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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 5101 - 5130 of 5639

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Report On Fish Collections From The Ouachita River Basin, Arkansas, John A. Baker Jan 1985

Report On Fish Collections From The Ouachita River Basin, Arkansas, John A. Baker

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Collections of fishes were made throughout the Ouachita River system of southern Arkansas during July and August 1983. Seventeen sites were sampled using boat arid backpack electroshocker, experimental gill nets, hoop nets, and seines. A total of 8011 fish representing 79 species and one hybrid combination was taken in the study. Comments are presented on the distribution, habitat, and ecology of fishes collected.

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Comparative Study Of Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity In Diving And Nondiving Reptiles, Dennis A. Baeyens, Deborah Bursey, Robert Rountree Jan 1985

Comparative Study Of Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity In Diving And Nondiving Reptiles, Dennis A. Baeyens, Deborah Bursey, Robert Rountree

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The properties of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were examined in two snake species and one turtle species. The snakes used in the study were the semi-aquatic Nerodia rhombifera and the terrestrial Elaphe obsoleta, while Pseudemys scripta represented the turtle species. Our purpose was to compare the LDH activity of nondiving reptiles (Nerodia and Elaphe) with that of the well established diver Pseudemys. The kinetic properties of LDH and its susceptibility to inhibition by elevated pyruvate concentrations were investigated in the brain and heart of the three species. Brain and heart were chosen because they are highly aerobic tissues and therefore should …

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Effects Of Litter On Aquatic Macrophyte Germination And Growth, Mark F. Carter, Forrest E. Lane, James B. Grace Jan 1985

Effects Of Litter On Aquatic Macrophyte Germination And Growth, Mark F. Carter, Forrest E. Lane, James B. Grace

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In Arkansas, during seasonal drought periods, lake water levels drop leaving exposed mudflats which are primary sites for seedling establishment. Commonly, these exposed mudflats are partially covered with decomposing litter from previous stands of aquatic plants. In this study, aqueous leachates from the litter of four macrophytes, Eleocharis quadrangulata, Justicia americana, Polygonum lapathifolium, and Potamogeton nodosus, were used to test for chemical interference with germination and seedling growth. Only Justicia americana leachate was found to affect the growth of several of the test species. The potential for chemical interference by Justicia litter was evaluated further using extracts of acidified leachate. …

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A Check-List Of The Spiders Of Arkansas, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1985

A Check-List Of The Spiders Of Arkansas, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Collections of spiders were made from 1966, to the present in the six physiographic regions of Arkansas. During this time 435 species representing 35 families were collected and recorded.

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Repair Of Lethal Damage Induced In A Hamster X Amphibian Hybrid Tissue Culture Cell Line By Ultraviolet Light And Gamma Ray, Susan Kulp, Ann Page, H. Gaston Griggs Jan 1985

Repair Of Lethal Damage Induced In A Hamster X Amphibian Hybrid Tissue Culture Cell Line By Ultraviolet Light And Gamma Ray, Susan Kulp, Ann Page, H. Gaston Griggs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A hybrid cell line was formed by fusing cells from two established vertebrate tissue culture cell lines (V79B1 hamster and A84 Xenopus), which were known to differ substantially in resistance to some radiation-induced lesions and in associated repair potential. Ultraviolet and gamma ray dose-survival relations were then determined and analyzed for the three cell lines, primarily to compare the radiosensitivity (Do dose) of the hybrid line with that of each parental line for each radiation. Further experimentation was conducted to determine the extent to which observed differences in these Do doses could be attributed to interactions of the combined parental …

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Methemoglobin Reduction In The Presence Of Various Concentrations Of Oxyhemoglobin, Ali Mansouri Jan 1985

Methemoglobin Reduction In The Presence Of Various Concentrations Of Oxyhemoglobin, Ali Mansouri

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Methemoglobin reduction in human red blood cell is governed by many factors, one of which is the concentration of oxyhemoglobin. Experiments were conducted to determine the inhibition of methemoglobin reduction by oxyhemoglobin under concentrations approaching those in the red cell. Hemoglobin, methemoglobin reductase and cytochrome b₅ were prepared by routine protein purification methods. Methemoglobin reduction was carried out at 37° C in spectrophotometer. It is shown that methemoglobin concentration variation (at least when it is above 1 mM) does not change the reduction rate. Whereas, the ratio of methemoglobin to oxyhemoglobin determines the rate of methemoglobin reduction when all other …

