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Articles 3031 - 3060 of 3160
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Herbicide Residue And Weed Control In Switchgrass, Charles Nicholas Smith Jr.
Herbicide Residue And Weed Control In Switchgrass, Charles Nicholas Smith Jr.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purposes of this study were to find an effective herbicide for control of grassy weeds in a pasture, to adapt known laboratory procedures for analyzing residues and to determine amounts of residues during the growing season in treated plots. Nine herbicides were screened for controlling grassy weeds, primarily downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) in a native pasture. Data indicated 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine) applied postemergence at 1 lb/A was the most effective at 85% control. The following year, atrazine, 2-chloro-4, 6-bis (ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine) and 2, 2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) each at 1, 2 and 3 lb/A were applied preemergence to switchgrass pasture. Of …
Effects Of Feeding Leptaden To Dairy Cows, Sitakantha Dash
Effects Of Feeding Leptaden To Dairy Cows, Sitakantha Dash
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Leptaden is a herbal drug which was recently introduced to the market by Alarsin Pharmaceuticals, Bombay, India. It consists of the extracts of two indigenous medical plants, namely Leotadenia reticulata (Jeevanti) and Breynia patens (Kamboji) in equal proportions. In 1947, Patel first drew the attention of gynaecologists to the usefulness of Leptaden in habitual abortions and allied conditions in women and later on pointed out its lactogenic and galactagogue properties. His original observations are supported by growing clinical experience over a twenty year period of medical practice. Published clinical experience shows that in most cases Leptaden stimulates, lactation within twelve …
Temperature Computer Measurements, Production And Carcass Traits Of Individually Fed Weight Constant Steers, Lowell M. Anderson
Temperature Computer Measurements, Production And Carcass Traits Of Individually Fed Weight Constant Steers, Lowell M. Anderson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
During 1968, 29 Hereford steers were individually fed and marketed at one of seven constant weight classes from approximately 386 to 522 kg at intervals of 22.7 kg. During 1970, 21 Angus and Hereford crossbred steers were individually fed and marketed at one of four constant weight classes from approximately 386 to 522 kg at intervals of approximately 45.0 kg. The amounts of edible portion, trimmed fat, removed bone and the summation of the kidney, pelvic, and cod fat were determined on the steers of both years. In 1970 two experiments examined the usefulness of an analog computer for calculation …
Flavor Preference And Stability Of A Low-Fat Dairy Spread, James Robert Miller
Flavor Preference And Stability Of A Low-Fat Dairy Spread, James Robert Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Low-fat dairy spread has been defined as a product which contains only dairy ingredients and has a lower fat content than the commonly used spreads, butter and margarine (5). Although some low-fat spreads have contained very little fat, most of those which have been developed during the past 30 years have contained about one-third to two-thirds as much fat as the commonly used spreads and have had a higher protein content. ·The low-fat dairy spread studied in this project contained about ten times more protein and only one-half as much fat as butter and margarine. The present day justification of …
Abnormal Milk Evaluations In Eastern South Dakota Milk Plants And Dairy Herds, Edwin J. Kleen
Abnormal Milk Evaluations In Eastern South Dakota Milk Plants And Dairy Herds, Edwin J. Kleen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For many years bovine mastitis has been a major problem for dairy producers, the seriousness of which can be measured by the volumes of literature which have been written about it as well as the economic losses incurred by the dairy industry because of it. The fact that mastitis is still a virulent disease in spite of the vast amount of research conducted on it would suggest either that the underlying causes of mastitis still are not completely understood or that the knowledge gained through research has not been presented effectively to those who need it most—namely the dairy farmer. …
Enhancement Of Foliar Penetration And Herbicide Activity By Oils, James F. Peacock
Enhancement Of Foliar Penetration And Herbicide Activity By Oils, James F. Peacock
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
To learn more about oils and how they affect post-emergence spray applications of herbicides, two major problem areas were investigated. The first dealt with specific physical and chemical properties of oils as they are associated with phytotoxicity and enhancement of herbicidal activity, while the second dealt with foliar penetration as a possible mechanism of enhancement. Simple correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted for specific properties of mineral oils applied to green foxtail (Setaria verdis (L.) Beauv.) and grain sorghum (Sorghwn bicolor (L.) Moench. 'Northrup King 133') as 5% oil in water emulsions with and without 2.24 kg/ha of atrazine …
