Life Sciences Commons^™

Forage News [2000-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forage Field Day is June 8
• U.K. All Commodity Field Day
• AFGC Deadline is June 15
• Bermudagrass Varieties
• Friendly Endophyte
• Upcoming Events

Novel Function Of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase In T Cell Ca2+ Signaling. A Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate-Mediated Ca2+ Entry Mechanism., A L Hsu, T T Ching, G Sen, D S Wang, Subbarao Bondada, K S Authi, C S Chen

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

This study presents evidence that phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase is involved in T cell Ca(2+) signaling via a phosphatidylinositol 3,4, 5-trisphosphate PI(3,4,5)P(3)-sensitive Ca(2+) entry pathway. First, exogenous PI(3,4,5)P(3) at concentrations close to its physiological levels induces Ca(2+) influx in T cells, whereas PI(3,4)P(2), PI(4, 5)P(2), and PI(3)P have no effect on [Ca(2+)](i). This Ca(2+) entry mechanism is cell type-specific as B cells and a number of cell lines examined do not respond to PI(3,4,5)P(3) stimulation. Second, inhibition of PI 3-kinase by wortmannin and by overexpression of the dominant negative inhibitor Deltap85 suppresses anti-CD3-induced Ca(2+) response, which could be reversed by subsequent …

Forage News [2000-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 2000 Kentucky Grazing School Overflows
• Forages at the U.K. All Commodity Field Day
• Preservative Research Results
• Program Set for the KFGC/Eden Shale Field Day
• Alfalfa is for People
• Establishment and Yield of Coated Alfalfa Seed in Commercial Fields
• Whole Farm Evaluation of a Seasonal Dairy Grazing System for the Northeastern U.S.
• Upcoming Events

Simulated Performance Of Conventional High-Temperature Drying, Dryeration, And Combination Drying Of Shelled Corn With Automatic Conditioning, Michael D. Montross, Dirk E. Maier

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Combination drying, based on computer simulation, was evaluated as an alternative drying technique to traditional high-temperature drying and dryeration. Simulation models of high-temperature crossflow drying and in-bin drying and conditioning were used to evaluate the performance of conventional crossflow drying and full-heat crossflow drying followed by dryeration or natural-air drying for Indianapolis, Indiana, and Des Moines, Iowa. Energy costs from propane, electricity, moisture shrink below the market moisture content, and dry matter loss were estimated to find the total average drying cost over 29 years. Dryeration and combination drying reduced the total drying cost by approximately 10% compared to conventional …

Solute Transport As Related To Soil Structure In Unsaturated Intact Soil Blocks, L. Bejat, E. Perfect, V. L. Quisenberry, Mark S. Coyne, G. R. Haszler

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Concern about soil and groundwater pollution has resulted in numerous studies focused on solute transport. The objectives of our study were to investigate the effect of soil type and land-use management on solute movement. Transport of water and Cl⁻ were measured through intact blocks of Maury (fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudalf) and Cecil (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult) soils, under steady-state, unsaturated flow conditions. Three replicate blocks for the Maury soil and two replicate blocks for the Cecil soil were studied per land-use treatment. The land-use treatments were conventional-till corn (Zea mays L.) production and long-term grass …

Forage News [2000-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Special Version of 3-Day Grazing School is Set for April 25-26-27
• KFGC is on the Web: www.kfgc.com
• New Summer Annual Yield Trial Report Available
• Spring Management of Drought-Damaged Pastures
• KFGC Beef-Forage Field Day Set for June 8
• Let’s Go to Wisconsin
• Kentucky Hay
• High Yield Alfalfa
• Hay Grower Arrested for Baling Hay
• Afternoon or Morning Cut Alfalfa Hay
• Upcoming Events

Novel Function Of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase In T Cell Ca2+ Signaling, Ao-Lin Hsu, Tsui-Ting Ching, Goutam Sen, Da-Sheng Wan, Subbarao Bondada, Kalwant S. Authi, Ching-Shih Chen

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

This study presents evidence that phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase is involved in T cell Ca²⁺ signaling via a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate PI(3,4,5)P₃-sensitive Ca²⁺entry pathway. First, exogenous PI(3,4,5)P₃ at concentrations close to its physiological levels induces Ca²⁺ influx in T cells, whereas PI(3,4)P₂, PI(4,5)P₂, and PI(3)P have no effect on [Ca²⁺]_i. This Ca²⁺ entry mechanism is cell type-specific as B cells and a number of cell lines examined do not respond to PI(3,4,5)P₃ stimulation. Second, inhibition of PI 3-kinase by wortmannin and by overexpression of the …

Forage News [2000-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC President’s Corner
• Kentucky Alfalfa Conference Celebrates 20 Years
• Sign Up Now for the Spring Kentucky Grazing School
• All Forage Variety Reports Are Available
• KFGC Beef and Forage Field Day is June 8 at Eden Shale
• Does Aeration of Pastures and Hayfields Pay?
• College of Agriculture Field Day
• Upcoming Events

Changes In Alfalfa Breeding — Where Is Alfalfa Headed?, Becky Greenwald

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa didn't earn the title "Queen of the Forages" just because of its good looks on rolling hills or sweet smell at harvest. Alfalfa was first described nearly 2,500 years ago, in 490 B.C in the desert regions of what is now Iran. From the Middle East, alfalfa was taken into Europe and South America by invading armies, explorers, and missionaries.

