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Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Coxsackievirus And Adenovirus Receptor Has A Short Half-Life In Epithelial Cells, Poornima Kotha Lakshmi Narayan, James M. Readler, Mahmoud S. Alghamri, Trisha L. Brockman, Ray Yan, Priyanka Sharma, Vladislav Snitsarev, Katherine J.D.A Excoffon, Abimbola O. Kolawole
The Coxsackievirus And Adenovirus Receptor Has A Short Half-Life In Epithelial Cells, Poornima Kotha Lakshmi Narayan, James M. Readler, Mahmoud S. Alghamri, Trisha L. Brockman, Ray Yan, Priyanka Sharma, Vladislav Snitsarev, Katherine J.D.A Excoffon, Abimbola O. Kolawole
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is an essential cellular protein that is involved in cell adhesion, cell signaling, and viral infection. The 8-exon encoded isoform (CAREx8) resides at the apical surface of polarized epithelia, where it is accessible as a receptor for adenovirus entering the airway lumen. Given its pivotal role in viral infection, it is a target for antiviral strategies. To understand the regulation of CAREx8 and determine the feasibility of receptor down regulation, the half-life of total and apical localized CAREx8 was determined and correlated with adenovirus transduction. Total and apical CAREx8 has a relatively short half-life …
Self-Conscious Emotions And The Right Fronto-Temporal And Right Temporal Parietal Junction, Adriana Lavarco, Nathira Ahmad, Qiana Archer, Matthew Pardillo, Ray Nunez Castaneda, Anthony Minervini, Julian Keenan
Self-Conscious Emotions And The Right Fronto-Temporal And Right Temporal Parietal Junction, Adriana Lavarco, Nathira Ahmad, Qiana Archer, Matthew Pardillo, Ray Nunez Castaneda, Anthony Minervini, Julian Keenan
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
For more than two decades, research focusing on both clinical and non-clinical populations has suggested a key role for specific regions in the regulation of self-conscious emotions. It is speculated that both the expression and the interpretation of self-conscious emotions are critical in humans for action planning and response, communication, learning, parenting, and most social encounters. Empathy, Guilt, Jealousy, Shame, and Pride are all categorized as self-conscious emotions, all of which are crucial components to one’s sense of self. There has been an abundance of evidence pointing to the right Fronto-Temporal involvement in the integration of cognitive processes underlying the …
The Neurological Asymmetry Of Self-Face Recognition, Aleksandra Janowska, Brianna Balugas, Matthew Pardillo, Victoria Mistretta, Katherine Chavarria, Janet Brenya, Taylor Shelansky, Vanessa Martinez, Kitty Pagano, Nathira Ahmad, Samantha Zorns, Abigail Straus, Sarah Sierra, Julian Keenan
The Neurological Asymmetry Of Self-Face Recognition, Aleksandra Janowska, Brianna Balugas, Matthew Pardillo, Victoria Mistretta, Katherine Chavarria, Janet Brenya, Taylor Shelansky, Vanessa Martinez, Kitty Pagano, Nathira Ahmad, Samantha Zorns, Abigail Straus, Sarah Sierra, Julian Keenan
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
While the desire to uncover the neural correlates of consciousness has taken numerous directions, self-face recognition has been a constant in attempts to isolate aspects of self-awareness. The neuroimaging revolution of the 1990s brought about systematic attempts to isolate the underlying neural basis of self-face recognition. These studies, including some of the first fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) examinations, revealed a right-hemisphere bias for self-face recognition in a diverse set of regions including the insula, the dorsal frontal lobe, the temporal parietal junction, and the medial temporal cortex. In this systematic review, we provide confirmation of these data (which are …
Corticospinal Excitability During A Perspective Taking Task As Measured By Tms-Induced Motor Evoked Potentials, Elizabeth Murray, Janet Brenya, Katherine Chavarria, Karen J. Kelly, Anjel Fierst, Nathira Ahmad, Caroline Anton, Layla Shaffer, Kairavi Kapila, Logan Driever, Kayla Weaver, Caroline Dial, Maya Crawford, Iso Hartman, Tommy Infantino, Fiona Butler, Abigail Straus, Shakeera L. Walker, Brianna Balugas, Matthew Pardillo, Briana Goncalves, Julian Keenan
