two proteins are dramatically different. While CEH hydrolyzes cholesterol oleate, the pulmonary …

The Roles Of Several Kinases In Mice Tolerant To Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Matthew C. Lee

Theses and Dissertations

It has been suggested that the CB1 G-protein-coupled receptor is internalized following agonist binding and activation of the second messenger pathways. The process of desensitization and resensitization is intimately involved with receptor internalization. Phosphorylation alters tolerance to cannabinoids thus contributing to tolerance. It is proposed that phosphorylation enhances the down-regulation of the CB1 receptor. These findings led us to look at which kinase(s) may be involved in cannabinoid tolerance. We therefore hypothesize that by preventing phosphorylation of the CB1 receptor, we may reverse tolerance. We evaluated our hypothesis by testing the role of several kinases in tolerance: protein kinase A …

Examination Of Signals Involved In Dexamethasone Induced Apoptosis In Nb2 Lymphoma Cells, Suhas Badarinath

Theses and Dissertations

Consistent with previous studies, we demonstrated that dexamethasone (Dex) caused cytolysis/apoptosis in log phase Nb2 lymphoma cells, while prolactin (Prl) inhibited this effect. The Nb2 model was used to investigate the mechanisms of apoptosis control with the aid of immunocytochemistry (ICC). We established with absorption the specificity of staining due to Fas, Fas Ligand, Bcl-2, and Bax antibodies (the specificity of anti-p53 could not be verified). Dex-induced cytolysis/apoptosis was detected in synchronized (G⁰/G¹) cells after 6 and 8 hours of Dex exposure. A novel, computerized technique was used to quantitate the proportion of cells immunostained for the signals of interest …

Assessment Of The Availability And Exploitation Of Hydric Resources In The Choquenaira Community, Luis Lizardo Iturry Urquizo

Theses and Dissertations

The precipitation data of the El Alto, Tambillo and Comanche stations are homogenous and consistent. The meteorological data from Irpa Chico, Collana and Viacha are consistent, but heterogeneous. The monthly precipitation in Viacha in December, January, March and April are better examples of a normal distribution in comparison to the months of October, November and February. The average annual precipitation in Viacha, in a thirty-four year time period, is 559 mm. Some 76% of this precipitation occurs in November to March. The minimum precipitation in Viacha, with an 80% probability of absence for the vegetative period, from October to April …

Nutritional Education And Its Impact In The Copalacaya, Choquenaira, Callisaya And Muruamaya Communities Of La Paz, Rosa Yolanda Mamani Arias

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation was conducted with the collaboration of the authorities of the Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética (UMSA) and the Institute of Agriculture and Food Science Ezra Taft Benson. The general secretaries, mayor scholars Management 1998, rural professors and farmers of the communities of Copalacaya, Choquenaira, Callisaya and Muruamaya of the province of Ingavi of the Department of La Paz. It has been very gratifying for the author to carry out this research in said communities, in addition to knowing the reality in which these farmers live, with whose collaboration valuable information was collected that permitted an analysis on the …

Obtaining And Sampling Of High Quality Energetic-Protein Mixtures (Pottages) Of Tuber-Cereal-Leguminous Bases In The Candelaria Area, Maria Lilian Maldonado Chavez

Theses and Dissertations

Specially designed foodstuffs destined for children of weaning age in the community of Candelaria were developed and evaluated biologically. These victuals had as bases combinations of tubers-cereals-legumes of high nutritional quality to be implemented in the home. Based on the availability of food and alimentary habits of the region, seven mixtures were formulated of triples and quadruples containing tubers (potato, oca, papaliza, and isano); cereals (rice, wheat, corn, and quinua); and legumes (tarwi, broad bean, and peanut). The cereal-leguminous proportion was maintained as one complement and the addition of the tubers. These mixes were subjected to biological tests, obtaining incremental …

Correlation Of Visualized Glucocorticoid Receptor And Apoptosis In Individual Clones Of Nb2 Cells, Devang M. Patel

Theses and Dissertations

The Nb2 lymphoma cell line is susceptible to glucocorticoid (GC)-induced apoptosis in the absence of mitogen and this effect is inhibited by the mitogen prolactin (PRL). This process is believed to be mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and various downstream signals. The purpose of this study was to use the limiting dilution method to isolate subsets of Nb2 clones which expressed either highly enriched amounts of GR or an absence of GR and to relate the amount of GR to the magnitude of GC induced cytolysis. The presence of GR in these clones was determined by immunocytochemistry (ICC) using …

Role Of Farming Women In The Communities Of Puculpala, Llulluchi, And Guzo, Quimiag, Chimborazo, Agusta Filomena Coello Arguello

Theses and Dissertations

In the Ecuadorian society there is a pronounced difference in the distribution of work between men and women. In the Ecuadorian society the man is dominant and the woman is seen as a free form of strenuous and excessive labor, who often goes without pay. The woman herself minimizes her own contribution in the production process, thereby magnifying this culture distinction. The division of work related responsibilities, through gender distinctions, has given women more tasks to complete, in addition to those generally reserved for females (taking care of the children, the animals and various household chores). Women also tend to …

