Life Sciences Commons^™

Ecological Studies In The Tension Zone Between Prairie And Woodland, J. E. Weaver, Albert F. Thiel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Upon the completion of a series of investigations in southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, in which there was found to be a direct relation between the available water content of the soil and the evaporating power of the air as succession progressed from grassland through scrub to forest, the senior writer moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota. Here such excellent conditions of prairie invaded by scrub and followed by forest offered themselves for study that the services of the junior author were enlisted and an analysis of the situation attempted. Later this study was supplemented by similar work carried on at Lincoln, …

Spraying Experiments In Nebraska, J. Ralph Cooper

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The more important questions which were considered during the three years covered by the present report were as follows: 1. How many summer sprays are required and when should they be applied? 2. What is the difference in efficiency between various brands of arsenate of lead? 3. What are the relative values of lime sulphur and Bordeaux as fungicides for spraying apples? 4. Is it possible to lessen or prevent Bordeaux injury and at the same time control fungous diseases? 5. Is it possible to interchange Bordeaux and lime sulphur in a spray schedule in such a manner as to …

Pump Irrigation In Nebraska, E. E. Brackett, O. W. Sjogren

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

Before one decides to install a pumping plant for irrigating purposes there are a good many factors that should be considered regarding the feasibility of the project and the construction of the plant. The material contained in this bulletin has been obtained from studying pumping plants in actual operation in this and other states and from experience gained while installing plants in this state.

A Study Of The Vegetation Of Southeastern Washington And Adjacent Idaho, J. E. Weaver

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Noone at all botanically inclined can travel through southeastern Washington without being impressed with the marked changes which a distance of only a few miles may show in the vegetation. Traveling eastward from a point fifty miles west of the Idaho state line, one passes from a region of scab-land sagebrush through one of rolling hills covered with bunch-grasses. Upon steadily ascending the great Columbia Plateau, the 'bunchgrasses give way to well developed prairies, and these in turn, near the Idaho line, to forests of yellow pine, Douglas fir, white fir, tamarack, and cedar. Or starting from Spokane in the …

Amiotic Parthenogenesis In Taraxacum Vulgare (Lam.) Scrk. And Traxacum Laevigatum (Willd.) Dc., Paul B. Sears

Papers in Ecology

The work of which the results are here offered, awaiting detailed presentation in a paper to follow, was begun at the University of Nebraska in 1914, under the direction of the late Dr. Charles E. Bessey. The two species of dandelion which have been studied are respectively the Leontodon taraxacum and the L. erythrospermum of the Second Edition of Britton and Brown's Illustrated Flora: the nomenclature used in the title of this paper has been adopted on the basis of evidence presented in the monograph of the genus Taraxacum by Handel-Mazetti.

Genetical Studies Of Variegated Pericarp In Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Two years ago there were presented some results of a study of the inheritance of self pattern in the pericarp of maize seeds, occurring as a sporophytic2 variation in variegated ears (EMERSON1 914). Further results, in entire accord with those previously reported, have now been obtained. In addition, data bearing upon new phases of the problem are also available.

The chief results reported in the earlier paper were the following: ( I ) The more nearly self-colored the pericarp of any seed of a variegated ear, the more likely is the progeny of that seed to produce a self-colored ear …

A Study Of The Vegetation Of Southeastern Washington And Adjacent Idaho, J. E. Weaver

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Introduction
Extent and position of area
Physiographic regions and geology
Soils
Topography and drainage
General plant-life conditions
General vegetational distribution
Outline of developmental series
Evaporatidn and soil moisture in relation to succession
Soil temperature in relation to succession
The prairie-plains formation
Agropyron-Festuca association
Festuca consociation
Agropyron consociation
Rhizocarpon-Lecidea associes
Gyrophora-Parmelia associes
Grimmia-Tortula associes
Poa-Polygonum associes
The desert scrub formation
Artemisia-Atriplex association
Artemisia consociation
The Pacific Coast forest formation
Thuja-Tsuga association
Symphoricarpos-Opulaster associes
Pinus-Pseudotsuga associes
Larix-Abies associes
Thuja consociation
Adsere Alnus-Salix associes
Subsere Natural reforestation in cut-over areas and in burns
Hydrosere
Chara-Potamogeton associes
Nymphaea-Potamogeton associes
Scirpus-Typha associes
Eleocharis-Carex associes
Wet …