Corticospinal Excitability During A Perspective Taking Task As Measured By Tms-Induced Motor Evoked Potentials, Elizabeth Murray, Janet Brenya, Katherine Chavarria, Karen J. Kelly, Anjel Fierst, Nathira Ahmad, Caroline Anton, Layla Shaffer, Kairavi Kapila, Logan Driever, Kayla Weaver, Caroline Dial, Maya Crawford, Iso Hartman, Tommy Infantino, Fiona Butler, Abigail Straus, Shakeera L. Walker, Brianna Balugas, Matthew Pardillo, Briana Goncalves, Julian Keenan
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Only by understanding the ability to take a third-person perspective can we begin to elucidate the neural processes responsible for one’s inimitable conscious experience. The current study examined differences in hemispheric laterality during a first-person perspective (1PP) and third-person perspective (3PP) taking task, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Participants were asked to take either the 1PP or 3PP when identifying the number of spheres in a virtual scene. During this task, single-pulse TMS was delivered to the motor cortex of both the left and right hemispheres of 10 healthy volunteers. Measures of TMS-induced motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of the contralateral abductor …
Picking Up Where The Tmdl Leaves Off: Using The Partnership Wild And Scenic River Framework For Collaborative River Restoration, Alan R. Hunt, Meiyin Wu, Tsung-Ta David Hsu, Nancy Roberts-Lawler, Jessica T. Miller, Alessandra Rossi, Lee Lee
Picking Up Where The Tmdl Leaves Off: Using The Partnership Wild And Scenic River Framework For Collaborative River Restoration, Alan R. Hunt, Meiyin Wu, Tsung-Ta David Hsu, Nancy Roberts-Lawler, Jessica T. Miller, Alessandra Rossi, Lee Lee
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act protects less than ¼ of a percent of the United States’ river miles, focusing on free-flowing rivers of good water quality with outstandingly remarkable values for recreation, scenery, and other unique river attributes. It predates the enactment of the Clean Water Act, yet includes a clear anti-degradation principle, that pollution should be reduced and eliminated on designated rivers, in cooperation with the federal Environmental Protection Agency and state pollution control agencies. However, the federal Clean Water Act lacks a clear management framework for implementing restoration activities to reduce non-point source pollution, of which …
Inhibition Of Biofilm Formation By The Synergistic Action Of Egcg-S And Antibiotics, Shrameeta Shinde, Lee Lee, Tinchun Chu
Inhibition Of Biofilm Formation By The Synergistic Action Of Egcg-S And Antibiotics, Shrameeta Shinde, Lee Lee, Tinchun Chu
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Biofilm, a stress-induced physiological state, is an established means of antimicrobial tolerance. A perpetual increase in multidrug resistant (MDR) infections associated with high mortality and morbidity have been observed in healthcare settings. Multiple studies have indicated that the use of natural products can prevent bacterial growth. Recent studies in the field have identified that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, could disrupt bacterial biofilms. A modified lipid-soluble EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate-stearate (EGCG-S), has enhanced the beneficial properties of green tea. This study focuses on utilizing EGCG-S as a novel synergistic agent with antibiotics to prevent or control biofilm. Different formulations of …
Inaction On Lead Despite The Relevant Knowledge: Predictors, Covariates, And Outreach Implications, Alessandra Rossi, Bernabas Wolde, Pankaj Lal, Melissa Harclerode
Inaction On Lead Despite The Relevant Knowledge: Predictors, Covariates, And Outreach Implications, Alessandra Rossi, Bernabas Wolde, Pankaj Lal, Melissa Harclerode
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Testing residential soil and paint for lead provides actionable information. By showing where and how much lead exists on the residence, it allows one to quantify risk and determine the best ways to reduce exposure along with the corresponding health and financial costs. For these reasons, several federal and state programs offer outreach to audiences on the benefits of testing residential soil and paint for lead. Not all individuals who know about lead’s adverse health effects, however, test their residence for lead, potentially limiting the actionable information that could have helped to reduce their exposure. Such individuals represent a challenge …