The Effects Of Tactile/Kinesthetic Instructional Strategies In The Biology Classroom, Janice Batten Sees

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of tactile/kinesthetic instruction to the biology classroom could significantly increase learning. Various kinds of tactile/kinesthetic lessons were taught to three experimental groups who also received visual and auditory instruction. These tactile/kinesthetic lessons included task cards, task puzzles, manipulatives, total body movement, and large floor games. The control group only received visual and auditory instruction. The subjects were 84 College Biology students from Buena Regional High School, a school in rural South Jersey. The classes varied in gender and race. The same instructor taught all classes and the length of …

Chemical Synthesis, Bacterial Expression, And Characterization Of Pro-Gnrh/Gap, A Precursor Protein Of Two Biologically Active Peptide Hormones, Louis E. Mcadory

Theses and Dissertations

Two biologically active peptides, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH associated peptide (GAP) are both derived from a common prohormone precursor protein, pro-GnRH/GAP. Both peptides are cosecreted from hypothalamic neurosecretory granules and are involved in the regulation of mammalian reproduction. A calcium dependent, neutral pH serine protease discovered in this laboratory, GAP-releasing enzyme, is the most likely processing enzyme of pro-GnRH/GAP. GAP-releasing enzyme is immunologically related to PC1/3, a member of the prohormone convertase (PC) class of processing endoproteinases.

GAP-releasing enzyme recognizes the eight residue processing site within pro-GnRH/GAP, G⁶LRPGGKR¹³, and correctly cleaves the R^{13 …}

The Study Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Production In The Community Of El Troje, Juan Leopoldo Penafiel Alvarado

Theses and Dissertations

The alfalfa harvest in Ecuador constitutes one of the most important activities, especially as a primary product for animal feeding. The crop is widely distributed in the mountain region of the country. It is important to have studies on the production systems, which facilitate a real and compete vision of those characteristics that interact among them in the agricultural production. With this knowledge it will be possible to look for the most adequate solutions to the conditions of the area where alfalfa is produced. The objectives of the study reported herein were: 1. To make an agricultural, social and economical …

Development And Biological Assessment Of Fortified Foods With Andean Tubercles In The Candelaria Area, María Lourdes Ovando Sejas

Theses and Dissertations

Development and Biological Assessment of Fortified Foods with Andean Tubercles and other products in the Candelaria Area. An alimentation survey was carried out in the Rodeo Alto-Candelaria zone, a producing region of tubercle andinos, and a list was made of available products and other products which are a part of the local diet. With the list as the basis, 12 mixes were formed, combining tubercle (potato, goose, papalisa), cereals (quinoa, corn, and wheat) and legumes (tarhui, bean, and peanut). These mixes were submitted to a chemical and biological analysis, which indicated an increase in weight, PER, digestibility of the protein …

Technological Processing Of The Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum) And The Project Of Industrial Viability, Luis Alberto Rico Aranibar

Theses and Dissertations

Technological Processing of the Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and the Project of Industrial Viability by Luis Alberto Rico Arabinar. The present investigation was carried out to determine the aptitude of two varieties of tomatoes in the process of manufacturing concentrations, as well as quantify its loses and performance and evaluate the acceptance and the quality of the product through organoleptic and microbiological analysis. This consists of two parts: First- The laboratory investigation consisted in the elaboration of tomato concentrations. This was done with two varieties, Rio Fuego and Santa Clara, three soluble solid concentrations (10, 20, and 30º brix), and two …

Determination Of Rates And Patterns Of Recombination At The Maize Red Color (R1) Locus, William R. Dietrich

Theses and Dissertations

Homologous recombination has been studied in many plant and animal systems. In maize, most recombination occurs intragenically. The current study assessed the frequency and location of meiotic recombination at the maize red color (r1) gene. Three independent mutant (colorless seed) alleles derived from the colored seed allele, R-sc:124, were made heterozygous with the colored plant allele, r-r:n142. Each mutant resulted from the insertion of a Dissociation (Ds) transposable element into the 3' end of R-sc:124. In the presence of Activator (Ac), each Ds insertion allele (r-sc:mutables) produced spotted seeds and germinal reversion to fully colored seeds due to the vi …

Immunocytochemical Study Of Apoptosis Signaling In Nb2 Lymphoma Cells, Angelo P. Guanzon

Theses and Dissertations

In the absence of mitogen, administration of Dexamethasone (Dex) induces apoptosis, or programmed-cell death in the Nb2 lymphoma cell. Addition of prolactin (Prl), on the other hand, blocks this effect. As a model for apoptosis, we were able to investigate this Dex-Prl interaction by means of a morphological approach: one that could be visualized under a light microscope. This approach allowed us to achieve several aims. First, we were able to develop a method of cell quantification befitting a morphological study based upon the hemacytometer. Second, with Trypan Blue exclusion, we were able to verify Dex/Prl-responsiveness in the Nb2 cells. …

Trophic Ecology Of Native And Introduced Catfishes In The Tidal James River, Virginia, Louis Fairfax Chandler

Theses and Dissertations

Species introductions have been linked to the decline of native taxa, and in many cases have resulted in the elimination of native species in both terrestrial and aquatic systems throughout the United States. In aquatic systems, a particular threat is the introduction of large piscivorous fish that may alter the native fish community structure. For example, introductions of large ictalurids such as blue catfish, (lctalurus furcatus), and flathead catfish, (Pylodictus olivaris), into coastal Virginia rivers, including the James River twenty years ago have resulted in the establishment of these large, predatory fishes.

