Life Sciences Commons^™

Forage News [2004-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 24^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Forages at KCA Proceedings Available On-Line
• Forage Variety Information Available
• Spring Grazing School
• Improving Forage Systems is Focus of Northeast Kentucky Program
• What is Quality Worth?
• KFGC Election Results
• Bermudagrass Update
• Upcoming Events

Forages In My Farming Operation, Jimmie Thompson

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

No abstract provided.

Seven Basic Elements For A Successful Native Warm Season Grass Establishment For Forage Production, Randy Seymour, John Seymour

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

First, let’s make it clear from the start, there is NO justification for plowing up all of your cool season forages and replacing them with warm season forages.

We strongly believe, and can support our belief with practical evidence, that warm season native grasses, produced in DESIGNED AMOUNTS to complement cool season forages, will make money for the beef and dairy producer.

Managing Broomsedge In Pastures, Monroe Rasnake

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

Broomsedge, broomgrass, sagegrass (Andropogon Virginiana) is a perennial, warm season grass native to Kentucky. It is well adapted to the soils and climate of this area. Add to this the fact that it is relatively unpalatable to livestock and it is easy to understand why it is common in Kentucky pasture fields. The question then becomes: why is it a problem in some fields and not in others?

Getting More From Forages, Garry D. Lacefield

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

In human endeavors, results are usually highly correlated with investments in terms of thought, time, effort, and a certain amount of money. In particular, the best and most profitable forage programs have had the most thought put into them. Top producers strive to continue to improve their operations by developing strategies, practices, and procedures that will result in “GETTING MORE FROM FORAGES”.

Foreword [2004], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2004-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at the Kentucky Cattleman’s Convention
• KFGC Elects Officers
• 24^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Kentucky Hay Testing Program
• Heart of America Grazing Conference January 21 – 22, 2004 Holiday Inn Conference Center at the Airport Evansville, IN
• NU Research: Feeding, Grazing GM Corn Doesn’t Affect Livestock Performance
• Upcoming Events

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 2003, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

The FY2003 Annual Technical Report for Kentucky consolidates reporting requirements of the Section 104(b) base grant award in a single technical report that includes: 1) a synopsis of each research project supported during the period, 2) a list of related reports, 3) a description of information transfer activities, 4) a sumarry of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.

Quantitative Analysis Of Hemocyte Morphological Abnormalities Associated With Campoletis Sonorensis Parasitization, Matthew W. Turnbull, Stacy B. Martin, Bruce A. Webb

Entomology Faculty Publications

Endoparasitoids of arthropods evoke host cellular immune responses that result in hemocytic encapsulation of the endoparasitoid, unless these responses are disrupted by the parasite. Our interest has focused on mutualistic viruses found in some hymenopteran endoparasitoids that disrupt hemocyte function and prevent encapsulation. Specifically, the Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus interacts with wasp factors to suppress immunity via expression of intracellular and secreted viral proteins. To study the roles of specific parasitization-associated factors on immunocyte morphology, fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize the actin cytoskeleton in infected and uninfected cells, or after treatment with C. sonorensis ovarian proteins or plasma from infected …

Loline Alkaloid Biosynthesis In Neotyphodium Uncinatum, A Fungal Endophyte Of Lolium Pratense, Jimmy Douglas Blankenship

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Some endophytes in mutualistic associations with Festuca, Lolium and other grass species produce insecticidal loline alkaloids (1-aminopyrrolizidines; LA). These loline alkaloids have a saturated pyrrolizidine ring system (two-rings sharing a carbon and nitrogen atom), a 1-amine substituted with methyl, acetyl, or formyl groups, and an oxygen bridge between C-2 and C-7. The development of a reliable system of production of LA in cultures of the Lolium pratense (meadow fescue) endophyte, Neotyphodium uncinatum, facilitated work on the LA biosynthetic pathway. N. uncinatum produced norloline, loline, methylloline, N-acetylnorloline (NANL), N-formylloline (NFL), and N-acetylloline as detected in culture filtrates. The total production …

Sexual And Asexual Reproductive Characteristics Of The North American Pawpaw [Asimina Triloba (L.) Dunal], Sheri Beth Crabtree

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The North American Pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] shows great potential as a new fruit crop. Kentucky State University in Frankfort, Ky. is the site for the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) for Asimina species. Both the fruit and the trees themselves are of high value to growers and nursery producers. Pawpaw cultivars are currently propagated by grafting or budding onto seedling rootstock; no method currently exists to clonally propagate pawpaw on its own roots. Three methods of layering were attempted in this study to clonally propagate pawpaw: trench layering, pot layering, and mound layering. Both trench layering …

Building Web-Based Interactive Keys To The Hymenopteran Families And Superfamilies, Katja Chantre Seltmann