Preliminary Evidence Of The Role Of Medial Prefrontal Cortex In Self-Enhancement: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study, Birgitta Taylor-Lillquist, Vivek Kanpa, Maya Crawford, Mehdi El Filali, Julia Oakes, Alex Jonasz, Amanda Disney, Julian Keenan
Preliminary Evidence Of The Role Of Medial Prefrontal Cortex In Self-Enhancement: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study, Birgitta Taylor-Lillquist, Vivek Kanpa, Maya Crawford, Mehdi El Filali, Julia Oakes, Alex Jonasz, Amanda Disney, Julian Keenan
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Humans employ a number of strategies to improve their position in their given social hierarchy. Overclaiming involves presenting oneself as having more knowledge than one actually possesses, and it is typically invoked to increase one’s social standing. If increased expectations to possess knowledge is a perceived social pressure, such expectations should increase bouts of overclaiming. As the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is sensitive to social pressure and disruption of the MPFC leads to decreases in overclaiming, we predicted that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the MPFC would reduce overclaiming and the effects would be enhanced in the presence of …
How Conflict Shapes Evolution In Poeciliid Fishes, Andrew I. Furness, Bart J.A. Pollux, Robert Meredith, Mark S. Springer, David N. Reznick
How Conflict Shapes Evolution In Poeciliid Fishes, Andrew I. Furness, Bart J.A. Pollux, Robert Meredith, Mark S. Springer, David N. Reznick
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In live-bearing animal lineages, the evolution of the placenta is predicted to create an arena for genomic conflict during pregnancy, drive patterns of male sexual selection, and increase the rate of speciation. Here we test these predictions of the viviparity driven conflict hypothesis (VDCH) in live-bearing poecilid fishes, a group showing multiple independent origins of placentation and extreme variation in male sexually selected traits. As predicted, male sexually selected traits are only gained in lineages that lack placentas; while there is little or no influence of male traits on the evolution of placentas. Both results are consistent with the mode …
Ecological Feedbacks Stabilize A Turf-Dominated Ecosystem At The Southern Extent Of Kelp Forests In The Northwest Atlantic, Colette Feehan, Sean P. Grace, Carla A. Narvaez
Ecological Feedbacks Stabilize A Turf-Dominated Ecosystem At The Southern Extent Of Kelp Forests In The Northwest Atlantic, Colette Feehan, Sean P. Grace, Carla A. Narvaez
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Temperate marine ecosystems globally are undergoing regime shifts from dominance by habitat-forming kelps to dominance by opportunistic algal turfs. While the environmental drivers of shifts to turf are generally well-documented, the feedback mechanisms that stabilize novel turf-dominated ecosystems remain poorly resolved. Here, we document a decline of kelp Saccharina latissima between 1980 and 2018 at sites at the southernmost extent of kelp forests in the Northwest Atlantic and their replacement by algal turf. We examined the drivers of a shift to turf and feedback mechanisms that stabilize turf reefs. Kelp replacement by turf was linked to a significant multi-decadal increase …
Spontaneous Mutations In Maize Pollen Are Frequent In Some Lines And Arise Mainly From Retrotranspositions And Deletions, Hugo K. Dooner, Qinghua Wang, Jun T. Huang, Yubin Li, Limei He, Wenwei Xiong, Chunguang Du
Spontaneous Mutations In Maize Pollen Are Frequent In Some Lines And Arise Mainly From Retrotranspositions And Deletions, Hugo K. Dooner, Qinghua Wang, Jun T. Huang, Yubin Li, Limei He, Wenwei Xiong, Chunguang Du
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
While studying spontaneous mutations at the maize bronze (bz) locus, we made the unexpected discovery that specific low-copy number retrotransposons are mobile in the pollen of some maize lines, but not of others. We conducted large-scale genetic experiments to isolate new bz mutations from several Bz stocks and recovered spontaneous stable mutations only in the pollen parent in reciprocal crosses. Most of the new stable bz mutations resulted from either insertions of low-copy number long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons or deletions, the same two classes of mutations that predominated in a collection of spontaneous wx mutations [Wessler S (1997) The …
