Life Sciences Commons^™

Differential Susceptibility Of Japanese Beetle, Oriental Beetle, And European Chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae To Five Soil Insecticides, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright, P. B. Baker

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Efficacy of bendiocarb, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, ethoprop, and isofenphos was evaluated against last-instar larvae of European chafer, Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, and Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, by incorporating insecticides into soil at one-half New York State recommended rates in a laboratory bioassay. Mortality was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wk. The experiment was repeated three times with white grubs collected at different times and from different locations in New York. White grub species differed significantly in their response to some of the insecticides; European chafer was generally least susceptible. Diazinon provided high mortality …

Sensitivity To Sulfited Foods Among Sulfite-Sensitive Subjects With Asthma, Steve L. Taylor, Robert K. Bush, John C. Selner, Julie A. Nordlee, Matthew B. Wiener, Karen Holden, Jerald W. Koepke, William W. Busse

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Eight individuals with asthma who had been diagnosed as sulfite sensitive on the basis of double-blind capsule-beverage challenges were subjected to challenges with various sulfited foods, including lettuce, shrimp, dried apricots, white grape juice, dehydrated potatoes (as mashed potatoes), and mushrooms. Four of these patients failed to respond to challenges with any of the sulfited foods. The other four patients experienced a decrease in pulmonary function on double-blind challenges with sulfited lettuce. Two of three of these patients reacted to challenges with dried apricots and white grape juice; the fourth patient has not yet been challenged with these products. Only …

Notes- Nebraska Bird Review June 1988

Nebraska Bird Review

YOUNG GREAT HORNED OWLS On 5 April 1988 we banded two young Great Horned Owls that were in a nest near Laurel, in Cedar Co., Neb. An adult Owl was first seen on this nest 3 March. The nest was approximately 31 feet above the ground in a dead Siberian elm tree. One adult Owl was in the nest as we approached it at about 7:00 PM. The adult bird flew of the nest and remained about 200 meters away, in a small grove of trees. It took us about 35 minutes to set up our ladder, retrieve and band …

Occurrence Of Ross Geese (Chen Rossii) Detected From Avian Cholera Losses, Randy G. Stutheit

Nebraska Bird Review

During the annual spring waterfowl migration, an estimated 5-7 million ducks and geese pass through the Nebraska Rainwater Basins area. The Rainwater Basins area covers all or parts of 17 counties in south-central Nebraska, encompassing some 4,200 square miles. Wetlands of various size, depth, and water permanency are scattered throughout this area. These wetlands are important resting and feeding areas for ducks and geese on their migration north to the breeding grounds. Avian cholera, a highly infectious bacterial disease of waterfowl, has also been an annual visitor to the Rainwater Basins since 1975, killing from as many as an estimated …

The Eighty-Seventh (1988) Annual Meeting

Nebraska Bird Review

The eighty-seventh Annual Meeting was held 20-22 May, at Camp Kiwanis in Scottsbluff, at the invitation of the Wildcat Audubon Society. There were about 85 effective registrations, including two from the state of Washington, one from New Jersey, and one from New Hampshire. There was the usual get-together and slide show on Friday night, Saturday and Sunday mornings were for birding, Saturday afternoon was the formal meeting, and Saturday night the banquet. In the afternoon R. George Corner spoke on Fossil Birds of Nebraska, II. (The II is in recognition of Myron H. Swenk's article. on fossil birds of Nebraska …

Tundra Swans In Lincoln County, Nebraska, Greg Windfield

Nebraska Bird Review

On 16 March 1988 Ron Hoffman and I observed nine Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) on a sandpit lake approximately 4 miles east of the I-80 interchange at North Platte. The lake's legal description is Tl3N, R29W, SW¼ of Section 8. The Swans were reported to the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission's North Platte office at 10:30 that morning by a former resident of Nebraska's Sandhills region. He thought the Swans looked identical to Trumpeter Swans (Cygnus buccinator) he had observed while living on a ranch near Hyannis. While leading us to the lake he mentioned that …

Two Species Of Marsh Wren (Cistothorus Palustris) In Nebraska, Donald E. Kroodsma

Nebraska Bird Review

The consequences of a grand evolutionary experiment are evident throughout Nebraska. During the Pleistocene, many taxa were apparently separated into eastern and western populations. Today many of these eastern and western counterparts meet in the Great Plains, especially in Nebraska. Some pairs now hybridize freely (towhees. orioles. flickers), while others do not (buntings, grosbeaks, meadowlarks) (see Rising 1983).