This study described the trophic ecology of four …

The Relation Between The Nutritional Status And The Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Younger Than Five Years Of Age In The Indigenous, Black, And Mestizo Ethnic Groups Of The Rural Area In The Imbabura Province, 1998-1999, Sandra Chiles

Theses and Dissertations

The problems of social-economics, culture, politics, and health, among those, are factors that influence both directly and indirectly the style of life of hundreds of thousands of people, due to the lack of economic resources, unemployment, poverty, their own culture can lead to a more serious state of health, consequently causing problems of their nutritional state, such as obesity in its varying degrees of malnutrition, in addition to the presence of preventable illnesses such as acute respiratory disease (IRA), that seriously affect the infant population. Factors, consequences, everything becomes one vicious circle that can be broken thereby preventing more deaths …

Metabolic Inhibition Of A Toluene-Enriched Microbial Population Due To Lead (Pb2+): Verification Of A Free Metal Ion Toxicity Model, Patrick J. S. Marbas

Theses and Dissertations

A dissolved oxygen probe and an ion specific electrode were used to study the lead-induced metabolic inhibition in a toluene-enriched microbial population. Predicted toxicity values were compared to the actual toxicity responses using a free metal ion toxicity model (TM) which linked metabolic inhibition with lead activity. Experimentally derived values for the model parameters (lead activity and a lead distribution coefficient) were used in the TM. It was postulated that cellular metabolism is disrupted by the conformational changes to the cell's plasma membrane produced by lead ion adsorption. The predicted toxicity values were higher than the actual toxicity response. This …

Heavy Metal Toxicity In Bioremediation: Microbial Cultures And Microscopy, Jason B. Goodbody

Theses and Dissertations

This research employed a variety of microscopy and spread plating techniques to observe the effects of heavy metal treatments on a toluene-selected bacterial population. Microbial colonies were cultured on spread plates and the resulting numbers were compared to respiration data. The mechanisms of reproduction were demonstrated to be more sensitive to metal treatments than were the mechanisms of respiration. Phase contrast, Gram stain, fluorescent microscopy, were used to compare and document a wide variety of bacteria resulting from different metal treatments as well as from environmental changes within the source bioreactor. The removal of sensitive bacteria and the selection of …

Processing And Conservation Of The Little Corn In Aiquile Province In The Cochabamba Department: Use Of Antioxidants, Organic And Industrial Evaluation, Saul Victor Miranda Fernandez

Theses and Dissertations

The present work was conducted in order to determine an adequate variety in the processing of small corn, in which a monitoring of all the cycle in cultivation was conducted. The behavior of the small corn was analyzed in the laboratory before the presence of three antioxidants, ascorbic acid, acetic acid and sodium sulfate in two concentrations in addition to subjecting them to thermal treatments that allows us to obtain a pleasant product for the consumer that is both resistant to treatment and nutritious for the health. The results indicate that the best variety of corn is muruchi yellow, the …

Diagnosis Of Livestock Production In Three Communities (Tunshi San Javier, San Antonio And Maria Auxiliadora) Using The Chambo Irrigation System - Guano, Egresado ÁNgel Montalvo Silva

Theses and Dissertations

During 43 weeks three communities belonging to the Chambo-Guano irrigation system (María Auxiliadora, San Antonio, and Tunshi San Javier) were studied. Each family had 0.662 ± 0.149 producing cows, 0.115 ± 0.048 dry cows, 0.381 ± 0.095 heifers, 0.252 ± 0.068 young bulls, 0.158 ± 0.052 bulls, and 0.568 ± 0.096 calves. The age at first mounting (21.696 ± 9.28 months) showed that the cows enter reproduction late. Of the cows, 71.94 ± 5.26% were of household varieties. To feed them, alfalfa was used at 79.86 ± 4.5%, undergrowth 56.83 ± 5.62%, corn stalks 48.2 ± 6.02%, kikuyu 19.42 ± …

Determination Of The Presence Of Antibiotics And Bacterial Pathogens With Their Susceptibility In Fresh Milk From The San Nicolas Community And The Cities Of Penipe, Guano, And Chambo In The Chimborazo Province, Lupe Marín

Theses and Dissertations

This study is entitled, “determination of the presence of antibiotics and bacterial pathogens with their susceptibility in fresh milk from the San Nicolas community and the cities of Penipe, Guano, and Chambo in the Chimborazo province”. It was funded by the Benson Institute of Brigham Young University and Nestle. The objectives were: 1) to determine the presence of antibiotics in fresh milk from the San Nicolas community and the cities of Penipe, Guano, and Chambo, 2) to determine the presence of bacterial pathogens in milk from the places previously mentioned, and 3) to detect the susceptibility of the isolated bacteria …