Integration Of Genotype, Physiological Performance, And Survival In A Lizard (Uta Stansburiana) With Alternative Mating Strategies, Lisa Hazard, Kenneth A. Nagy, Donald B. Miles, Erik I. Svensson, Daniel Costa, Barry Sinervo
Integration Of Genotype, Physiological Performance, And Survival In A Lizard (Uta Stansburiana) With Alternative Mating Strategies, Lisa Hazard, Kenneth A. Nagy, Donald B. Miles, Erik I. Svensson, Daniel Costa, Barry Sinervo
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Covariation among behavioral and physiological traits is thought to enhance reproductive success and Darwinian fitness. Species that exhibit alternative mating strategies provide excellent opportunities to assess the relative contributions of physiological and behavioral traits to fitness. Male side-blotched lizards (Uta stans-buriana) exhibit three heritable throat color morphs that are associated with alternative mating behaviors. The three morphs differ in resource holding potential, mate attraction, mate defense, and physiological performance. We examined interrelationships of body mass, stamina, field metabolic rate, growth rate, and survival to the second capture (a fitness proxy). Relationships among variables were complex, and mass, stamina, and throat …
Lingering Impacts Of Hurricane Hugo On Rhizophora Mangle (Red Mangrove) Population Genetics On St. John, Usvi, Paul Bologna, James Campanella, Dena J. Restaino, Zachary A. Fetske, Matthew Lourenco, John V. Smalley
Lingering Impacts Of Hurricane Hugo On Rhizophora Mangle (Red Mangrove) Population Genetics On St. John, Usvi, Paul Bologna, James Campanella, Dena J. Restaino, Zachary A. Fetske, Matthew Lourenco, John V. Smalley
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Stochastic events can have catastrophic effects on island populations through a series of genetic stressors from reduced population size. We investigated five populations of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) from St. John, USVI, an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, which were impacted by Hurricane Hugo in 1989. Our goal was to determine diversity and to ascertain potential population bottlenecks two decades after the event. With the lowest observed heterozygosity, highest inbreeding coefficient, and evidence of a major bottleneck, our results demonstrated that the Great Lameshur mangroves, devastated by Hurricane Hugo, were the least diverse stand of trees. The other four populations from St. …
The Effects Of Heterospecific Mating Frequency On The Strength Of Cryptic Reproductive Barriers, Erica L. Larson, Margaret M. Brassil, Jonathan Maslan, Danielle Juárez, Flordeliza Lilagan, Hallie Tipton, Andrew Schweitzer, Joe Skillman, Kirsten Monsen, Merrill A. Peterson
The Effects Of Heterospecific Mating Frequency On The Strength Of Cryptic Reproductive Barriers, Erica L. Larson, Margaret M. Brassil, Jonathan Maslan, Danielle Juárez, Flordeliza Lilagan, Hallie Tipton, Andrew Schweitzer, Joe Skillman, Kirsten Monsen, Merrill A. Peterson
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Heterospecific mating frequency is critical to hybrid zone dynamics and can directly impact the strength of reproductive barriers and patterns of introgression. The effectiveness of post-mating prezygotic (PMPZ) reproductive barriers, which include reduced fecundity via heterospecific matings and conspecific sperm precedence, may depend on the number, identity and order of mates. Studies of PMPZ barriers suggest that they may be important in many systems, but whether these barriers are effective at realistic heterospecific mating frequencies has not been tested. Here, we evaluate the strength of cryptic reproductive isolation in two leaf beetles (Chrysochus auratus and C. cobaltinus) in the context …
Evidence For The Early Evolutionary Loss Of The M20d Auxin Amidohydrolase Family From Mosses And Horizontal Gene Transfer From Soil Bacteria Of Cryptic Hydrolase Orthologues To Physcomitrella Patens, James Campanella, Stephanie Kurdach, Richard Skibitski, John V. Smalley, Samuel Desind, Jutta Ludwig-Müller
Evidence For The Early Evolutionary Loss Of The M20d Auxin Amidohydrolase Family From Mosses And Horizontal Gene Transfer From Soil Bacteria Of Cryptic Hydrolase Orthologues To Physcomitrella Patens, James Campanella, Stephanie Kurdach, Richard Skibitski, John V. Smalley, Samuel Desind, Jutta Ludwig-Müller