The Marsh Wren is still another, previously unrecognized, taxon that consists of an eastern and western counterpart. Data from Nebraska and elsewhere in North America suggest that there are two forms of the Marsh Wren, perhaps as vocally different from each other …

The Nebraska Bird Review June 1988- Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

The Eighty-seventh (1988) Annual Meeting ....................34

1987 Nebraska Nesting Survey ....................35

Two Species of Maarsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) in Nebraska? ....................40

Nest Scrape Characteristics of Piping Plover and Least Tern in Nebraska ....................42

Occurrence of Ross' Geese (Chen rossii) detected from Avian Cholera Losses ....................44

Tundra Swans in Lincoln County, Nebraska ....................46

A Second Bald Eagle Nest in Nebraska ....................47

Book Reviews ....................48

Notes....................50

Generic Key To The Known Larvae Of The Cucujidae, Passandridae, And Silvanidae Of America North Of Mexico (Coleoptera), M. C. Thomas

Insecta Mundi

Illustrated generic identification keys are presented to the known larvae of Cucujidae, Passandridae, and Silvanidae occurring in America north of Mexico.

A Second Bald Eagle Nest In Nebraska, Greg Wingfield

Nebraska Bird Review

The Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in Nebraska is considered an uncommon migrant and locally common winter resident. Formerly, the species was a common breeder in eastern Nebraska (Johnsgard, 1986). The only previously known modern (1900s) nesting attempt took place in 1973 in Cedar Co., northeast of Crofton, Nebraska (Lock and Shuckman, 1973). This nest occurred along the Missouri River, downstream of Lewis and Clark Reservoir. Between the latter part of January and 25 March 1973, a pair of Eagles was observed while building a nest, copulating, perching near the nest, and sitting on the completed nest. Eventually, the …

1987 Nebraska Nesting Survey, Esther V. Bennett

Nebraska Bird Review

Data on the 1987 nesting season in Nebraska were received from 32 observers and three organizations, reporting on 72 species from 46 counties. Counties on the tabulation are listed in a west to east order, with the northernmost of the approximately equal locations given first. Numbers represent Nest Record Cards; A (for aliment) represents carrying food; C represents colony for which no nest numbers were reported (but 15 individuals were reported); F represents feeding young; N represents nests observed for which no Nest Record Card was submitted; P represents brood patch; X represents a nest built and occupied for a …

Book Reviews Of Bird Navigation: The Solution Of A Mystery?, The Last Of The Curlews, A Naturalist's Sketchbook, Bird Walk Through The Bible, Life Histories Of North American Petrels And Pelicans And Their Allies And Love Of Loons, Thomas E. Labedz

Nebraska Bird Review

Bird Navigation: The Solution of a Mystery?, R. Robin Baker, 1984, Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., New York. vi + 256 pp., ISBN 0-340-33416-9, softcover, no price given. Originally published by Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. in Great Britain but handled in the United States by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., Import Division, IUB Building, 30 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003.