Notes On Some Nematodes From Fresh-Water Fishes, Henry Baldwin Ward, Thomas B. Magath

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

The parasitic nematodes are of conspicuous importance in the field of human disease and also in diseases of the domestic animals, and in his treatise on fish diseases, Hofer (1906), discussing the significance in fish culture of parasites and parasitic disease5, states that among them the nematodes outrank all others in number of types. Yet as fish parasites these forms are almost unknown in North America, and references to them are confined to a few brief notes, almost all of which came from the pen of the distinguished Philadelphia microscopist, anatomist, and parasitologist, Joseph Leidy, whose pioneer work published between …

A Physiological Study Of Two Strains Of Fusarium In Their Causal Relation To Tuber Rot And Wilt Of Potato, George K. Link

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

1. Fusarium tuberivorum Wilcox and Link is the same as Fusarium trichothecioides Woll. 2. Both Fusarium oxysporum and F. trichothecioides can produce both tuber rot and wilt of the potato plant. 3. The wilt is induced by destruction of the root system and by clogging of the xylem elements in the stem, and is, in mild cases, marked by such symptoms as discoloration of leaves, curling and rolling of leaves, and production of aerial tubers. 4. Under field and storage conditions Fusarium oxysporum is more probably responsible for wilt than is F. trichothecioides, and the latter more responsible for …

Notes On Two Free-Living Larval Trematodes From North America, Henry Baldwin Ward

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Summary

A description is given of the structure and activity of two new cercariae of peculiar type captured free in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair. They are designated Cercaria anchoroides nov. spec. and C. gorgonocephala nov. spec., and are compared with known European species. Although such an occurrence must be common, these forms are the first to be taken in open fresh waters.

On The Anatomy And Relationships Of Some North American Trematodes, Horace Wesley Stunkard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Summary

Extended study of North American representatives of the three trematode families, Polystomidae, Aspidogastridae, and Paramphistomidae has made possible the first comprehensive treatment in this country of their structure and classification. Four new species are added to the genus Polystoma and three new species of two new genera are added to the Paramphistomidae.

Transpiration As A Factor In Crop Production, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The object of experiments reported in this bulletin has been to determine principles according to which water is used by crops. In many agricultural districts, water is frequently a seriously limiting factor in crop production. It has been thought that some means might be devised through a correct understanding of the principles involved, whereby economy in the use of water in farm practice could be increased. In this effort there are two chief points of attack, namely, (1) adjusting the external factors to the needs of the plant, and (2) selecting plants adapted to the conditions.

The Colloidal Swelling Of Wheat Gluten In Relation To Milling And Baking, F. W. Upson, J. W. Calvin

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Our experiments deal with the changes in hydration capacity of gluten under different conditions and were carried out by determining accurately the amount of water absorbed by gluten from solutions of varying concentrations of different acids, both with and without the presence of salts.

Ecological Investigations Upon The Germination And Early Growth Of Forest Trees, Richard H. Boerker

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Briefly stated the purpose of the present investigation is to inquire into the effect of the more important habitat and seed factors upon the germination and early development of certain American forest trees in control cultures in the greenhouse for the purpose of obtaining data that may be used in the ~ilvicultural management of these species.

Prefatory Note 1 / Preliminary Considerations 7 / Historical 7 / Classification and Resume of Habitat Factors 11 / The Germination Process 15 / Method of Attacking Problem at Hand 19/ Methods and Apparatus Used 2 1/ The Control of Habitat Factors 24 / …

A Genetic Study Of Plant Height In Phaseolus Vulgaris, R. A. Emerson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

When pole and bush beans are crossed, 3:1 segregation results whether the pole bean is very tall or only medium in height and whether the bush bean is very short or relatively tall. To determine the interrelation of these two types of behavior by an analysis of the factors concerned in height of plants in beans and by a study of their mode of inheritance was the object of the investigations reported here.