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Inactive auxin conjugates are accumulated in plants and hydrolyzed to recover phytohormone action. A family of metallopeptidase orthologues has been conserved in Plantae to help regulate auxin homeostatic levels during growth and development. This hydrolase family was recently traced back to liverwort, the most ancient extant land plant lineage. Liverwort’s auxin hydrolase has little activity against auxin conjugate substrates and does not appear to actively regulate auxin. This finding, along with data that shows moss can synthesize auxin conjugates, led to examining another bryophyte lineage, Physcomitrella patens. We have identified and isolated three M20D hydrolase paralogues from moss. The isolated …
Larval Influx Of Diadema Antillarum To The Florida Keys Linked To Passage Of A Tortugas Eddy, Colette Feehan, William C. Sharp, Travis N. Miles, Michael S. Brown, Diane K. Adams
Larval Influx Of Diadema Antillarum To The Florida Keys Linked To Passage Of A Tortugas Eddy, Colette Feehan, William C. Sharp, Travis N. Miles, Michael S. Brown, Diane K. Adams
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Lack of recovery of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean region following a widespread epizootic in 1983–1984 has garnered great interest due to the role of this species as a grazer of macroalgae that exclude reef-building corals. In the Florida Keys, USA, previous research suggests that reestablishment of D. antillarum is limited by low fertilization success and a lack of larval supply. However, the physical mechanisms determining larval supply in the Florida Keys remain poorly resolved. Here, we use coupled biological and physical oceanographic datasets of D. antillarum larval supply to settlement collectors, sea surface temperatures and heights, …
Genetic Analysis Reveals Strong Genetic Analysis Reveals Strong Phylogeographical Divergences Within The Scarlet Macaw Ara Macao, Kari L. Schmidt, Matthew Aardema, George Amato
Genetic Analysis Reveals Strong Genetic Analysis Reveals Strong Phylogeographical Divergences Within The Scarlet Macaw Ara Macao, Kari L. Schmidt, Matthew Aardema, George Amato
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Scarlet Macaws Ara macao have the largest geographical distribution of any Neotropical psittacine, occupying a variety of lowland forest habitats from Mexico to Brazil. Two subspecies, Ara macao macao and Ara macao cyanoptera, are currently recognized based on wing chord length and plumage coloration, with formal descriptions suggesting genetic introgression in southern Nicaragua and northern Costa Rica. The present study aimed to investigate the extent of genetic diversification within A. macao by analysing mitochondrial sequence data from contemporary and historical samples. Phylogenetic reconstruction and population aggregation analysis confirmed two distinct phylogeographical groups, with a high degree of intraspecific genetic structure …
Exploring Chihuahuan Desert Diversification In The Gray-Banded Kingsnake, Lampropeltis Alterna (Serpentes: Colubridae), Edward A. Myers, Robert W. Bryson Jr, Robert W. Hansen, Matthew L. Aardema, David Lazcano, Frank T. Burbrink
Exploring Chihuahuan Desert Diversification In The Gray-Banded Kingsnake, Lampropeltis Alterna (Serpentes: Colubridae), Edward A. Myers, Robert W. Bryson Jr, Robert W. Hansen, Matthew L. Aardema, David Lazcano, Frank T. Burbrink
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Within many biomes, the cause of phylogeographic structure remains unknown even across regions throughout North America, including within the biodiverse Chihuahuan Desert. For example, little is known about population structure or the timing of diversification of Chihuahuan endemics. This is due largely to the lack of population genomic studies within this region. We generated ultra-conserved element data for the gray-banded kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna) to investigate lineage divergence and historical demography across the Chihuahuan Desert. We found three unique lineages corresponding to the Trans-Pecos and Mapimian biogeographic regions of the Chihuahuan Desert, and a distinct population in the Sierra Madre Occidental. …
Who’S Lurking In Your Lagoon? First Occurrence Of The Invasive Hydrozoan Moerisia Sp. (Cnidariahydrozoa) In New Jersey, Usa, Dena J. Restaino, Paul Bologna, John Gaynor, Gary A. Buchanan, Joseph J. Bilinski
Who’S Lurking In Your Lagoon? First Occurrence Of The Invasive Hydrozoan Moerisia Sp. (Cnidariahydrozoa) In New Jersey, Usa, Dena J. Restaino, Paul Bologna, John Gaynor, Gary A. Buchanan, Joseph J. Bilinski