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Analysis Of Arkansas Fur Harvest Records - 1942-1984: I. State And Regional Accounts, Gary A. Heidt, James H. Peck, Tiny Sheldon, Joseph D. Clark Jan 1985

Analysis Of Arkansas Fur Harvest Records - 1942-1984: I. State And Regional Accounts, Gary A. Heidt, James H. Peck, Tiny Sheldon, Joseph D. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fur harvest records maintained by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission from 1942-1984 summarized the number of pelts sold by region (Ozark Mountains, Ouachita Mountains, Gulf Coastal Plain, and Mississippi Delta) and the average price per pelt for 16 furbearers. Analysis of these records showed that in the 1979-80 trapping season (the record year for both harvest and value both in Arkansas and the nation), the value of the Arkansas fur harvest ranked 14th nationally (2.12% of total national value). Fur harvests in Arkansas were high in the 1940's, declined in the 1950's and 1960's and then experienced a rapid …

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Model To Predict Arkansas Gray Fox Fur Harvests, James H. Peck, Gary A. Heidt Jan 1985

Model To Predict Arkansas Gray Fox Fur Harvests, James H. Peck, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Linear regression analysis of total gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) fur harvests from 1954-1983 in Arkansas showed a high correlation with mean pelt values (r = 0.956). Single variable models using linear regression analyses of current season's pelt values (CSPV) and previous season's pelt values (PSPV) were designed to predict fur harvests. These models demonstrated high correlations for predicting harvests (r = 0.933 and r = 0.893 respectively). Regional analyses revealed a high correlation between mean pelt values and harvest for the Ozark Mountain region (r = 0.923), Ouachita Mountain region (r = 0.971 ), and Gulf Coastal Plain (r = …

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Fluctuations And Relationships Of Selected Physiochemical Parameters In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1975-1982, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson Jan 1985

Fluctuations And Relationships Of Selected Physiochemical Parameters In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1975-1982, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Annual and seasonal fluctuations and relationships are described for discharge, turbidity, chloride, total hardness, conductivity and suspended solids over an eight-year period in Dardanelle Reservoir. The parameters fluctuated rather widely primarily in response to seasonal patterns of rainfall. Chloride and conductivity were related and generally fluctuated together as did turbidity and suspended solids. Hardness appeared to vary independently of the others prior to 1979 then varied more closely with chloride after March 1979. Inherent differences between the Illinois Bayou arm and the main Arkansas River sections complicated the precise identification of any overall impact of power plant operation. No significant …

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Age And Growth Of The Bluegill Lepomis Macrochrius Rafinesque From An Unmanaged Watershed Lake In Northeast Arkansas With Observations On Lake Ecology, Stephen A. Sewell Jan 1985

Age And Growth Of The Bluegill Lepomis Macrochrius Rafinesque From An Unmanaged Watershed Lake In Northeast Arkansas With Observations On Lake Ecology, Stephen A. Sewell

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Age and growth data were compiled on 114 bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, taken from floodwater retarding structure #15 of the Big Creek Watershed project in Craighead and Greene counties of northeast Arkansas. This project was completed in the early 1960's by USDA-SCS. The 73 surface acre lake has not been managed for fish production and has been subjected to unscheduled water level manipulations during dry weather periods. These manipulations have maintained the bluegill population in healthy condition. The oldest bluegill collected were age class IV+. Average condition coefficient K(TL)declined from oldest to youngest individuals (2.96 in age class IV+ - …

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Synopsis Of The Nepidae Of Arkansas, George L. Harp Jan 1985

Synopsis Of The Nepidae Of Arkansas, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Further Distributional Records For Arkansas Anisoptera, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett Jan 1985

Further Distributional Records For Arkansas Anisoptera, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Reports Of Albino Birds In Arkansas Since 1968, Earl L. Hanebrink Jan 1985

Reports Of Albino Birds In Arkansas Since 1968, Earl L. Hanebrink

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Incidence Of Giardia In Arkansas Beaver, Gary A. Heidt, Ann H. Nichols, James J. Daly Jan 1985

Incidence Of Giardia In Arkansas Beaver, Gary A. Heidt, Ann H. Nichols, James J. Daly

