Life Sciences Commons^™

Forage News [2007-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• KY Grazing Conference Hosts Popular Forage Spokesperson Contest
• Grazing Corn Stalks
• Nutrient Losses from Harvested Hay or Crop Residue
• Forages - Louisville - January - Big Event
• Biotechnology in Forage Crops: Update for KY Farmers
• The Effects of Feeding Sericea Lespedeza Hay on Growth Rate of Goats Naturally Infected with Gastrointestinal Nematodes
• Southeastern Drought Drives Search for Hay
• Upcoming Events

Agricultural Situation And Outlook Fall 2007, Chuck Corby, Kenneth H. Burdine

Agricultural Situation and Outlook

No abstract provided.

A Simple Array Platform For Microrna Analysis And Its Application In Mouse Tissues, Xiaoqing Tang, Jozsef Gal, Xun Zhuang, Wang-Xia Wang, Haining Zhu, Guiliang Tang

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play a critical role in many important biological processes. Most miRNAs are conserved between humans and mice, which makes it possible to analyze their expressions with a set of selected array probes. Here, we report a simple array platform that can detect 553 nonredundant miRNAs encompassing the entire set of miRNAs for humans and mice. The platform features carefully selected and designed probes with optimized hybridization parameters. Potential cross-reaction between mature miRNAs and their precursors was investigated. The array platform was …

Forage News [2007-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forage Spokesman Nominations
• CRP – Forage Quality
• Wet Chemistry Results of Hay Baled from CRP Fields in Hopkins Co. - Aug. 2007
• KFGC Awards
• Stockpiling Tall Fescue
• Cost Per Day on Stockpiled Fescue/Fall Fertilization
• Cost Per Day on Soyhulls/Limit Hay
• Caution When Seeding into Drought Damaged Pastures
• NAFA Summit Promotes Alfalfa for Biofuel
• Consider Annual Ryegrass as a High Quality Forage Option
• Upcoming Events

Mutants And Assay System To Identify Usp/Rxr Ligands, Grace Jones, Davy Jones

Biology Faculty Patents

The invention relates to mutant nuclear hormone receptors that encode mutant nuclear hormone receptors, in which particular amino acid residues are substituted with respect to wild type, so as to be able to detect ligand binding to the mutant receptor by either a change in a physical property of the mutant receptor and/or an transcriptional induction of a nuclear hormone receptor construct. The invention also relates to a nuclear hormone receptor response element denoted by the formula YDRXZ comprising a direct repeat (DR) comprising two half sites separated by X nucleic acid bases; wherein Z indicates the presence of at …

Forage News [2007-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• UK All Commodity Field Day
• 8^th Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Hay Hotline Helps Farmers in Search of Forage
• Beware of Hay Payment Scam
• Judge Amends Roundup Ready Alfalfa Ruling
• Corn Acres Soar, Soy Acres Plunge
• Relative Feed Value (RFV) and Relative Forage Quality (RFQ)
• KFGC Awards
• Forage Spokesman Nominations
• Upcoming Events

Impacts Of T-Phylloplanin Gene Knockdown And Of Helianthus And Datura Phylloplanins On Peronospora Tabacina Spore Germination And Disease Potential, Antoaneta B. Kroumova, Ryan W. Shepherd, George J. Wagner

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

T-phylloplanin proteins secreted to aerial surfaces of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by short procumbent trichomes inhibit spore germination and blue mold disease caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina. Many other plants were found to contain water-washed leaf surface proteins (phylloplanins), but the functions and properties of these are not known. Here we extend earlier evidence for the antifungal activity of T-phylloplanins using a reverse genetics approach. RNA interference of the T-phylloplanin gene in tobacco ‘T.I. 1068’ resulted in loss of T-phylloplanin mRNA and protein, loss of in vitro spore germination inhibition activity, and leaf infection …

Chronic Administration Of R-Flurbiprofen Attenuates Learning Impairments In Transgenic Amyloid Precursor Protein Mice, Thomas Kukar, Sonya Prescott, Jason L. Eriksen, Vallie Holloway, M. Paul Murphy, Edward H. Koo, Todd E. Golde, Michelle M. Nicolle

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with a reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We and others have shown that certain NSAIDs reduce secretion of Abeta42 in cell culture and animal models, and that the effect of NSAIDs on Abeta42 is independent of the inhibition of cyclooxygenase by these compounds. Since Abeta42 is hypothesized to be the initiating pathologic molecule in AD, the ability of these compounds to lower Abeta42 selectively may be associated with their protective effect. We have previously identified R-flurbiprofen (tarenflurbil) as a selective Abeta42 lowering agent with greatly reduced cyclooxygenase activity that …