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Coastal estuaries represent areas of high biological invasions by virtue of their economic importance as ports. We report on the first occurrence of the non-native hydrozoan Moerisia sp. in coastal New Jersey, USA. Through the use of artificial settling plates, several diminutive, unknown cnidarian polyps were isolated. Initial morphological assessment indicated that two of the unknown polyps were keyed to Moerisia. We then used universal cnidarian primers to amplify and sequence the 16S rDNA mitochondrial locus for molecular identification. Upon evaluation and editing of sequences, two of the unknown polyps were identified as belonging to a group of unresolved Moerisia …
Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate-Stearate Inhibits The Growth Of Streptococcus Mutans: A Promising New Approach In Caries Prevention, Amy Lynn Melok, Lee Lee, Siti Ayuni Mohamed Yussof, Tinchun Chu
Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate-Stearate Inhibits The Growth Of Streptococcus Mutans: A Promising New Approach In Caries Prevention, Amy Lynn Melok, Lee Lee, Siti Ayuni Mohamed Yussof, Tinchun Chu
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the main etiological bacteria present in the oral cavity that leads to dental caries. All of the S. mutans in the oral cavity form biofilms that adhere to the surfaces of teeth. Dental caries are infections facilitated by the development of biofilm. An esterified derivative of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate-stearate (EGCG-S), was used in this study to assess its ability to inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans. The effect of EGCG-S on bacterial growth was evaluated with colony forming units (CFU) and log reduction; biofilm formation was qualitatively determined by Congo red assay, …
Stochastic Event Alters Gelatinous Zooplankton Community Structure: Impacts Of Hurricane Sandy In A Mid-Atlantic Estuary, Paul Bologna, John Gaynor, Robert Meredith, Dena Restaino, Christie Barry
Stochastic Event Alters Gelatinous Zooplankton Community Structure: Impacts Of Hurricane Sandy In A Mid-Atlantic Estuary, Paul Bologna, John Gaynor, Robert Meredith, Dena Restaino, Christie Barry
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Climate change has increased hurricane activity and intensity, leading to greater destructive forces impacting coastal communities. Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, USA, is a shallow Mid-Atlantic estuary with considerable anthropogenic development which shows vulnerability to elevated storm surges and coastal flooding. Gelatinous zooplankton were sampled monthly in the summer prior to Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, with the community dominated by 2 species, Chrysaora quinquecirrha and Mnemiopsis leidyi. These 2 species showed inverse distributions, with C. quinquecirrha dominating in the northern, lower-salinity region and M. leidyi abundant in the southern, high-salinity region of the estuary, with significant top-down control of M. …
Glutamylation Regulates Transport, Specializes Function, And Sculpts The Structure Of Cilia, Robert O'Hagan, Malan Silva, Ken Cq Nguyen, Winnie Zhang, Sebastian Bellotti, Yasmin Ramadan, David Hall, Maureen M. Barr
Glutamylation Regulates Transport, Specializes Function, And Sculpts The Structure Of Cilia, Robert O'Hagan, Malan Silva, Ken Cq Nguyen, Winnie Zhang, Sebastian Bellotti, Yasmin Ramadan, David Hall, Maureen M. Barr
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Ciliary microtubules (MTs) are extensively decorated with post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as glutamylation of tubulin tails. PTMs and tubulin isotype diversity act as a “Tubulin Code” that regulates cytoskeletal stability and the activity of MT-associated proteins such as kinesins. We previously showed that, in C. elegans cilia, the deglutamylase CCPP-1 affects ciliary ultrastructure, localization of the TRP channel PKD-2 and the kinesin-3 KLP-6, and velocity of kinesin-2 OSM-3/KIF17, while a cell-specific α-tubulin isotype regulates ciliary ultrastructure, intraflagellar transport, and ciliary functions of extracellular vesicle (EV)-releasing neurons. Here, we examine the role of PTMs and the Tubulin Code in the cililary …