Gongylonema In The Role Of A Human Parasite, Henry Baldwin Ward

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Summary

A specimen of Gongylonema, probably G. pulchrum, has been recovered from man. This species is normally a parasite of the pig.

Infection of the human host was brought about probably by the ingestion of larvae in the infective stage which had developed in some insect. Very likely the croton bug, known by experiment to be able to serve as intermediate host for this species, was the source of the infection which might readily occur by accident.

The presence of the parasite was accompanied by clinical symptoms indicating marked digestive and nervous disturbances, associated with anemia. These symptoms …

The Effect Of Climate And Soil Upon Agriculture, Russell R. Spafford

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Field studies in farm management are at present almost whclly confined to measu ring the profitableness of a farm business and analyzing the effect of those factors which fall largely within the control of the farm operator. While factors beyond individual control have always been recognized in field work, very little attempt has thus far 'been made to measure their influence upon farming; It is true that with present weather, soil, botanical, census, and farm management data only preliminary measurements can be made, but nevertheless such measurements do much toward correlating what at present are disconnected facts in agricultural science. …

On A New Subspecies Of Porcupine From Nebraska, Myron H. Swenk

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Publication NO.2 of the Nebraska State Biological Survey.

Nebraska porcupines all belong to the yellow-haired species (Erethizon epixanthum) , and these animals have never been abundant in the state. Formerly, however, they were much more numerous than today, and enjoyed a more extended range in the state than they do at the present time. Up to about 1885 these animals occurred across the northern portion of Nebraska east at least to Pierce and Madison counties, there being records of four specimens secured along the small streams tributary to the Elkhorn river in these two counties between 1870 and 1885. Also, …

Evaporation And Plant Zones In The Cedar Point Marsh, Paul B. Sears

Papers in Ecology

Yapp in trying to account for the xerophytic structure of marsh plants by means of evaporation studies has shown a definite correlation to exist between the strata of marsh vegetation and rates of evaporation at corresponding levels. The following studies were made in an attempt to discover what additional correlations, if any, exist between distribution of marsh plants and the evaporational power of the air at different portions of the habitat. While the exact quantitative significance of such work as the following may be brought into question, as it often is, the striking results obtained by Transeau, Livingston, Fuller, Weaver, …

A Brief Sketch Of The Life And Work Of Charles Edwin Bessey, Raymond J. Pool

Papers in Systematics and Biological Diversity

Charles Edwin Bessey, professor of botany and head of the department of botany in the University of Nebraska since 1884 and a conspicuous figure in American science and education, passed away at his home in Lincoln on February 25, 1915, after a critical illness of four weeks.

The Bessey family is of French extraction, the original form of the name being Besse. The tradition is that the early members of the family, who were Huguenots, were compelled on account of religious persecution to flee to England from the old home near Strassburg in Alsace. This exodus occurred in the latter …

Staminate Flowers In Anemone, Clarence Elmore

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Anemone caroliniana is one of the most common of spring flowers in the vicinity of Grand Island, Nebraska. For several years I have noticed that in a large number of the flowers the pistils are lacking. In 1914 in one collection of 250 specimens, 190 were perfect, 50 had stamens only, and 10 had few or abortive pistils. There were none that had pistils only. The condition found is indicated in table I.

Notes On The Trematode Genus Telorchis With Descriptions Of A New Species, Horace Wesley Stunkard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Summary

The study of abundant material, both adult and immature forms from the trematode genus Telorchis, including four species new to science and others from new hosts and localities, has given data for the first general discussion of the genus yet made. The sub-genera Telorchis and Cercorchis proposed by Lühe intergrade and can not be retained. T. augustus and T. leptus if correctly described should be removed to an independent genus. The new and some older species are discussed in detail.