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Identifying Perplexing Chickadee Specimens From Skeletal Material, Douglas A. James, James D. Rising Jan 1985

Identifying Perplexing Chickadee Specimens From Skeletal Material, Douglas A. James, James D. Rising

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Demonstration Of A Heat-Stable Cyclic Gmp Phosphodiesterase In The Medium Of Physarum Flavicomum, Thomas J. Lynch, Mark S. Ross Jan 1985

Demonstration Of A Heat-Stable Cyclic Gmp Phosphodiesterase In The Medium Of Physarum Flavicomum, Thomas J. Lynch, Mark S. Ross

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Southern Woodfern, Dryopteris X Australis, New To Arkansas, Steve L. Orzell, James H. Peck Jan 1985

Southern Woodfern, Dryopteris X Australis, New To Arkansas, Steve L. Orzell, James H. Peck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Louisiana Log Fern (Dryopteris Ludoviciana) New To Arkansas, James H. Peck, Eric Sundell, Carol J. Peck Jan 1985

Louisiana Log Fern (Dryopteris Ludoviciana) New To Arkansas, James H. Peck, Eric Sundell, Carol J. Peck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Dytiscidae From Randolph County, Arkansas, Mark A. Pippenger, George L. Harp Jan 1985

Dytiscidae From Randolph County, Arkansas, Mark A. Pippenger, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Observations And New Records Of Ferns Naturalizing In Arkansas, James H. Peck, Lance Peacock, William M. Shepherd Jan 1985

Observations And New Records Of Ferns Naturalizing In Arkansas, James H. Peck, Lance Peacock, William M. Shepherd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Corticocortical Projections Of A Visually Responsive Area In The Cat Brain, Joseph Mcgrath Jan 1985

Corticocortical Projections Of A Visually Responsive Area In The Cat Brain, Joseph Mcgrath

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Clare-Bishop (CB) area bears the name of the investigators who first (1954) demonstrated a cortical area in the cat brain located along the lateral aspect of the middle suprasylvian gyrus which responded electrophysiologically to both optic nerve and striate cortex (area 17) stimulation. More recent studies of CB or the lateral suprasylvian (LS) area have supported its role in visual and/or oculomotor functions. Silver degeneration methods were undertaken to clarify some of the corticocortical connections of this cortical region. The data accumulated provides a morphological basis in support of the CB area's role in visual and/or oculomotor activities

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Range Extension Of The Porcupine (Erethizon Dorsatum) Into Southwest Arkansas, Joseph D. Clark Jan 1985

Range Extension Of The Porcupine (Erethizon Dorsatum) Into Southwest Arkansas, Joseph D. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Role Of Centriolar Matrix And Striated Rootlets In Centriolar Pairing And Orientation During Spermatogenesis In Hydractina Echinata, Maurice G. Kleve Jan 1985

Role Of Centriolar Matrix And Striated Rootlets In Centriolar Pairing And Orientation During Spermatogenesis In Hydractina Echinata, Maurice G. Kleve

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Transmission electron microscopy of the spermatogenic stages of the hydroid, Hydractinia echinata, reveals a series of complex structural and positional changes in the centrioles of spermatocytes and spermatids. The newly generated centriolar pairs of spermatocytes form an unusual four-centriole aggregate that persists until cell division. The distal centrioles of this aggregate are shrouded with a very dense matrix that accumulates after centriolar replication. This matrix facilitates the mechanical attachment between distal centrioles and microtubular nucleating satellites, striated rootlets and pericentriolar processes. The association of these accessory structures occurs sequentially and is repeated in spermatocytes and spermatids. An electron dense plaque, …

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Water Quality In The Gillham Lake-Cossatot River System During Dry And Wet Periods, Stephen B. Smith, Thomas E. Moen Jan 1984

Water Quality In The Gillham Lake-Cossatot River System During Dry And Wet Periods, Stephen B. Smith, Thomas E. Moen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Water samples were collected in the Cossatot River-Gillham Lake system during an extended dry period and after heavy rains to determine the spatial variations in certain water quality characteristics. Of particular interest was the influence of the reservoir discharge on the water quality of the tailwater compared with the effects of four tributaries entering the tailwater below the reservoir. The water quality of the Cossatot River below Gillham Lake at low-flow (dry periods) and during the first 3 days after heavy rainfall (wet period) was influenced more by the tributaries entering the tailwater than by the reservoir water release. We …