Itraq-Based Proteomics Analysis And Network Integration For Kernel Tissue Development In Maize, Long Zhang, Yongbin Dong, Qilei Wang, Chunguang Du, Wenwei Xiong, Xinyu Li, Sailan Zhu, Yuling Li
Itraq-Based Proteomics Analysis And Network Integration For Kernel Tissue Development In Maize, Long Zhang, Yongbin Dong, Qilei Wang, Chunguang Du, Wenwei Xiong, Xinyu Li, Sailan Zhu, Yuling Li
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Grain weight is one of the most important yield components and a developmentally complex structure comprised of two major compartments (endosperm and pericarp) in maize (Zea mays L.), however, very little is known concerning the coordinated accumulation of the numerous proteins involved. Herein, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based comparative proteomic method to analyze the characteristics of dynamic proteomics for endosperm and pericarp during grain development. Totally, 9539 proteins were identified for both components at four development stages, among which 1401 proteins were non-redundant, 232 proteins were specific in pericarp and 153 proteins were specific in …
Top-Down Impacts Of Sea Nettles (Chrysaora Quinquecirrha) On Pelagic Community Structure In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, U.S.A., Paul A. X. Bologna, John J. Gaynor, Christie L. Barry, Dena J. Restaino
Top-Down Impacts Of Sea Nettles (Chrysaora Quinquecirrha) On Pelagic Community Structure In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, U.S.A., Paul A. X. Bologna, John J. Gaynor, Christie L. Barry, Dena J. Restaino
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Coastal communities are substantially affected by human activities and create environments conducive to opportunistic species and structural changes in food webs. The Mid-Atlantic coast of the United States is highly urbanized with significant landscape modification and elevated pollutant loads. The appearance and development of resident populations of the Atlantic sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey demonstrates a successful establishment to this estuary. This research indicates that two species of gelatinous zooplankton (Mnemiopsis leidyi, C. quinquecirrha) play important structuring roles in the pelagic community. Specifically, M. leidyi exerts significant top-down control of calanoid copepods, …
Qpcr Detection Of Early Life History Stage Chrysaora Quinquecirrha (Sea Nettles) In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, John J. Gaynor, Paul A.X. Bologna, Dena J. Restaino, Christie Barry
Qpcr Detection Of Early Life History Stage Chrysaora Quinquecirrha (Sea Nettles) In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, John J. Gaynor, Paul A.X. Bologna, Dena J. Restaino, Christie Barry
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The sea nettle Chrysaora quinquecirrha has become abundant in the Barnegat Bay estuary and frequently blooms in warm summer months. Various factors have been attributed to the increasing localized appearance of sea nettles and other jellyfish including eutrophication, overfishing, global warming, construction, and species introduction. Despite its abundance and frequent distribution within estuarine systems, very little work has been done to detect and quantify the early life history stages of this organism. Free-swimming larval stages of C. quinquecirrha can be detected and quantified using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay specific for the C. quinquecirrha 16S ribosomal (r)DNA locus of …
First Occurrence Of The Invasive Hydrozoan Gonionemus Vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) In New Jersey, Usa, John J. Gaynor, Paul A.X. Bologna, Dena J. Restaino, Christie Barry
First Occurrence Of The Invasive Hydrozoan Gonionemus Vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) In New Jersey, Usa, John J. Gaynor, Paul A.X. Bologna, Dena J. Restaino, Christie Barry
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 is a small hydrozoan native to the Pacific Ocean. It has become established in the northern and southern Atlantic Ocean as well as the Mediterranean Sea. We report on the first occurrence of this species in estuaries in New Jersey, USA,and confirm species identification through molecular sequence analysis. Given the large number of individuals collected, we contend that this is a successful invasion into this region with established polyps. The remaining question is the vector and source of these newly established populations.