Effect Of Days Open On Lactation Production, Roger L. Ripley
Effect Of Days Open On Lactation Production, Roger L. Ripley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Accurate evaluation of dairy production records is essential if dairymen are to establish and maintain profitable dairy herds and efficient culling programs. Improper record evaluation may result in. saving breeding stock that otherwise might be eliminated. Many factors may influence the validity of individual production records. Adjustment factors, currently in use by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for sire and cow evaluations, are generally accepted as removing the majority of these influences. Consequently, these factors are invaluable to practical dairymen. The adjustment factors, suggested by McDaniel, et al. (24) in 1967, take into account the geographical location, season …
The Effect Of Harvesting And Storage Methods On Chemical Composition And In Vitro Digestibility Of First Cutting Alfalfa Hay, Perry A. Fales
The Effect Of Harvesting And Storage Methods On Chemical Composition And In Vitro Digestibility Of First Cutting Alfalfa Hay, Perry A. Fales
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The importance of alfalfa hay in dairy cattle feeding is generally acknowledged. The reasons why alfalfa is used so extensively in dairy cattle rations are due to its high protein content, high acceptability by cattle, its wide ·area of adaptation, and high yields. A popular way of handling the forage is to put it up as hay. South Dakota produced 3,261,000 tons of alfalfa hay in 1968. There were 73 million tons of alfalfa hay produced in the United States during 1968 (10) making it a crop of major importance. Farming practices have changed considerably the last ten years. Among …
Indoor Versus Outdoor Calf Rearing At Three Weaning Ages, Larry J. Jorgenson
Indoor Versus Outdoor Calf Rearing At Three Weaning Ages, Larry J. Jorgenson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In order to be profitable, a dairy herb must have good heifers to meet replacement needs. According to USDA (51), these needs are substantial because 25% of the cows in an average herd must be replaced each year as they no longer return a profit. Meeting these herd replacement needs has long been a serious problem of the dairyman. Nation-wide calf loss estimates ranged between 8 and 25% with an estimated annual loss to the industry of $50 million (10). South Dakota dairymen are not immune to these mortality losses and some studies (28, 52) indicate that their losses may …
A Comparison Of Cheese Yields Produced From Normal And Abnormal Milk, Raymond L. Rennich
A Comparison Of Cheese Yields Produced From Normal And Abnormal Milk, Raymond L. Rennich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mastitis has long been a problem to the Dairy Industry. All milk constituents are affected. Abnormal milk usually has a slightly higher total nitrogen and a lower casein content than does normal milk. Since the percent casein is believed to have the greatest influence on the yield of cheese, it is postulated a lower casein content in milk will produce a proportionately smaller amount of cheese for a given volume of milk. Cheese factories presently buy milk on the basis of fat percentage and weight with no regard to the amount of total protein or casein present. Therefore, it would …
Pine Seedling Survival And Growth Related To Moisture Retention Of Eight Texas Forest Soils, Curtis Eneim
Pine Seedling Survival And Growth Related To Moisture Retention Of Eight Texas Forest Soils, Curtis Eneim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Greenhouse studies showed that loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling survival under severe drought and height growth under favorable and unfavorable moisture conditions were related to moisture retention values of eight East Texas soil types. Soil moisture retention constants nearer to field capacity tensions may give better indications of survival and development in droughty areas than moisture constants nearer to wilting point tensions. Likewise, water consumption (evapotranspiration) during favorable moisture conditions and during moisture stress was related to soil moisture retention characteristics. Costly reforestation failures can be avoided by examining the soil moisture retention characteristics of prospective planting sites to …
A Study Of Some Physico-Chemical Changes In A Spread-Type Dairy Product During Storage, Alfredo E. Gudeikis
A Study Of Some Physico-Chemical Changes In A Spread-Type Dairy Product During Storage, Alfredo E. Gudeikis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the Dairy Science Department at South Dakota State University a new dairy spread product has been developed which has only 50% of the fat content of butter or margarine and 60% of the calorie value of the higher fat products. It is increased in solids content with nonfat milk solids. The purpose· of developing this product was to obtain a new outlet for milk constituents; desirably it was to be one that could regain the market sales which were lost by butter and are now enjoyed by the margarines. The high price of butter compared with the substitute product …