Little Known Facts About Alfalfa, Don Ball

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

During the previous nineteen Kentucky Alfalfa Conferences, many topics pertaining to alfalfa have undoubtedly been addressed. In fact, some topics such as establishment techniques, varieties, and factors affecting yield are important enough that they have probably been discussed in one form or another during most of these conferences.

However, a twentieth-year state commodity conference is a milestone that deserves some special consideration, and which should justify inclusion of one or more unique topics on the program. This line of thinking led to idea that for this presentation it might be interesting to discuss some facts about alfalfa that are not …

Reducing Alfalfa Harvesting Losses, Michael Collins

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

In some areas of the country, producers store a substantial portion of their forage for winter feeding as silage or haylage. However, hay remains the most popular storage method for forage. Hay stores well for long periods and is better suited to cash sale and transportation than silage. Mechanical conditioning, which gained acceptance during the 1950's is probably still the greatest single change in hay harvesting and storage technology during this century. However, a number of other noteworthy changes and innovations have occurred in recent years which have helped to reduce the extent of losses during hay harvesting and storage.

Opportunities For Alfalfa As A Grazing Crop In Kentucky, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Why do we continue to hear people talk about Alfalfa as a grazing crop? In my opinion there are two words that come to mind when I think of grazing Alfalfa, quality and yield. Alfalfa is without a doubt the highest quality forage we can graze. Alfalfa is also one of the highest yielding forages we can graze and maybe the highest yielding widely known and widely grown forage available to Kentucky farmers.

Hay Testing And New Marketing Program, Allen Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (Hay & Grain Branch) Hay testing program is now entering its 13^th year of testing hay for Kentucky producers. The Department continues to use NIR forage analysis equipment. The program has made many improvements and much information has been gained. We continue to strive for quality control and producing accurate results. Recently, many new updates have occurred. New hardware and software have been added, along with the recent purchase of a second hay testing van. By placing a toll free call (1-800- 248-4628) to the Department of Agriculture in Frankfort, we will find a …

An Alfalfa Disease Calendar, Paul Vincelli

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The following calendar provides producers and agricultural professionals with insights that may improve alfalfa production in several ways. First, knowing when to expect certain diseases improves one's ability to diagnose disease problems, which is a fundamental foundation for disease management. The many UK Extension Service publications on alfalfa as well as publications like the Alfalfa Analyst and the Compendium of Alfalfa Diseases, all are useful for diagnosis, but none provides a precise calendar of when to expect activity of alfalfa diseases in Kentucky. An alfalfa disease calendar can also provide occasional insights into timely management practices. For example, being …

Fertilizing Alfalfa For Profit, Monroe Rasnake, Steven G. Isaacs

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa has the potential for producing high yields of high quality forage with good management. A key component of good management is supplying plant nutrients in adequate quantities and proper balance. In Kentucky, this requires fertilizing soils with agricultural limestone, commercial fertilizers and/or animal manures. Good soil fertility is necessary for alfalfa stand establishment, high yields and long stand life.

Kentucky Alfalfa Conference After Twenty Years, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Today marks the 20th consecutive year we have come together for a full days conference featuring "Alfalfa- Queen of the Forages" as the theme and focal point. Only one other state in the U.S. has such an annual event.

Foreword [2000], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

Forage News [2000-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC President’s Corner
• Nitrogen on Pastures
• UK College of Agriculture Wants Your Comments
• Bermudagrass Establishment: What Does It Cost?
• 20^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Upcoming Events

Use Of Yeast Poly (A) Binding Proteins And Their Genes For Broad Range Protection Of Plants Against Bacterial, Fungal And Viral Pathogens, Arthur G. Hunt, Qing-Shun Li, Jianjun Yang, Carol Von Lanken

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

Plants that accumulate the yeast polyadenylate binding protein (yPAB) display a range of abnormalities, including a characteristic chlorosis in leaves to a necrosis and pronounced inhibition of growth. The severity of these abnormalities reflects the levels of yeast PAB expression in the transgenic plants. In contrast, no obvious differences are seen in undifferentiated callus cultures that express the same range of yeast PAB. The expression of the yeast PAB1 gene in plants does not affect expression of the plant PAB gene family or alter poly(A) length in the total RNA population. It is proposed that the yeast PAB1 gene or …

Escherichia Coli Pathogen O157:H7 Does Not Survive Longer In Soil Than A Nonpathogenic Fecal Coliform, D. N. Mubiru, Mark S. Coyne, John H. Grove

Agronomy Notes

Survival rates for individual types of fecal organisms are quite different. Although some pathogens may persist as long as 5 years in soil, most fecal pathogens from human and animal waste usually die very quickly. Two to three months is sufficient in most cases to reduce pathogens to negligible numbers once they have been excreted or land-applied in animal wastes.