Post Hoc Pattern Matching: Assigning Significance To Statistically Defined Expression Patterns In Single Channel Microarray Data, Randall Hulshizer, Eric M. Blalock

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Researchers using RNA expression microarrays in experimental designs with more than two treatment groups often identify statistically significant genes with ANOVA approaches. However, the ANOVA test does not discriminate which of the multiple treatment groups differ from one another. Thus, post hoc tests, such as linear contrasts, template correlations, and pairwise comparisons are used. Linear contrasts and template correlations work extremely well, especially when the researcher has a priori information pointing to a particular pattern/template among the different treatment groups. Further, all pairwise comparisons can be used to identify particular, treatment group-dependent patterns of gene expression. However, these approaches …

Forage News [2007-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages Losses Exceed $40 Million
• Forage & Beef Tours at UKREC Field Day
• Grazing Conference Date Change
• Forage Spokesman Nominations
• KFGC Awards
• AFGC Report from Pennsylvania
• Top 14 Invasive Species in Kentucky
• Switchgrass Incentives May Be in Farm Bill
• Double Whammy…
• Eastern Gamagrass Meeting & Tour
• KFGC Field Day
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2007-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Summer Grazing Tour
• UK Field Day Offers Something for Everyone
• KADB Approves $650,000 For Biomass Project
• USDA-ARS and Cooperative Extension Sponsors Eastern Gamagrass Field Day
• Roundup Ready Alfalfa Injunction is Permanent
• No Roundup Ready Harvest Restrictions Yet
• Effects of Forage on Steer Performance
• Effects of Forage on Stocker Profits
• Grazing Days – Fescue vs. Small Grains
• Forage Has Cellulosic Ethanol Potential
• Maintaining Forage Harvester for Fuel Efficiency
• Upcoming Events

Differential Neuromuscular Training Effects On Acl Injury Risk Factors In"High-Risk" Versus "Low-Risk" Athletes, Gregory D. Myer, Kevin R. Ford, Jensen L. Brent, Timothy E. Hewett

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular training may reduce risk factors that contribute to ACL injury incidence in female athletes. Multi-component, ACL injury prevention training programs can be time and labor intensive, which may ultimately limit training program utilization or compliance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of neuromuscular training on those classified as "high-risk" compared to those classified as "low-risk." The hypothesis was that high-risk athletes would decrease knee abduction moments while low-risk and control athletes would not show measurable changes.

METHODS: Eighteen high school female athletes participated in neuromuscular training 3x/week over a 7-week period. Knee kinematics and …

Forage News [2007-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Freeze and Forages
• Forage Field Day in Monroe County
• Grazing and Alfalfa Conferences
• Forage Tour Set for U.K. All Commodity Field Day
• Remember AFGC Annual Meeting - June 24-26, 2007
• Final Alfalfa Weevil Thoughts - Don’t Forget Regrowth Feeding
• Milk Production
• Barren County Continued as Cattle Capital of Kentucky
• Armyworm Counts on the Increase Again!
• Losses of Alfalfa During Harvest
• Upcoming Events

Corn Stover Availability And Collection Efficiency Using Typical Hay Equipment, Robert M. Prewitt, Michael D. Montross, Scott A. Shearer, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Stephen F. Higgins, Samuel G. Mcneill, Shahab Sokhansanj

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Corn stover has been identified as a potential feedstock for the production of fermentable sugars and thermochemical processes. The availability and efficiency of typical hay equipment for collecting corn stover has not been well quantified. Corn stover was collected for two years on a central Kentucky farm near Louisville. Six different harvesting treatments, using traditional hay equipment, were used to harvest corn stover. A rotary mower, rotary scythe (flail-type mower with windrow-forming shields), parallel bar rake, and a round baler were utilized. The average stover moisture content prior to grain harvest was above 40%, and field drying was required before …

Gender-Specific Effects Of Hiv Protease Inhibitors On Body Mass In Mice, Melinda E. Wilson, Kimberly F. Allred, Elizabeth M. Kordik, Deana K. Jasper, Amanda N. Rosewell, Anthony J. Bisotti

Physiology Faculty Publications

Protease inhibitors, as part of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), have significantly increased the lifespan of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Several deleterious side effects including dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy, however, have been observed with HAART. Women are at a higher risk of developing adipose tissue alterations and these alterations have different characteristics as compared to men. We have previously demonstrated that in mice the HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, caused a reduction in weight gain in females, but had no effect on male mice. In the present study, we examined the potential causes of this difference in weight gain. Low-density …