R. Robin Baker, Reader in Zoology at the University of Manchester, is a noted authority on avian navigation. The word "solution" in the title of this book is somewhat misleading because this book does not solve the mystery of …

Book Review: Veterinary Genetics By F W Nicholas, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

This book, by a well-respected senior lecturer in animal genetics, contains everything a veterinarian is likely to need to know about genetics, and more. The coverage is comprehensive, with emphasis on the interplay of biology and the environment with genetics. Important areas of population and quantitative genetics are treated as non-mathematically as possible, with more complete development available in extensive appendixes.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 20, No. 2. June 1988

The Prairie Naturalist

THE PRAIRIE NATURALIST

Volume 20, No. 2. June 1988

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRAIRIES AND GRASSLANDS OF THE ST. CROIX NATIONAL SCENIC RIVERWAY, WISCONSIN AND MINNESOTA ▪ D. C. Glenn-Lewin and J. M. Ver Hoef

SEED RAIN ON A NEBRASKA SAND HILLS PRAIRIE ▪ M. A. Potvin

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1987 ▪ R. N. Randall

SOUTH DAKOTA RECORDS OF PYGMY AND ARCTIC SHREWS: RESPONSE TO FIRE ▪ M. J. Gruebele and A. A. Steuter

FEEDING ECOLOGY OF THE PLAINS POCKET GOPHER IN …

A New Schizomus From The Indian State Of Maharashtra, With Additional Comments On Eyed Schizomids (Arachnida: Schizomidae), James C. Cokendolpher, W. David Sissom, D. B. Bastawade

Insecta Mundi

A new species of Schizomus is described from the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the fourth described schizomid to possess convex ocelli. New information is given regarding some old records attributed to S. cambridgei (Thorell), species inquirenda. The female spermathecae of S. bagnallii (Jackson) and S. biocellatus Sissom are described and illustrated, and other characters of the two species are discussed.

Paederus, Sensu Lato (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): An Index And Review Of The Taxa, J. H. Frank

Insecta Mundi

Generic, subgeneric, specific, subspecific, and inlra-subspecific names in Paederus (sensu lato) are compiled alphabetically with literature references, showing that 622 specific names stand in the literature as valid. Five replacement names are required due to homonymy: Paederus cumanus Frank [nom. nou. for Paederus bicolor Wendeler nec Olivier], Paederus sulawesi Frank [nom. nov. for Paederus melanocephlus Heller nec Fabricius], Paederus zairensis Frank [nom. nov. for Paederus orophilus Fagel nec Paederidus brunnescens orophilus (Fagel)], Paederus irianensis Frank [nom. nou. for Paederus litoreus Last nec Paederus littoreus Austin], and Oreopaederus manyemensis Frank [nom. nm. for Oreopaederus ater (Bernhauer) nec Paederidus rubrothoracicus ater (Eichler)]. …

Book Review: The Leafhoppers And Planthoppers, 1985, Frank W. Mead

Insecta Mundi

This book is composed of 19 chapters written primarily. by U.S. authors but enriched in 9 of the chapters by contributors from Great Britain, Egypt, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Italy. The chapters have sprung primarily from a symposium in honor of Dwight M. DeLong at the 1983 Entomological Society of America meeting in Detroit, Michigan. Practically all aspects of science concerning leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) and planthoppers (Fulgoroidea) are treated. The beginning chapters are on the life and contributions of Dr. DeLong and on the systematics and morphology of leafhoppers and planthoppers. Following that are a variety of contributions which utilized many …

Echinococcus Vogeli Rausch And Bernstein, 1972, From The Paca, Cuniculus Paca L. (Rodentia: Dayproctidae), In The Departamento De Santa Cruz, Bolivia, Scott Lyell Gardner, Robert L. Rausch, Otto Carlos Jordan Camacho

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Among approximately 2,000 mammals examined for helminths in various regions of Bolivia during 1983-1987, cysts of Echinococcus vogeli Rausch and Bernstein, 1972, were found in a single paca, Cuniculus paca L., collected at La Laguna, Departamento de Santa Cruz (lat. 16 [degrees] 36' W; long. 62 [degrees] 42' S). This record, the first from Bolivia, represents a considerable extension of the known geographic range of this species in South America. Upon analysis of the morphologic characteristics of the protoscoleces derived from the cysts, the sizes of rostellar hooks from the material from the paca were found to be well within …