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Toward A Concise Definition And Perspective For Biology, Arthur V. Brown, Kristine Basinger Brown Jan 1984

Toward A Concise Definition And Perspective For Biology, Arthur V. Brown, Kristine Basinger Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The content of introductory biology courses at the high school and college levels are currently being re-examined. Many biological educators favor revision of the high school biology courses to a format that directly addresses current social issues to "promote good citizenship". We believe it would be more meaningful to teach the fundamental principles of biology, the study of living systems. Properly defining biology, by defining a living system, should help identify important topics to include in a basic biology course. Emphasis should be placed on subjects which would contribute most to the development of a basic understanding of how all …

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Effects Of Commercial Fish Removal On Sport Fish Populations In Two Arkansas Reservoirs, Tommie Crawford Jan 1984

Effects Of Commercial Fish Removal On Sport Fish Populations In Two Arkansas Reservoirs, Tommie Crawford

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Commercial netting occurred October through April, 1971-1976 on Nimrod Lake and from October through April, 1973-1977 on Blue Mountain Lake in west central Arkansas. Using 7.6 cm or larger mesh gill and/or trammel nets, commercial fishermen harvested commercial fishes (buffalofishes [Ictiobus spp.]; common carp [Cyprinus carpio], carpsuckers [Carpiodes spp.]; drum [Aplodinotus grunniens]; gars [Lepisosteus spp.]; suckers [Catostomidae); and catfishes [Ictalurus spp. and Pylodictis olivaris]). During the study period, cove rotenone samples were conducted on an annual basis. Fishes collected were placed into age classes and enumerated. Data were then grouped into general categories (black basses [Micropterus spp], crappie [Pomoxis spp.], …

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Fly Ash As A Fertilizer And Lime Source In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman Jan 1984

Fly Ash As A Fertilizer And Lime Source In Arkansas, Stanley L. Chapman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Percent calcium carbonate equivalent (neutralizing value) of five fly ash samples ranged from 34 to 41. Field soils at three sites were treated with fly ash at rates that ranged from 1 to 6 tons per acre. Fly ash applications had opposite effects on extractable P, B, Fe, and Cu at Sites 1 and 2. A three-fold increase in total B occurred in wheat plants taken from one field treated with fly ash. At Site 3 test results of soil samples collected three, six, nine and twelve months after treatment showed that 2 tons of agricultural limestone was equivalent to …

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Ultraviolet Light Reactivation Of Gamma-Ray Induces Chromosome Aberrations In G1 Phase Xenopus Cells, Susan Kulp, Linda Rogers, H. Gaston Griggs Jan 1984

Ultraviolet Light Reactivation Of Gamma-Ray Induces Chromosome Aberrations In G1 Phase Xenopus Cells, Susan Kulp, Linda Rogers, H. Gaston Griggs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Summary Account Of The Carolina Parakeet In Arkansas, Daniel Mckinley, Douglas A. James Jan 1984

Summary Account Of The Carolina Parakeet In Arkansas, Daniel Mckinley, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The extinct Carolina Parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis) once was part of the Arkansas avifauna. The first two reports of the species in what is now Arkansas were made in 1673 and 1718 by early French explorers. The remaining records are from the 1800s when parakeets were found in nearly all parts of the state, often in abundance. The last literature reference for the species still definitely occurring in Arkansas pertains to birds present in the summer of 1885 along the White River at Newport

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Microgeographic Variation In The Mexican Vole, Microtus Mexicanus, Meredith J. Hamilton, Gary A. Heidt Jan 1984

Microgeographic Variation In The Mexican Vole, Microtus Mexicanus, Meredith J. Hamilton, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Altitudinal variation was assessed in 115 (62 male; 53 female) Mexican voles (Microtus mexicanus) from six localities in Jalisco, Mexico. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were employed in the data analyses. A total of 49 skeletal measurements were investigated, and of these, 17 showed significant interlocality variation. Rostral breadth, depth of braincase, rostral height, width of third molar and nasal length were found to be the most variable characters. Component I (a size factor) accounted for 36% of the total phenetic variation; components II and III accounted for 30% and 19%, respectively. Larger individuals were found to occur at lower …

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