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Traditionally manufacturing job shops either have a process layout or a product layout. The advantages of one type of layout tend to be a disadvantage for the other. Hybrid cellular constructs represents a novel fusion of process and product layouts. In this thesis, hybrid cellular constructs specifically Hybrid Flow Shops and Reoriented andamp; Reshaped Cells are clearly described in terms of their structure, key features, and modes of operation. An engineering procedure is illustrated by cases and particular manufacturing circumstances where each concept would be most useful are identified. This thesis then defines the lean practices that are compatible with …

Impaired Antigen Receptor Induced Calcium Mobilization In A Phospholipase C-Gamma1 Deficient B Cell Line., Natarajan Muthusamy, Do Joon Park, Hei-Won Rho, Sue Goo Rhee, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

B lymphocytes express phospholipase C-gamma(1) (PLC-gamma(1)) and phospholipase C-gamma(2) (PLC-gamma(2)) isozymes. However, the relative importance of these two isozymes in B cell signaling is not known. We report here the identification and analysis of a B cell line deficient in PLC-gamma(1). Mature splenic B lymphocytes and a panel of cell lines representing pre-B, immature and mature B cell stages expressed phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma), but not the beta or delta isoforms of phospholipase C (PLC). While all the tested B cell lines and primary splenic B cells expressed PLC-gamma(1) and PLC-gamma(2) isozymes, the L1.2 B cell line exclusively expressed PLC-gamma(2), but …

Forage News [2003-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forage at KCA
• KFGC Awards
• 4^TH Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Characteristics Typical of Profitable Dairy Graziers in Wisconsin
• Alfalfa Average Increase
• Opportunities for Warm Season Grasses
• Costs of Maintaining a Beef Cow in Kentucky, Illinois or Michigan
• Upcoming Events

Efficient Grazing Systems: Putting Pieces Together, Charles T. Dougherty

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Pros and cons of grazing systems are well-known to this audience. Efficient grazing systems, however, are a different story. What is an efficient grazing system? I think we could argue that topic until the cows come home and I do not believe we could come to any agreement. I am going to approach the subject of efficiency from several angles but you will probably see them differently. Economic efficiencies will not be covered.

Kentucky Goat Friendly Pasture Concepts, Terry Hutchens

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Goats are accomplished grazers of grass and browse plants. In addition, they can be managed within a grazing system both intensively or extensively as long as quality forage is made available. Goats are facultative browsers, they prefer to feed at eye level and upward and then feed on forage from the top of the plant down. Goats prefer to move freely from plant to plant-removing foliage from select portions of plants. Foliage meals are dictated by quality factors that insure adequate protein and energy levels. Each stem or leaf is clipped with precision leaving the forage residue standing equal in …

Effective Use Of Pastures For Horses, Robert Coleman

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Pastures can serve two very necessary functions for the care and maintenance of horses. Not only do these areas of grasses and legumes provide a place for the horse to exercise, they can provide a significant portion of the horse’s nutrient requirement. Horses evolved as a grazing animal, so it is reasonable that many classes of horse can be adequately maintained on well-managed pastures.

The Economics Of Integrating Crop Land To Mig Grazing, Edward N. Ballard

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Illinois soils vary in their properties and producing capacities. Large areas of the state have soils that are among the most productive in the world. Other areas have soils that, because they are too steep or droughty or have some other undesirable features, are not the most productive for corn and soybeans.

However, over the past 30 years there has been a trend to place more acres in Illinois in corn and soybeans and less acres in small grains, legumes and pasture crops. Government incentive programs have encouraged more acres to be place into corn and soybean production.

Environmental Benefits With Improved Grazing, David Stipes

Kentucky Grazing Conference

The public is becoming better educated about the environment and will continually question activities that are perceived as being harmful to soil, water, air, plants, people, animals and other concerns. Livestock producers who implement well-planned grazing management systems have an excellent opportunity to compliment both production and natural resource conservation considerations. All segments of the population involved in production agriculture will be held accountable for environmental impacts that result from their operation. A proactive approach is needed by livestock and other agricultural producers to sustain the protection of the environment that is in harmony with a healthy ecosystem. All those …

Grazing Systems For Beef Cattle, John Johns

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Beef cattle represent the most important grazing livestock enterprise to Kentucky producers. As of January 1, 2003 there were 1,120,000 producing beef brood cows on 39,000 farms in the state. In addition, more than 600,000 yearling cattle are also produced. The number of total beef animals is increasing as producers put more economic reliance on beef and forage programs. In many cases, beef cattle represent the only practical method of converting high quality forage to income for producers.