Soil Microbial Community Response To Hexavalent Chromium In Planted And Unplanted Soil, Ioannis Ipsilantis, Mark S. Coyne

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Theories suggest that rapid microbial growth rates lead to quicker development of metal resistance. We tested these theories by adding hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to soil, sowing Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), and comparing rhizosphere and bulk soil microbial community responses. Four weeks after the initial Cr(VI) application we measured Cr concentration, microbial biomass by fumigation extraction and soil extract ATP, tolerance to Cr and growth rates with tritiated thymidine incorporation, and performed community substrate use analysis with BIOLOG GN plates. Exchangeable Cr(VI) levels were very low, and therefore we assumed the Cr(VI) impact was transient. Microbial biomass was reduced …

Expansion Of The Calcium Hypothesis Of Brain Aging And Alzheimer's Disease: Minding The Store, Olivier Thibault, John C. Gant, Philip W. Landfield

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Evidence accumulated over more than two decades has implicated Ca2+ dysregulation in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), giving rise to the Ca2+ hypothesis of brain aging and dementia. Electrophysiological, imaging, and behavioral studies in hippocampal or cortical neurons of rodents and rabbits have revealed aging-related increases in the slow afterhyperpolarization, Ca2+ spikes and currents, Ca2+transients, and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (L-VGCC) activity. Several of these changes have been associated with age-related deficits in learning or memory. Consequently, one version of the Ca2+ hypothesis has been that increased L-VGCC activity drives many of the other Ca2+-related biomarkers of hippocampal aging. …

Functional Dissociation In Frontal And Striatal Areas For Processing Of Positive And Negative Reward Information, Xun Liu, David K. Powell, Hongbin Wang, Brian T. Gold, Christine R. Corbly, Jane E. Joseph

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Reward-seeking behavior depends critically on processing of positive and negative information at various stages such as reward anticipation, outcome monitoring, and choice evaluation. Behavioral and neuropsychological evidence suggests that processing of positive (e.g., gain) and negative (e.g., loss) reward information may be dissociable and individually disrupted. However, it remains uncertain whether different stages of reward processing share certain neural circuitry in frontal and striatal areas, and whether distinct but interactive systems in these areas are recruited for positive and negative reward processing. To explore these issues, we used a monetary decision-making task to investigate the roles of frontal and striatal …

Forage News [2007-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Conference Proceedings on Web
• Growers Can Continue to Grow and Use Roundup Ready Alfalfa, but Monsanto Company Is Disappointed with Preliminary Injunction Affecting Purchase and Planting; Will Continue to Support Growers’ Right to Choose Roundup Ready Alfalfa for Their Forage Operations
• New Posters Featuring Forages Now Available/Southern Forages Book Now in Fourth Edition
• Teff
• Removal of Tall Fescue from Kentucky Bluegrass Pastures
• Phoenix Alfalfa has Substantial Resistance to Sclerotinia Crown and Stem Rot
• KFGC Summer Field Day
• Upcoming Events

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Identification of potential bacterial sources and levels, Red Duck Creek, Mayfield, Kentucky, Brooke Vorbeck, Travis Martin, and Mike Kemp, Dept of Industrial and Engineering Technology, Murray State University
• Water-quality trend analysis for streams in Kentucky, A.S. Crain and G.R. Martin, USGS, Louisville
• Preliminary Results of a Fecal Microbe Survey in a Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, W.S. Borowski and M.S. Albright, Depts of Earth Sciences and Geography, EKU
• Preliminary Physical and Chemical Characteristics of an Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, E.C. Jolly and W.S. Borowski, Dept of Earth Sciences, EKU
• Lethal and …

Session 2d: Superfund, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Challenges and Opportunities in Working Directly with Affected Superfund Communities in Kentucky, Lisa Gaetke, Nutrition and Food Science, UK
• Selected Chloro-Organic Detoxifications by Poly-Chelate (polyacrylic acid) and Citrate-Based Fenton Reaction at Neutral pH Environment, YongChao Li, L. G. Bachas, and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Depts of Chemical & Materials Engineering and Chemisty, UK
• Reductive Degradation of Cholorinated Organics by Membrane-Supported Nonoparticles, Jian Xu and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Dept of Chemical & Materials Engineering, UK