The Feeding Value Of High Dry Matter Corn Silage, Myers J. Owens
The Feeding Value Of High Dry Matter Corn Silage, Myers J. Owens
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The important of corn in dairy cattle feeding is generally acknowledged. A popular way of preserving the crop is to make corn silage, thus using the whole plant for feed and preserving maximum feed per acre. The increased utilization of corn silage by dairymen may be due to its high energy yields per acre, high acceptability by cattle, and ease with it is incorporated into automated systems of harvesting and feeding. The increasing importance of corn silage in the United State is evidenced by the increasing acreages harvested as corn silage. In 1950 there were 4,937,000 acres planted with a …
Comparison Of Two Cultures For Use In Preacidified Skimmilk For Cottage Cheese Manufacture, Daryl D. Boddicker
Comparison Of Two Cultures For Use In Preacidified Skimmilk For Cottage Cheese Manufacture, Daryl D. Boddicker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Curd formation in a cultured dairy product is brought about by the addition of a bacterial culture capable of producing lactic acid from lactose. The primary function of this culture is to produce sufficient lactic acid to cause coagulation of the caseinate system of skimmilk. A secondary function of the culture is the production of flavor compounds considered to be desirable in these products. The flavor compounds produced by the normal growth of citric acid fermenting organisms are water soluble, and are largely removed during washing of the Cottage cheese curd. Therefore, flavor compounds are normally added to the cheese …
The Influence Of Artificial Insemination In Three Midwestern States, Wendell Lee. Kucker
The Influence Of Artificial Insemination In Three Midwestern States, Wendell Lee. Kucker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increased productivity of dairy cattle depends in part upon genetic changes brought about by select ion. Because of the long generation interval and low reproductive rate, genetic improvement in dairy cattle is slow. For this reason, the accuracy and effectiveness of selection of sires is of utmost importance. Selection of sires plays a major role in the genetic improvement of dairy cattle since a sire can leave many more descendants than a female. Consequently, the use of outstanding males is important in the genetic advancement of the dairy cattle population in the upper mid west as well as throughout the …
Consumer Evaluation Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Walter W. Wosje
Consumer Evaluation Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Walter W. Wosje
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For many years the dairy industry has been going through transitional period whereby many marketing and structural changes have resulted. Generally speaking, these changes have been advantageous to the dairy farmer. During the past years there has been a widespread and increasing interest in profitable means of utilization of dairy by-products. Because of their unique and high nutritional value, the most logical method of disposition of these by-products is, from the standpoint of the general welfare, in human food; generally this is also the most gainful method. The high nutritional value of these products also makes them valuable in feeding …
Genetic Parameters Among Production, Carcass Composition And Carcass Quality Traits Of Beef Cattle, Darrell A. Busch
Genetic Parameters Among Production, Carcass Composition And Carcass Quality Traits Of Beef Cattle, Darrell A. Busch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There were 1,642,000 beef cows in South Dakota on_ January 1,1967, which was 14 percent higher than the 1961-65 average (South Dakota Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, 1967). These cows were valued at $307, 054, 000, a 27 percent increase over the 1961-65 average. There were 390, 000 head of cattle and calves on feed on January 1, 1967, a 33 percent increase over 1961 and a 22 percent increase over the 1961-65 average. The sale of cattle and calves has accounted for 44 percent of the cash farm income in South Dakota for the period 1958-65 and is the …
Digestibility Studies With Western Wheat Grass, Marvin John Wurster
Digestibility Studies With Western Wheat Grass, Marvin John Wurster
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In order to make the most economical usage of our range forages it is essential that we know when the forage is most digestible in order for livestock to obtain maximum benefit from it. For many years cutting date has been the most common measure used to determine when a forage contains the most nutritive value. In many grasses emergence of the seed head or seed maturity has been used to determine when a particular forage should be harvested, However, western wheatgrass (Agropyron mithill) is not dependent on seed for reproduction and under range conditions often does not produce a …