Diet Assessment Of The Atlantic Sea Nettle Chrysaora Quinquecirrha In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Using Next-Generation Sequencing, Robert W. Meredith, John J. Gaynor, Paul Ax Bologna
Diet Assessment Of The Atlantic Sea Nettle Chrysaora Quinquecirrha In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Using Next-Generation Sequencing, Robert W. Meredith, John J. Gaynor, Paul Ax Bologna
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodologies have proven useful in deciphering the food items of generalist predators, but have yet to be applied to gelatinous animal gut and tentacle content. NGS can potentially supplement traditional methods of visual identification. Chrysaora quinquecirrha (Atlantic sea nettle) has progressively become more abundant in Mid-Atlantic United States’ estuaries including Barnegat Bay (New Jersey), potentially having detrimental effects on both marine organisms and human enterprises. Full characterization of this predator’s diet is essential for a comprehensive understanding of its impact on the food web and its management. Here, we tested the efficacy of NGS for prey item …
Do Female Western Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis, Prefer Ornaments That Males Lack?, Scott L. Kight, Olga Degtyareva, Heather Fackelman, Ariel Casner
Do Female Western Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis, Prefer Ornaments That Males Lack?, Scott L. Kight, Olga Degtyareva, Heather Fackelman, Ariel Casner
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Some species in the family Poeciliidae are known for extravagant male ornaments and courtship behavior (e.g. guppies), but the majority of poeciliids are characterized by coercive male copulation attempts that seem to circumvent female choice. In some lineages with male ornaments, female sensory bias may have preceded the evolution of corresponding male signals. We examined female preferences for colorful ornaments in Western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, in which males lack ornamentation and reproduce primarily through coercive mating attempts. We found that females exhibited a positional affinity for males that were artificially ornamented with blue coloration over males that had been …
Effects Of Researcher-Induced Disturbance On American Kestrels Breeding In Nest Boxes In Northwestern New Jersey, John Smallwood
Effects Of Researcher-Induced Disturbance On American Kestrels Breeding In Nest Boxes In Northwestern New Jersey, John Smallwood
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Nest boxes for American Kestrels Falco sparverius may alleviate local nest site limitation, but there is concern that periodically opening nest boxes or handling adults may negatively affect nesting success. I monitored 536 kestrel breeding attempts ≥1 egg laid in about 100 nest boxes in northwestern New Jersey, 1995-2012. To study return rates, I opportunistically captured adults in nest boxes and marked them with U.S.G.S. leg bands and patagial tags. To examine possible effects of this disturbance, I compared nesting success ≥1 nestling surviving to banding age of marked and unmarked adults. Nesting success was 67% for 270 unmarked pairs, …
Clonal Diversity And Connectedness Of Turtle Grass (Thalassia Testudinum) Populations In A Unesco Biosphere Reserve, James Campanella, Paul Bologna, Maria Carvalho, John V. Smalley, Mohamedhakim Elakhrass, Robert Meredith, Nadia Zaben
Clonal Diversity And Connectedness Of Turtle Grass (Thalassia Testudinum) Populations In A Unesco Biosphere Reserve, James Campanella, Paul Bologna, Maria Carvalho, John V. Smalley, Mohamedhakim Elakhrass, Robert Meredith, Nadia Zaben
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
John, American Virgin Island turtlegrass are not clonal populations. John's populations have high connectivity to each other. We assessed Thalassia testudinum population genetics among four bays in St. John (United States Virgin Islands), a protected UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Our results suggest that the St. John T. testudinum populations have (1) high sexual reproduction rates, (2) high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of inbreeding relative to other seagrass populations in less protected geographic areas, and (3) high connectivity when separated by up to 12. km. Pairwise FST values among the island populations ranged from 0.035 to 0.148. Additionally, we …