It is expensive and time- consuming to test for individual pathogens. Consequently, nonpathogenic fecal indicator bacteria, which are easily and inexpensively detected, are often used to study pathogen survival in soil and water. Current methods for rapidly detecting fecal indicator …

Forage News [2000-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at KCA
• 20^TH Annual Alfalfa Conference
• Mini-Grazing Schools Draw 100
• KFGC President’s Corner
• Dr. Laurie Lawrence U.K. Equine Nutritionist Answers Alfalfa Questions
• Forage Variety Testing Reports in Press
• Chickweed and Henbit in Pastures
• Upcoming Events

Comparison Of Weed Management Strategies With Roundup Ready® Corn, J. A. Ferrell, William W. Witt

Agronomy Notes

Corn weed management during the past several years in Kentucky has centered around two herbicide families, the chloroacetamides (Dual, Frontier, Harness, Micro-Tech, Surpass) and the s-triazines (AAtrex, Bladex, Princep). These products have been used widely because they offer acceptable, full season control of many common warm season annual weeds at a reasonable price. This combination has been so popular that several premixtures that contain these types of herbicides (Bicep II, Bullet, Guardsman, Harness Xtra, Surpass 100, FulTime) are used commonly used in Kentucky. The key to this efficacious and economic program is atrazine because it controls most annual broadleaf …

Trends In Alfalfa Production And The Beef And Dairy Industries In Kentucky During 1989-98, Dennis Hancock, Michael Collins

Agronomy Notes

On suitable soils, alfalfa produces the highest yield of nutrients possible from a perennial forage crop. However, high production costs and restrictive soil requirements have limited the production of alfalfa in Kentucky. High producing dairy cows respond well to premium quality forage, so alfalfa is a preferred forage crop in dairy production. Thus, alfalfa production is primarily contingent on the producer’s method of marketing the crop.

The Effect Of Drying Soil Samples On Soil Test Potassium Values, Kenneth L. Wells, James E. Dollarhide

Agronomy Notes

Extreme temporal and spatial variability of soil test potassium values (STK) was measured on small plots (12-ft x 40-ft) being used for a STK correlation and calibration study on a Crider soil in Larue County, Kentucky. Twelve periodic samplings of the 20 small plots in this study over a period of 18 months showed as much as two-fold temporal differences in STK within individual plots, many of which had received no potassium (K) fertilizer during the study. Spatial variability of STK also varied as much as two-fold among the individual small plots at any given sampling time for similar treatments. …

Root Growth And Development Of Float Tobacco Transplants Before And After Transplanting, L. V. Caruso, Robert C. Pearce, Lowell P. Bush

Agronomy Notes

In the production of float tobacco transplants, the seedling produces at least two different kinds of roots. The “media” roots are those that grow in the soilless medium within the float tray cell. They have a normal branched appearance similar to roots produced on soil-bed grown transplants. The “water” roots grow through the soilless medium in tray cells and into the nutrient solution below the float tray. They tend to be very fragile and less branched than roots growing in the soilless medium. In removal of seedlings from tray cells during transplanting, “water” roots are usually badly damaged or destroyed, …

Lawn Establishment In Kentucky, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

The methods you use and the grasses you select when you start your lawn will, to a great extent, determine the quality and ease of maintenance. A quality lawn will increase the value and appeal of your property, and maintaining it can be very satisfying work.

Both cool-season and warm-season grasses can be grown in Kentucky, although most of the state is not ideally suited to either one. Because of temperature extremes in summer and winter, developing a really good lawn may be a big challenge. Proper establishment and management techniques may differ considerably from those used in surrounding states. …

Evaporation Reduction Potential In An Undisturbed Soil Irrigated With Surface Drip And Sand Tube Irrigation, Masoud Meshkat, Richard C. Warner, Stephen R. Workman

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The efficiency of drip irrigation is highly dependent on evaporation losses occurring from the constantly saturated soil beneath emitters. Advent of subsurface drip irrigation is in part an approach to curb this inefficiency. An irrigation method, Sand Tube Irrigation (STI), is proposed to increase the efficiency of “Normal” surface applied drip Irrigation (NI method) on permanent tree crops without the need for burying the irrigation tubing. The sand tube consists of removing a soil core beneath the emitter and filling the void with coarse sand. A weighing lysimeter was constructed in the laboratory and instrumented to directly measure temporal evaporation …

Turf Care Calendar For Kentucky Bluegrass, Tall Fescue, And Perennial Ryegrass Turf, A. J. Powell

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

No abstract provided.

No-Till Soybeans, James H. Herbek

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Soybean acreage in Kentucky more than tripled during the 1970s from less than 500,000 acres in 1969 to more than 1.6 million acres by 1979. Currently, 1.2 million acres or more of soybeans are planted annually. A great concern for soil erosion developed due to this expansion onto marginal erodible land. No-till systems of soybean production make it possible to maintain productivity on erodible land while keeping erosion losses within tolerable levels.

Lawn Fertilization In Kentucky, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

To maintain a quality lawn, you should apply fertilizer every year. Fertilization helps maintain turf uniformity, a good green color, and reduces weed problems. These positive effects can be lost, however, if fertilizer is applied improperly or at the wrong time.