Grazing Systems For Dairy, Donna M. Amaral-Phillips

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Forages which are grazed can provide anywhere from 25 to 100% of the forage consumed by growing dairy heifers, dry cows or the milking herd. In this paper, I would like to specifically deal with devising a grazing program for a dairy lactating or milking herd. Lactating dairy cows are a “high performance animal” and, as such, any decreases in the availability or quality of forage can quickly decrease milk production. Thus, the goal when designing a grazing system is to provide adequate quantities of high-quality, vegetative forage to prevent decreases in performance. These decreases in performance occur in all …

Opportunities For Warm Season Grasses, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Today I would like to do two things, first talk a little about warm season grasses, where they come from, and where they might fit in your grazing program; and second, talk about the four major native grass species and two introduced species.

Native warm season perennial grasses were an important part of the native forage species of Kentucky, supplying food and cover for deer, buffalo, and other wildlife when settlers arrived into Kentucky. With settlers plowing, overgrazing, and the introduction of other forages, Native Warm Season Grasses (NWSGs) were on the brink of extinction. These grasses included switchgrass, eastern …

Optimize Grazing--Minimize Stored Feed, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Grazing Conference

The title “Optimize Grazing – Minimize Stored Feed” appears to be a bit redundant at first glance. Indeed if we optimize grazing, we will certainly minimize the amount of stored feed required to winter our animals. Putting both concepts together can serve as a reminder of the tremendous benefit of both.

Grazing represents the cheapest source of nutrients for our beef industry. Several studies have shown that the best predictor of profitability in the beef industry is cost of stored feed. In Kentucky, specifically, that means cost/amount of hay required to winter on beef animals.

Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2003], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2003-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 4^TH Kentucky Grazing Conference in Lexington
• Buttercup Control in Cool-Season Grass Pastures
• Does “Endophyte” in Stockpiled Tall Fescue Impact Animal Performance?
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2003-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Illinois Animal Scientist to Speak at Kentucky Grazing Conference
• KFGC Awards: Deadline October 15
• Fighting Tall Fescue Toxicity: Is There a Silver Bullet?
• Forage Extension Position
• Performance of Grazing-Tolerant Alfalfa Varieties Rotationally Grazed by Dairy Cattle
• The Most Important Invention in 2000 Years?
• Last Call for October Grazing School
• A Long, Rich History
• Evaluating Hay Quality
• Upcoming Events

A Neuronal-Specific Differentiation Protein That Directly Modulates Retinoid Receptor Transcriptional Activation, Kenneth W. Henry Ii, Michael L. Spencer, Maria Theodosiou, Dingyuan Lou, Daniel J. Noonan

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The specificity of a nuclear receptor's ability to modulate gene expression resides in its ability to bind a specific lipophilic ligand, associate with specific dimerization partners and bind specific DNA sequences in the promoter regions of genes. This sequence of events appears to be the basis for targeting an additional regulatory complex composed of a variety of protein and RNA components that deliver signals for facilitation or inhibition of the RNA polymerase complex. Characterization of the tissue and cell-specific components of these coregulatory complexes appear to be integral to our understanding of nuclear receptor regulation of transcription.

RESULTS: A …

Forage News [2003-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Grazing School in Paris October 14-15
• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• KFGC Awards
• Influence of Nitrogen Rate and Pasture Composition on Toxicity, Quality and Yield of Stockpiled Tall Fescue
• Revised Publications
• Variety Information Available on Web
• Feed Cost #1
• Can It Pay to Graze High Value Land?
• Upcoming Events

Simulation Of Fixed– And Variable–Rate Application Of Granular Materials, John Patrick Fulton, Scott A. Shearer, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Michael E. Anderson, Thomas F. Burks, Stephen F. Higgins

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Research has shown that application errors exist with variable–rate technology (VRT) systems. Consequently, using prescription maps for economic and agronomic analyses can generate misleading results. The intent of this article was to develop and validate a spatial data model for generating “as–applied” maps to support the advancement of precision agriculture practices. Previous research modified ASAE Standard S341.2 to include a 2–D matrix of collection pans to assess fixed–rate and variable–rate (VR) deposition of granular fertilizers and agricultural lime from a spinner disc spreader. The “as–applied” spatial data model uses GIS functionality to generate “as–applied” surfaces by merging distribution patterns and …

Cutter Assembly For Microscope And Related Method, Richard R. Muse, Lisa J. Vaillancourt, William J. Young

Plant Pathology Faculty Patents

A low-profile cutter assembly for use on a microscope and related cutting method are provided. The cutter assembly includes a support subassembly having a mounting ring for receiving and engaging the objective of a microscope. A cutter subassembly carried by the support subassembly is displaceable between a home and a forward position in response to actuation. Upon reaching the forward position, additional actuation causes the front end of the cutter subassembly to pivot toward the stage, thereby placing a cutter adjacent to or in contact with the specimen. By selectively actuating the cutter subassembly, multiple cuts may be performed, as …