Session 2c: Education/Outreach, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• 5 Stars, 15 Students, and 5000 Trees, A.A. Gumbert and others, Extension Associate for Environmental and Natural Resource Issues, UK
• The Water Pioneers Water Quality Initiative, Stephanie Jenkins, Doug McLaren, Blake Newton, Amanda Abnee, UK
• Local and State Partnership for MS4 Success in Kentucky – Coordinated Communication, Education and Outreach, C.D. McCormick and Shelby Jett, FMSM Engineers, Louisville and Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
• Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Challenge for Kentucky’s Stormwater Program Cities, B. Tonning, R. Walker, and J. Arnold, Tetra Tech, Lexington

Session 2b: Goundwater, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Mapping Service, R.S. Fisher and Bart Davidson, KGS
• Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Data Search Engine, Bart Davidson and R.S. Fisher, KGS
• Water Quality in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky 2004-06, Angela S. Crain, USGS, Louisville
• Salt Movement Through the Vadose Zone of a Karst Soil – First Experiences with a Transfer Function Approach, Ole Wendroth and others, Dept Plant and Soil Sciences, UK

Session 2a: Surface Water, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Development and Application of a New Sediment Fingerprinting Methodology for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Charles Davis and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Accounting for Construction Stormwater in TMDL Development for Sediment Impaired Streams in Rapidly Growing Residential Areas, Jon Ludwig and John Bekman, Tetra Tech, and David Montali, WVDEP
• Responses of Riparian Plant Diversity to Gradients in Flood Frequency and Severity, Patrick Lawless and Jimmy Fox, Depts of Geography and Civil Engineering, UK

Session 1d: Biology, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Long-Term Assessments and Seasonal Variations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Water, Sediments, Floodplain Soils, and Sentinel Fish Species from Big and Little Bayou Creeks, McCracken County, Kentucky, D.J. Price, Dept of Biology, UK
• Characterization of total dissolved solids (TDS) toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia associated with effluent discharges from a meat packaging industry, Agus Sofyan and David Price, Dept of Biology, UK
• Wilson Creek Restoration and the Response in Food Web Function and Fish Community Structure, Wesley Daniel and Jeff Jack, Dept of Biology and Center for Environmental Science, U of L

Session 1c: Epscor Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Colloidal Arsenic in Poultry-Litter Amended Soils, Lisa Y. Blue and others, Dept of Chemistry, UK
• Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of Arsenic Metal in Groundwater Samples from Ballard, Carlisle, and Graves Counties, Kentucky, H.B. Fannin and others, Dept of Chemistry, Murray State University
• Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of the Groundwater Quality in Calloway County, Kentucky, Dan Kotter and others, KGS, Henderson, KY
• Land-Use Effects on Water Quality Within Lower Howard Creek Watershed, Southwestern Clark County, Kentucky, S.D. Daugherty and J.S. Dinger, Dept Earth & Environmental Sciences and KGS, UK

Session 1b: Student Research Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Experimental Study of the Impact of Upland Sediment Supply upon Cohesive Streambank Erosion Part I: Fluid Turbulence, Brian Belcher and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Toward Using a Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Simulating Hydrodynamics Near a Dam for Constructing the Rating Curve, Z.S. Shao and S.A. Yost, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Property Taxation and Forest Fragmentation in Kentucky Watersheds, Scott Brodbeck and Tamara Cushing, Dept of Forestry, UK
• Solute and Particle Tracer Movement Under Various Flow Conditions in a Karst Groundwater Basin, Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky, J.W. Ward and others, Dept Earth and …

Session 1a: Microbial Source Tracking, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Detecting Multiple Source Origins from Fecal Bacteria Antibiotic Resistance Patterns, Sloane Ritchey and M.S. Coyne, Environmental Research Institute, EKU and Dept of Plant and Soil Sciences, UK
• Microbial Source Tracking; Limits and Application, Steve Evans, Third Rock Consultants, Lexington
• Triplett Creek Focus Study, Brian Reeder and April Haight, Institute for Regional Analysis and Public Policy, Morehead State University

Proceedings Of 2007 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This conference was planned and conducted as part of the state water resources research annual program with the support and collaboration of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Kentucky Research Foundation, under Grant Agreement Number 06HQGR0087.

The views and conclusions contained in this document and presented at the symposium are those of the abstract authors and presenters and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government or other symposium organizers and sponsors.

Plant Cells And Plants Expressing Chemeric Isoprenoid Synthases, Joseph Chappell, Kyoungwhan Back

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

The invention features plant cells and plants that include a nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric isoprenoid synthase polypeptide including an asymmetrically positioned homologous domain. The chimeric isoprenoid synthases of the invention catalyze the production of isoprenoid reaction products that are not produced when the asymmetrically positioned homologous domain is positioned at its naturally-occurring site in an isoprenoid synthase polypeptide.