Lamb Feeding Experiments: Part I. Fattening Western Lambs. Part Ii. Fattening Native Lambs. Part Iii. A Comparison Of Native And Western Lambs., Howard J. Gramlich

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

CONTENTS
Summary
Introduction
Part I Fattening western lambs
Object
Description of the lambs
Treatment previous to the experiment
Rations fed
Feed yards and equipment
Weather conditions
Duration of experiment
Prices of feeds
Corn and alfalfa vs corn, alfalfa, and corn silage
Shelled corn and whole alfalfa vs ground corn and ground alfalfa
Comparison of good alfalfa hay and poor alfalfa hay when fed in conjunction with shelled corn
Ground corn and ground alfalfa with and without corn silage
Corn silage when fed with shelled corn and whole alfalfa and when fed with ground corn and ground alfalfa
Cost of 100 …

The Prairie Dog And Its Control, Myron Harmon Swenk

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Introduction
Injury
Appearance and History
The Prairie Dog Home
Habits
Natural Enemies
General Control
Use of Poisoned Baits
Competitive Experiments in Fall Poisoning
Competitive Experiments in Spring Poisoning
Demonstration Poisoning Experiments
Effect of Poisoning on Other Animals
Fumigation of Burrows
Fumigation Experiments
Less Successful Methods
Bibliography

American Species Of The Genus Atractides, Ruth Marshall

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The water mites of the genus Atractides belong to a small subfamily, the Hygrobatinae. About ten species have been described by European hydrachnologists for Europe; two of these species have been reported by them also from North America, while one species is described for Madagascar. Three new species are now added to the list for the United States. All of the material, thirty-eight individuals, was found by the author in small lakes in Wisconsin, United States

Mallophaga From Apteryx, And Their Significance, With A Note On The Genus Rallicola, Launcelot Harrison

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Regards the skins of five species of Apteryx in the collection at the Cambridge University Museum in England. From these were collected three species of Mallophaga belonging to the genus Rallicola. These are described with discussion about the significance of this occurrence upon Apteryx, from which no Mallophaga have previously been recorded.

Management Of Irrigated Land: Report Of The Scottsbluff Experiment Substation, Mitchell, Nebraska, Fritz Knorr

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

SUMMARY.
Seepage may be prevented to some extent by employing proper methods of irrigation. Overirrigation may have a tendency to water-log the soil.
A small head of water, properly used, will irrigate more land and do better work than a large head gone over the land hurriedly.
The distance of irrigation ditches should be such that the water may travel between the ditches in about two hours.
If land can be irrigated in the fall with the same care that crops are irrigated in the summer, there is an advantage to fall irrigation. If water cannot be properly cared for …

Corn Silage And Alfalfa Hay For Beef Production, Ralph K. Bliss, C. B. Lee

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

SUMMARY.

1. A ration of corn and alfalfa hay produced the cheapest gains of any ration used. Furthermore, the steers fed corn and alfalfa hay made as rapid gains as did the steers on any other ration.
2. Had the alfalfa hay used in the first experiment cost $20 per ton, the average profit on the three lots receiving alfalfa would have been 15 per cent greater than the profit on the best one of the three lots not receiving alfalfa.
3. Cold pressed cottonseed cake did not give as good results, as regards either rate of gain or economy …

Pork Production (Popular Edition), W. P. Snyder, E. A. Burnett

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This is the shorter or "popular" edition.

Contents:
Introduction
Wintering old brood sows
Wintering young brood sows
Food cost of the 50-pound pig
Pigs from old sows
Pigs from young sows
Cost of fall and spring pigs compared
Cost of pigs from old sows and young sows compared
Cost of growing pigs on alfalfa pasture and grain
Shorts for pigs on alfalfa pasture
Soaked or dry corn for pigs on alfalfa pasture
Five summers' record on gilts
Corn and supplementary feeds for fattening hogs:
Winter of 1911-1912
Winter of 1913-1913
Wheat and rye compared with corn for fattening hogs with …

Raising The Dairy Calf, E. G. Woodward

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

There are in Nebraska more than 600,000 dairy cows. The average period of usefulness of the dairy caw is not more than eight years. This means that to maintain the dairy herds of Nebraska at their present size between 70,000 and 80,000 heifer calves must be raised each year. To mate these cows properly with dairy bred bulls will require the rearing of about 8,000 bulls yearly. Aside from the necessity of maintaining the herds at their present size, the importance of calf raising to the Nebraska dairyman lies in the fact that this is the surest and most satisfactory …