Rhinebothrium Devaneyi N. Sp. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea) And Echinocephalus Overstreeti Deardorff And Ko, 1983 (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) In A Thorny Back Ray, Urogymnus Asperrimus, From Enewetak Atoll, With Phylogenetic Analysis Of Both Species Groups, Daniel R. Brooks, Thomas L. Deardorff

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The new species is a member of an apparently monophyletic group within the genus that includes R. flexile, R. walga, R. himanturi, R. burgeri, R. euzeti, R. hawaiiensis, R. urobatidium, R. paratrygoni, R. ditesticulum, R. tetralobatum, R. margaritense, R. biorchidum, and R. spinicephalum. All of these species have bothridia with medial longitudinal septa, a constriction at mid-bothridium, and, primitively, at least 42 loculi per bothridium and 17-22 testes per proglottid. Of the above, the new species is apparently most closely related to R. burgeri, with which …

Alternation Of Sex Ratio In A Partially Bivoltine Bee., Megachile Rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), V. J. Tepedino, F. D. Parker

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Data on offspring production by the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (F.), from three site-years were used to examine predictions of parental investment and sex ratio theory. In northern Utah, spring-emergent adults produce two types of offspring: those that develop directly to the adult stage and emerge in midsummer, and those that develop to the prepupal stage and enter diapause until the following year. For species with this kind of life cycle, it has been hypothesized that spring parents should bias their investment in summer emergent progeny towards females if spring males survive to participate in the summer mating. Results …

Grass Seedling Emergence, Morphology, And Establishment As Affected By Planting Depth, P. R. Newman, Lowell E. Moser

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The seeding depth of grasses affects emergence and adventitious root development. Seedling root morphology and development should be considered when determining planting depth for forage grasses. A field study was conducted on a Kennebec silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls) during June to August 1985 and 1986 to investigate the effect of planting depth on seedling emergence, morphology, and establishment of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii var. gerardii Vibnan), indiangrass [Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash], and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Seeds were planted by hand to insure seeding depths of 1.5, 3.0, …

Animal Sciences Into The 21st Century

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Life in Nebraska has always been closely tied to the land and its products. The animal resources of this state feed people throughout the world, and future findings in the animal industry can impact every person on earth. It is with this vision of service to the community, both local and global, that the University of Nebraska – Lincoln has provided a continually expanding Department of Animal Science. Educating young Nebraskans in all phases of the animal production cycle and researching ways to improve the animal industry have been a growing part of UNL’s academic life for nearly 100 years. …

Entomogenous Nematodes As Biological Control Agents Of European Chafer And Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae Infesting Turfgrass, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

In laboratory studies, infective juveniles of Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (=Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser) (All strain) and Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks & Hirschmann) were tested for their ability to control third-instar European chafer (EC), Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), in soil at rates from 19.4-310.0 nematodes per cm² of soil surface. H. heliothidis provided better control of EC larvae than S. feltiae over the range of rates tested. After 25 d, treatment with H. heliothidis provided 94% control of larvae at the lowest rate tested (19.4 per cm²). In a field test in turf against a mixed population of Japanese beetle, …

Foraging Behavior And Switching By The Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus Savannarum Searching For Multiple Prey In A Heterogeneous Environment, Anthony Joern

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Switching among four alternative grasshopper species by the grasshop- per sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) through frequency-dependent predation was ex- amined. Grasshoppers were presented against a heterogeneous natural background in an outdoor aviary where total density was held constant but relative density of each grasshopper species varied. Switching among prey, primarily between two of the four species, and inter-bird variability in switching was observed. Species-specific prefer- ences and interactions among the alternative grasshopper species affected the final diet choice as one grasshopper species was always preferentially selected and another disregarded independent of changes in relative density. Attributes of avian foraging behavior, including: …

Eimeria From Bats Of The World. Ii. A New Species In Tadarida Femorosacca From Sonora, Mexico, Donald W. Duszynski, David W. Reduker, Brent B. Parker