Factors Affecting Body, Texture, And Water Holding Capacity Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Basil K. Dalaly
Factors Affecting Body, Texture, And Water Holding Capacity Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Basil K. Dalaly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
At the South Dakota State University Dairy Science Department, a challenging work is being conducted to develop a new spread type· dairy product which is made almost entirely of dairy ingredients. It contains about 40% fat, 6% protein, 40% water, and 1.9% salts. Among the problems which faced the workers on this project were the process induced changes in the protein and the water holding capacity, which are interlinked. The problem of water holding capacity is increased by the high water content of the product compared with butter, which contains about 16% water. Maintaining the stability of the fat emulsion …
The Effect Of Methods Of Storage On The Gross Energy, Chemical Composition And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa, Guru Prasad Mohanty
The Effect Of Methods Of Storage On The Gross Energy, Chemical Composition And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa, Guru Prasad Mohanty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Production of good quality hay or silage and its proper storage without loss of the nutritive value is an important problem for dairy farmers. They are particularly interested in meeting the energy needs in feeding their herds for milk production. During the past decade there has been a substantial increase in the volume and intensity of research towards the nutritional and calorimetric aspects of cattle feeds. A number of unavoidable problems come in the way of their application causing financial disaster in today’s competitive economy of dairy farming. To increase milk production or to maintain a high level of production, …
A Modified Voges-Proskauer Method Of Determining Diacetyl In Dairy Cultures, Dwain Finkenbiner
A Modified Voges-Proskauer Method Of Determining Diacetyl In Dairy Cultures, Dwain Finkenbiner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dairy scientists have known for a number of years that diacetyl is one of the principle flavor components of butter, buttermilk, and cheese cultures. Of the tests which have been introduced to determine diacetyl, one of the first was the heavy metal gravimetric method. This procedure involved distillation of the diacetyl from the mother substance. The most common derivative formed was nickel dimethylglyoximate. Principle disadvantage of this method were that large amounts of sample were required for steam distillation when the products were low in diacetyl. It was also a time consuming procedure because the steam distillation could take as …
Characterization Of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Raw Milk With Special Reference To The Enterotoxigenic Coagulase-Positive Types, Adnan M. Ammouri
Characterization Of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Raw Milk With Special Reference To The Enterotoxigenic Coagulase-Positive Types, Adnan M. Ammouri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Numerous reports from many parts of the world have described the occurrence of outbreaks of staphylococcus food poisoning. Some studies have incriminated raw milk as a reservoir of the staphylococcus organisms as the vehicle of transmission. Recently Cheddar cheese has been implicated as the contaminating agent in food poisoning outbreaks traced to dairy products. The frequency of outbreaks of staphylococcus food poisoning has stimulated interest in the characterization of members of the staphylococcus genus. The strains particularly important are those capable of production an enterotoxin. In order to determine the strains of staphylococcus organisms isolated from raw milk which are …
The Effect Of Frozen Storage On The Microflora Of Raw Milk, Jaswant Singh
The Effect Of Frozen Storage On The Microflora Of Raw Milk, Jaswant Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The proper handling of milk samples prior to bacterial analysis has been somewhat of a problem to dairy processors of South Dakota. There have been, and still are, many queries by these people about the treatment of o milk sample prior to the determination of a bacterial count. Should the milk samples be frozen prior to determining the number of bacteria? If it is feasible, what effect will the freezing have on the number of bacteria found? No tangible information about this problem has been found in the literature. Standard procedure emphasize mainly the icing of milk sample before analyzing …
Comparative Study Of Milk Quality Tests On Manufacturing Grade Raw Milk, Donald L. Wallace
Comparative Study Of Milk Quality Tests On Manufacturing Grade Raw Milk, Donald L. Wallace
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One criterion used to determine the quality of milk is based upon its bacterial content. This immediately emphasizes the problems of determining milk quality. Bacteriological tests are, at best, only estimates of the number or the activity of the organisms present. Since its introduction to South Dakota dairy farms, the bulk tank has continued to increase in popularity. Its increased acceptance has caused new problems in determining milk quality. The bulk tank allows the farmer to cool the milk faster and more efficiently than ever before, thereby limiting bacterial growth. Quality tests should not only differentiate between good and poor …