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Between 1979 and 1980, 104 bats representing 13 species in 4 families were collected in California and New Mexico, U.S.A., and Baja California and Sonora, Mexico, and were examined for coccidia; only 3 (3%) had oocysts in their feces. Bats examined and their infection rates were: Molossidae: 0 of 12 Tadarida brasiliensis, 1 of 18 (6%) T. femorosacca; Natalidae: 0 of 1 Natalus stramineus; Phyllostomatidae: 0 of 1 Choeronycteris mexicana, 0 of 2 Leptonycteris sanborni, 0 of 1 Macrotus californicus; Vespertilionidae: 0 of 9 Antrozous pallidus, 0 of 28 Eptesicusfuscus, 0 of …

Mitochondrial Dna Rearrangement Associated With Fertility Restoration And Cytoplasmic Reversion To Fertility In Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Phaseolus Vulgaris L., Sally Ann Mackenzie, D. R. Pring, M. J. Bassett, C. D. Chase

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications

Restoration of pollen fertility to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) Phaseolus vulgaris by a nuclear restorer gene provides a system for studying nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions. Introduction of a nuclear restorer gene to this CMS line of P. vulgaris (CMS-Sprite) results in a mitochondrial genome rearrangement similar to that observed upon spontaneous cytoplasmic reversion to fertility. Three spontaneous heritable cytoplasmic revertants were derived from CMS-Sprite. Five fully fertile restored lines were also produced by using restorer line R-351 (BC₃F₃ populations). Comparison of the mitochondrial DNA restriction patterns of CMS-Sprite, the three fertile revertants, and the five restored lines revealed loss …

Population Dynamics Of Distoichometra Bufonis (Cestoda: Nematotaeniidae) In Bufo Woodhousii, John J. Janovy Jr., Eugene Lee Hardin

John Janovy Publications

Prevalence, density, and variance/mean (= variance/density) ratios are reported for the cestode Distoichometra bufonis in 28 samples of the amphibian host, Bufo woodhousii, taken over a 3-yr period at two study sites on the South Platte River in Keith County, Nebraska, U.S.A. In addition, changes in host demography resulting from entry of newly metamorphosed toads into the terrestrial population are given. Prevalence and density (average number of worms per host, infected + noninfected) did not vary significantly either within or between sites and years unless newly metamorphosed toads were included in the analysis. Prevalence ranged from 70 to 100%, …

Comparison Of Heritability And Variation For Milk Yield Of Registered And Non-Registered Holstein Cows, L. Dale Van Vleck, J. C. Schneider, C. P. Van Tassell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

First lactation milk records of AI Holstein cows in the northeastern United States were analyzed for among and within-sire variation separately by year of freshening, class of herd production, and registry status of registered or nonregistered with a model that included effects of herd-seasons, sires of sampling daughters, and sires of daughters of proven sires. Heritability from the paternal half-sib correlation among records of daughters of sampling sires was similar for registered and nonregistered cows. Differences in heritability in different years and class of herd production were similar to those found in previous analyses that ignored registry status. Residual variances …

Environmental Effects On Remating In Drosophila Melanogaster, Lawrence G. Harshman, Ary A. Hoffman, Timothy Prout

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

The effects of density and food on remating were investigated using Drosophila melanogaster. The frequency of remating was unaffected by density for some combinations of fly strains but was reduced at low relative densities for other combinations. Until females had used most of their stored sperm, remating was less likely when food was absent or contact with food was prevented. Food availability had little effect on the incidence of remating once stored sperm were depleted and had no effect on initial virgin mating frequency. This study indicates that environmental factors can have a substantial direct influence on the frequency …

1987 Christmas Count

Nebraska Bird Review

1987 CHRISTMAS COUNT

There were two new reporting areas this year - Loup City, and the Nebraska portion of the Sioux City count. One hundred fourteen species are included in the report, but two of them were only from Loup City and one only from Sioux City, to leave III species from areas that reported 109 species last year. One species was reported present during the count period, but not included in any count last year. This year's report form did not include a tabulation of such species. The total individual count this year was 408,096, with 394,127 from the …