Effectiveness Of An Aspergillus Oryzae Culture On The Preservation Efficiency And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa-Brome Haylage Stored In Gas-Tight And Concrete Stave Silos, Samuel C. Perry
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
High-quality forage is essential in feeding dairy cattle if dairymen intend to increase milk production or to maintain a high level of production. Problems of preserving high-quality forage for the winter feeding of livestock occur each year. The preservation of legumes and grasses as hay is governed by a number of factors: (1) curing weather, (2) state of maturity of the crops, and (3) other factors such as equipment available and methods of handling the crop. The inability of dairymen to control these factors results in heavy nutrient loses in the hays during the curing process due primarily to leaching …
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This paper presents a study of the helminth endoparasite of the Chinese or ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). The digestive and respiratory tracts of 262 pheasants, all of which were collected in Brown County, South Dakota, were examined. Collections were ,made from January, 1961, through November of the same year. The problem was divided as follows: (1) locating and Identifying the helminth parasites, (2) relating parasitism to the age of the birds, (3) ascertaining the seasonal distribution of the parasites, and (4) determining what gross pathological changes were due to parasitism. Previous to this study, little or no literature was available …
The Production And Ingestion Of Antibodies In Milk, George Donald Marx
The Production And Ingestion Of Antibodies In Milk, George Donald Marx
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since biblical times man has depended upon the cow for nourishment. The cow’s contribution to human and animal welfare has been tremendous. These contributions may be increased by artificially producing antibodies in milk. In view of recent experiments the established theory that antibodies cannot pass the intestinal wall after the animal is a few days of age may not be true. Much information has been gathered to support this theory. Since the mammary gland is capable of producing a considerable quantity of antibodies and since antibodies inhibit disease, the milk should be an excellent source of antibodies for disease protection …
A System For Making Selective Matings In Dairy Cattle, Basil Ralph Eastwood
A System For Making Selective Matings In Dairy Cattle, Basil Ralph Eastwood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The term “selective matings” implies the selection of a sire to breed to each female on an individual, rather than a group or herd basis. Mating systems, other than random mating, may be classed either as the mating of like to like or as the mating of unlikes. This likeness or unlikeness may be based either on blood relationship or on individual appearance. The advantage and limitations of each mating system have been well worked out on a theoretical basis, and some of system have been thoroughly tested by experimentation and in the field. In actual practice many breeders use …
Effects Of Reserpine (Serpasil) On Bloat, Edward P. Michalewicz
Effects Of Reserpine (Serpasil) On Bloat, Edward P. Michalewicz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Farmers and ranchers have been faced with the problem of bloat for many centuries. Thus far there has been little concrete evidence form research in determining the cause, finding a cure or a preventive for bloat. Numerous preventives for bloat have been practically useless. Investigators have used oils and paraffin’s as prophylactic and therapeutic measure against legume bloat. Antibiotics have been used as preventatives with some success, antifoaming agents have little effect and are of short duration. Tranquilizers, a comparatively a new group of compounds, have produced spectacular results in combatting stress conditions in animals. The ideal effect of tranquilizers …
A Study Of The Manufacture Of Cultured Butter And Retail Store Sales In Brookings, South Dakota, Shirley W. Seas
A Study Of The Manufacture Of Cultured Butter And Retail Store Sales In Brookings, South Dakota, Shirley W. Seas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Butter consumption in the united stated had dropped to 8.4 pounds per capita in 1953 from approximately 17 pounds prior to World War II. There has been only a very slight increase during the last five years. Dairy industry leaders and research workers have south to find the reason for this situation and possible remedies for it. A recent consumer preference study conducted by Rollag and Krist Janson (21) in Brookings and Sioux Falls, South Dakota indicated a fairly strong preference for high quality butter with a considerable amount of flavor obtained by adding butter culture to the butter. The …